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電動車電池 EV電池

市場調查報告書

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1489497

全球電動車電池回收市場 - 2024-2031

Global Electric Vehicles Battery Recycling Market - 2024-2031

出版日期: 2024年06月05日 | 出版商:

DataM Intelligence | 英文 196 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

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簡介目錄

概述

全球電動車電池回收市場2023年達86億美元，預計到2031年將達到506億美元，2024-2031年預測期間複合年成長率為24.8%。

新型且能量密度更高的電動車電池的開發將是市場成長的主要推動因素，因為回收零件的使用將會增加，以保持成本競爭力。 2023年5月，美國電池製造商國軒科技宣布推出以磷酸鋰化學為基礎的L600電池。電池的高能量密度一次充電可提供近 600 英里的續航里程。

濕式冶金和火法冶金等傳統回收方法缺乏替代品可能會削弱市場的未來成長。這兩種方法都是高度能源密集的，這增加了回收成本。如果鋰和其他電池組件的市場價格大幅波動，製造商可能會完全放棄回收。

動力學

全球鋰產量難以提高

電動車主要青睞鋰化學電池，因為它們具有高能量密度和廣泛的適用性。然而，生產商一直在努力跟上不斷成長的需求，而需求幾乎總是超過供應。德意志銀行在 2023 年 8 月的新聞稿中表示，預計到 2025 年每年缺口將達到 4 萬噸至 5 萬噸，到 2031 年可能會增加至 76.8 萬噸。

儘管智利、玻利維亞和阿根廷已經發現了新的鋰儲量，但開發這些儲量並進行全面商業化生產可能需要至少4至5年的時間。這樣的時間尺度不利於緩解短期鋰短缺問題。因此，大多數電池製造商正在轉向增加回收組件的使用，以應對短缺問題。

其他電池化學物質的開發

儘管鋰電池是電動車供電的熱門選擇，但其他電池化學物質也在探索之中。鋰鎳鈷鋁氧化物 (NCA) 和鋰鎳錳鈷氧化物 (NMC) 具有更高的能量密度，可讓電動車延長續航里程。研究人員正在努力彌補不足，例如充電速度較慢以及在較高工作溫度下容易發生熱失控反應。

鈦酸鋰（LTO）最常用於快速充電汽車電池。隨著其他電池化學材料成為主流，對回收鋰和其他電池材料的需求將會更大。許多電池公司的目標是實施循環鋰經濟，以降低生產成本和環境污染。

回收成本高

市場成長的主要障礙是電池回收成本相對較高。濕式冶金和火法冶金都是能源密集型，佔回收成本的很大一部分。只有電池材料的市場價格維持在高位，回收才能持續下去。如果價格暴跌，那麼回收費用就會變得異常昂貴。

使回收變得複雜的另一個因素是不同電池化學成分的使用。儘管這些電池很容易用回收的組件製造，但它們本身在使用壽命結束時很難回收。在通用回收標準獲得批准之前，市場將繼續面臨充滿挑戰的成長條件。

The development of new and more energy-dense electric vehicle batteries will a major contributing factor to market growth, since the usage of recycled components will increase to keep costs competitive. In May 2023, Gotion Technology, a U.S. battery manufacturer, announced the launch of its L600 battery based on lithium-phosphate chemistry. The high-energy density of the battery provides nearly 600 miles of range on a single charge.

The lack of alternatives to traditional recycling methods like hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy could potentially cripple the future growth of the market. Both methods are highly energy intensive, which raises recycling costs. If there is significant volatility in the market prices of lithium and other battery components, manufacturers could abandon recycling all-together.

Dynamics

Difficulty in Raising Global Lithium Production Output

Electric vehicles mainly prefer lithium chemistry batteries due to their high energy density and extensive serviceability. However, producers have struggled to keep pace with growing demand which has almost always outstripped supply. In an August 2023 press release, Deutsche Bank stated that it forecasted an annual shortfall of 40,000 to 50,000 tons by 2025, which could grow to 768,000 tons by 2031.

Although new reserves of lithium have been discovered in Chile, Bolivia and Argentina, exploiting these reserves and undertaking full-scale commercial production can take at least 4 to 5 years. Such a timescale is not conducive for alleviating the short term lithium shortages. Therefore, most battery manufacturers are turning towards increasing the usage of recycled components to beat shortages.

Development of Other Battery Chemistries

Although lithium batteries are the popular choice for powering electric vehicles, other battery chemistries are also being explored. Lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) offer much higher energy density which can allow electric vehicles to extend their range. Researchers are working on remedying shortfalls such as slower charging speeds and susceptibility to thermal runaway reactions at higher operating temperatures.

Lithium titanate (LTO) is mostly being preferred for fast-charging vehicle batteries. As other battery chemistries become mainstream, there will be a greater demand for recycled lithium and other battery materials. Many battery companies are aiming to implement a circular lithium economy to reduce production costs and environmental pollution.

