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全球質子交換膜燃料電池市場 - 2023-2030Global Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Market - 2023-2030 |
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全球質子交換膜燃料電池市場規模在2022年達到35億美元,預計到2030年將達到123億美元,在2023-2030年期間的年複合成長率為17.1%。
影響全球質子交換膜燃料電池(PEMFC)業務的主要因素之一是對非常規能源的需求不斷成長。將氫作為燃料電池的燃料是促進其快速發展的因素之一。 PEMFC是一種永續燃料,因為燃料電池的唯一副產品是水。世界各國政府已經實施了鼓勵使用PEMFC的激勵計劃。對於試圖降低碳排放的國家來說,這是一個可行的解決方案,因為它是傳統燃料的永續替代品。
此外,美國和其他發達經濟體越來越重視減少排放,技術趨向於更清潔的技術,這將促進市場成長。日本是亞太地區最大的質子交換膜燃料電池消費國之一,該國啟動了一項名為"Ene農場計劃"的項目。根據該計劃,政府將為微型熱電聯產應用建立燃料電池系統,到2020年將達到140萬套,到2030年將達到530萬套。
推動清潔能源替代品需求的關鍵因素之一是減少溫室氣體排放的迫切需要。煤炭、石油和天然氣等傳統能源是二氧化碳和其他污染物的主要排放源。
燃燒這些化石燃料發電和運輸會損害空氣品質,加劇氣候變化。因此,各國政府、組織和個人都在積極尋求更清潔的替代能源,以幫助緩解這些環境挑戰。
世界各國都認知到投資包括PEMFC在內的清潔能源替代品對於解決環境問題和實現氣候目標的重要性。許多國家的政府已經實施了相關政策和激勵措施來支持這些技術的採用和部署。這些措施包括財政激勵、稅收減免、研究補助和補貼,以鼓勵開發和使用清潔能源解決方案。
催化劑材料是導致PEMFC成本居高不下的主要原因。此外,質子交換膜、雙極板和氣體擴散層等其他組件也增加了總成本。
這些組件需要專門的製造程序和材料,這可能會增加燃料電池系統的生產成本。簡化製造程序和為這些組件尋找具有成本效益的材料是降低整體系統成本的持續研究領域。
質子交換膜通常由聚合物材料製成,是另一個重要的成本驅動因素。這些膜必須具有高質子傳導性和化學穩定性,通常需要昂貴的材料。目前進行開發工作,以提高質子交換膜的性能並降低其成本。
由於為遏制病毒傳播而實施的封鎖措施、旅行限制和工廠關閉,PEMFC及其組件的全球供應鏈受到嚴重干擾。這種中斷導致生產延遲、原料供應減少以及燃料電池製造商的交付週期延長。因此,PEMFC市場經歷了供應鏈挑戰,在滿足需求方面面臨困難。
The Global Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Market reached US$ 3.5 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach US$ 12.3 billion by 2030, growing with a CAGR of 17.1% during the forecast period 2023-2030.
One of the main factors affecting the Global Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) business is the rising need for unconventional energy sources. The use of hydrogen as a fuel for fuel cells is one of the factors contributing to their rapid expansion. PEMFC is a sustainable fuel because the fuel cell's only byproduct is water. Governments worldwide have implemented incentive programs to encourage the use of PEMFC. It is a feasible solution for nations trying to lower carbon emissions because it is a sustainable substitute for traditional fuels.
Additionally, the U.S. and other developed economies are placing increasing emphasis on reducing emissions, and there is a tendency for technology to move in favor of cleaner technologies, which will promote market growth. Japan is one of the largest consumers of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells in the Asia-Pacific and the country initiated a program named "Ene farm program." Under this program, the government will establish fuel cell systems for micro CHP applications, with 1.4 Million Units by 2020 and 5.3 Million Units by 2030.
One of the key factors driving the demand for clean energy alternatives is the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Traditional energy sources, such as coal, oil and natural gas, are major contributors to carbon dioxide emissions and other pollutants.
The combustion of these fossil fuels for electricity generation and transportation harms air quality and exacerbates climate change. As a result, governments, organizations and individuals are actively seeking cleaner alternatives to help mitigate these environmental challenges.
Countries worldwide recognize the importance of investing in clean energy alternatives, including PEMFCs, to address environmental concerns and achieve their climate goals. Many governments have implemented policies and incentives to support the adoption and deployment of these technologies. These initiatives include financial incentives, tax breaks, research grants and subsidies to encourage the development and use of clean energy solutions.
Catalyst materials are a major component adding to the high cost of PEMFCs. Furthermore, other components in, such as the proton-exchange membrane, bipolar plates and gas diffusion layers, contribute to the overall cost.
These components require specialized manufacturing processes and materials, which can add to the production cost of the fuel cell system. Streamlining manufacturing processes and finding cost-effective materials for these components are areas of ongoing research to reduce the overall system cost.
The proton-exchange membrane, typically made of a polymer material, is another significant cost driver. These membranes must have high proton conductivity and be chemically stable, often requiring expensive materials. Development efforts are underway to enhance the performance and reduce the cost of proton-exchange membranes.
The global supply chains for PEMFCs and their components were severely disrupted due to lockdown measures, travel restrictions and factory closures implemented to curb the spread of the virus. The disruption resulted in production delays, reduced availability of raw materials and increased lead times for fuel cell manufacturers. As a result, the PEMFC market experienced supply chain challenges and faced difficulties in meeting demand.
The Global Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Market is segmented based on type, component, application, end-user and region.
Transportation application holds most of the Global Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Market share. Various developing countries are investing in fuel-cell electric vehicles thus boosting the transportation segment in the PEMFC market. For instance, in 2022, Along with other officials, Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways Shri Nitin Gadkari unveiled the Toyota Mirai, the world's most technologically advanced green hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV).
The world's most advanced fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), the Toyota Mirai, which runs on hydrogen, is being studied and evaluated on Indian roads and environmental circumstances as part of a pilot project being carried out by Toyota Kirloskar Motor Pvt Ltd and the International Centre for Automotive Technology (ICAT). This pioneering project in India intends to develop an ecosystem based on green hydrogen by raising awareness of the special benefits of green hydrogen and FCEV technology.
European companies and organizations are actively collaborating to accelerate the development and commercialization of PEMFCs. Partnerships between fuel cell manufacturers, automotive companies, energy providers and research institutions foster knowledge exchange, technological advancements and market expansion.
For instance, on March 30th, 2023, The HyEkoTank project was launched in Lysaker, Norway, by eight project partners from three European nations (Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands), who also discussed the procedures the consortium will follow during the project's implementation period as well as the work to be done in the upcoming period. A project with a 36-month lifespan, the HyEkoTank is supported by the European Union through the Horizon Europe program.
The HyEkoTank consortium has recognized a need for efficient hydrogen PEM fuel cell technologies for maritime applications. The collaboration was established to combine considerable expertise and understanding in fuel cells, hydrogen and the marine sector and to offer a solution to refit fleets cost-effectively to cut their GHG emissions drastically.
The major global players include: Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology BV, AVL, PowerCell, 3M, Ballard Power Systems, PLUG POWER INC., Showa Denko K.K (SDK), W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Bing Energy Inc and Freudenberg SE.
The Global Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Market Report Would Provide Approximately 72 Tables, 70 Figures And 200 pages.
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