High Cost of Recycling

A major impediment to market growth is the relatively high cost of battery recycling. Both hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy are highly energy intensive and account for a major chunk of the recycling costs. Recycling can only be sustained if market prices of battery materials stay high. If prices crash, then recycling become prohibitively expensive.

Another factor complicating recycling is the usage of different battery chemistries. Although these batteries are easy to manufacture from recycled components, they themselves are difficult to recycle on reaching the end of their operational life. Until a universal recycling standard is approved, the market will continue to witness challenging growth conditions.

Segment Analysis

The global electric vehicles battery recycling market is segmented based on battery type, process, source and region.

Hydrometallurgy Remains the Most Popular Recycling Process

For the recycling of used EV lithium-ion batteries, the hydrometallurgical process is seen to be the best option. Hydrometallurgy works with all lithium-ion chemistries, recovering at least 95% of the battery's black mass. Lithium, manganese, cobalt, nickel and graphite are some of the valuable components that are recovered by hydrometallurgy. However, additional processing is required to isolate these other compounds.

Pyrometallurgical processes are mainly used for extensive recycling of cobalt. However, a major factor that influences the profitability of pyrometallurgical process is the market price of lithium metal. Hydrometallurgy is preferred because it can recover significant yields of other commercially valuable metals.

Geographical Penetration

The Growth of Chinese EV Exports Will Propel Market Growth in Asia-Pacific

Asia-Pacific will account for a large share of the global market thanks to China's continuing dominance of mass market electric vehicle exports. China's best-selling export model, the BYD Atto 3 is priced at US$ 16,500, roughly half the cost of competing models from western brands like Tesla, Ford and GM. With China ramping up domestic production and exports, local battery manufacturing companies are rapidly pivoting towards implementing a circular lithium supply chain to keep down costs.

VinFast, a Vietnamese EV manufacturer, is also rapidly scaling up its production and exports. In February 2024, the company broke ground on a new battery manufacturing and vehicle assembly plant in Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India. Asia-Pacific is expected to continue its domination of the global electric vehicles battery recycling market during the forecast period.

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The pandemic created several pitfalls for EV battery recycling, mainly as lockdowns and other restrictions hampered the output of recycling plants. Supply chain disruptions also meant that lesser quantities of battery scrap material were available for recycling. The pandemic also contributed to an overall slowdown of R&D work on new recycling methods and technology.

Despite the challenges caused by the pandemic, the global market has exhibited remarkable resilience and has returned to a growth trajectory. A temporary volatility in global commodity prices is likely to weigh on market recovery, but is unlikely to influence the long-term growth of the global market.

Russia-Ukraine War Impact Analysis

Even before the start of the war in Ukraine, Russia had a very small share of the global market. Russian companies were not majorly involved in the development of electric vehicle battery technology, mostly relying on western and Chinese imports to fulfill domestic needs. The Ukraine war has caused major problems for Russia's local market.

The imposition of tough economic sanctions has cut off Russia from western technology and collaboration. Many highly qualified scientists working in the field have left the country to pursue research opportunities in Europe and U.S. Although Russian research institutes and universities have signed wide-ranging cooperation agreements with Chinese companies, it is unlikely to lead to significant market development.

By Battery Type

Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt
Lithium Iron Phosphate
Lithium Titanate Oxide
Lithium Manganese Oxide
Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide

By Process

Hydrometallurgical Process
Pyrometallurgy Process
Physical/Mechanical Process

By Source

Passenger Vehicles
Commercial Vehicles
E-Bikes

By Region

North America
- U.S.
- Canada
- Mexico
Europe
- Germany
- UK
- France
- Italy
- Spain
- Rest of Europe
South America
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Rest of South America
Asia-Pacific
- China
- India
- Japan
- Australia
- Rest of Asia-Pacific
Middle East and Africa

Key Developments

In September 2023, Eramet, a French metallurgy company in partnership with Suez, a utility company, announced that its new EV battery recycling center, based on hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical process, will commence operations in 2025.
In December 2023, Rubamin, an Indian recycling company, announced plans to invest INR 545 crores (US$ 65.5 million) to build a new hydrometallurgical battery recycling facility with an annual capacity of 5000 tons, with commencement of operations in July 2024.
In March 2023, the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany announced the development of a new mechanical recycling process that can recover up to 70% of lithium.

Competitive Landscape

The major global players in the market include GEM Co., Ltd., Eramet, Li-Cycle Corp, Fortum, Umicore, Redwood Materials Inc., Shenzhen Highpower Technology Co., Ltd., ACE Green Recycling, Inc., Stena Metall AB and ACCUREC-Recycling GmbH.

Why Purchase the Report?

To visualize the global electric vehicles battery recycling market segmentation based on battery type, process, source and region, as well as understand key commercial assets and players.
Identify commercial opportunities by analyzing trends and co-development.
Excel data sheet with numerous data points of electric vehicles battery recycling market-level with all segments.
PDF report consists of a comprehensive analysis after exhaustive qualitative interviews and an in-depth study.
Product mapping available as excel consisting of key products of all the major players.

The global electric vehicles battery recycling market report would provide approximately 62 tables, 55 figures and 196 Pages.

Target Audience 2024

Automotive Companies
Battery Companies
Industry Investors/Investment Bankers
Research Professionals

1.Methodology and Scope

1.1.Research Methodology
1.2.Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2.Definition and Overview

3.Executive Summary

3.1.Snippet by Battery Type
3.2.Snippet by Process
3.3.Snippet by Source
3.4.Snippet by Region

4.Dynamics

4.1.Impacting Factors
- 4.1.1.Drivers
  - 4.1.1.1.Difficulty in Raising Global Lithium Production Output
  - 4.1.1.2.Development of Other Battery Chemistries
- 4.1.2.Restraints
  - 4.1.2.1.High Cost of Recycling
- 4.1.3.Opportunity
- 4.1.4.Impact Analysis

5.Industry Analysis

5.1.Porter's Five Force Analysis
5.2.Supply Chain Analysis
5.3.Pricing Analysis
5.4.Regulatory Analysis
5.5.Russia-Ukraine War Impact Analysis
5.6.DMI Opinion

6.COVID-19 Analysis

6.1.Analysis of COVID-19
- 6.1.1.Scenario Before COVID-19
- 6.1.2.Scenario During COVID-19
- 6.1.3.Scenario Post COVID-19
6.2.Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
6.3.Demand-Supply Spectrum
6.4.Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
6.5.Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives
6.6.Conclusion

7.By Battery Type

7.1.Introduction
- 7.1.1.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Battery Type
- 7.1.2.Market Attractiveness Index, By Battery Type
7.2.Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt*
- 7.2.1.Introduction
- 7.2.2.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
7.3.Lithium Iron Phosphate
7.4.Lithium Titanate Oxide
7.5.Lithium Manganese Oxide
7.6.Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide

8.By Process

8.1.Introduction
- 8.1.1.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Process
- 8.1.2.Market Attractiveness Index, By Process
8.2.Hydrometallurgical Process*
- 8.2.1.Introduction
- 8.2.2.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
8.3.Pyrometallurgy Process
8.4.Physical/Mechanical Process

9.By Source

9.1.Introduction
- 9.1.1.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
- 9.1.2.Market Attractiveness Index, By Source
9.2.Passenger Vehicles*
- 9.2.1.Introduction
- 9.2.2.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
9.3.Commercial Vehicles
9.4.E-Bikes

10.By Region

10.1.Introduction
- 10.1.1.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
- 10.1.2.Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
10.2.North America
- 10.2.1.Introduction
- 10.2.2.Key Region-Specific Dynamics
- 10.2.3.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Battery Type
- 10.2.4.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Process
- 10.2.5.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
- 10.2.6.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
  - 10.2.6.1.U.S.
  - 10.2.6.2.Canada
  - 10.2.6.3.Mexico
10.3.Europe
- 10.3.1.Introduction
- 10.3.2.Key Region-Specific Dynamics
- 10.3.3.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Battery Type
- 10.3.4.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Process
- 10.3.5.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
- 10.3.6.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
  - 10.3.6.1.Germany
  - 10.3.6.2.UK
  - 10.3.6.3.France
  - 10.3.6.4.Italy
  - 10.3.6.5.Spain
  - 10.3.6.6.Rest of Europe
10.4.South America
- 10.4.1.Introduction
- 10.4.2.Key Region-Specific Dynamics
- 10.4.3.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Battery Type
- 10.4.4.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Process
- 10.4.5.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
- 10.4.6.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
  - 10.4.6.1.Brazil
  - 10.4.6.2.Argentina
  - 10.4.6.3.Rest of South America
10.5.Asia-Pacific
- 10.5.1.Introduction
- 10.5.2.Key Region-Specific Dynamics
- 10.5.3.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Battery Type
- 10.5.4.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Process
- 10.5.5.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source
- 10.5.6.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
  - 10.5.6.1.China
  - 10.5.6.2.India
  - 10.5.6.3.Japan
  - 10.5.6.4.Australia
  - 10.5.6.5.Rest of Asia-Pacific
10.6.Middle East and Africa
- 10.6.1.Introduction
- 10.6.2.Key Region-Specific Dynamics
- 10.6.3.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Battery Type
- 10.6.4.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Process
- 10.6.5.Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Source

11.Competitive Landscape

11.1.Competitive Scenario
11.2.Market Positioning/Share Analysis
11.3.Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

12.Company Profiles

12.1.GEM Co., Ltd.*
- 12.1.1.Company Overview
- 12.1.2.Product Portfolio and Description
- 12.1.3.Financial Overview
- 12.1.4.Key Developments
12.2.Eramet
12.3.Li-Cycle Corp
12.4.Fortum
12.5.Umicore
12.6.Redwood Materials Inc.
12.7.Shenzhen Highpower Technology Co., Ltd.
12.8.ACE Green Recycling, Inc.
12.9.Stena Metall AB
12.10.ACCUREC-Recycling GmbH

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE