市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1629838
全球電動垂直起降市場 - 2024-2031Global eVTOL Market - 2024-2031 |
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全球電動垂直起降市場於 2023 年達到 12 億美元,預計到 2031 年將達到 405 億美元,2024-2031 年預測期間複合年成長率為 55.25%。
電池技術的發展與擴展是推動eVTOL(電動垂直起降)飛機市場成長的關鍵因素。隨著電池容量的增加、重量的減輕和快速充電的實現,電動垂直起降飛機可以行駛更遠的距離,同時減少停機時間,從而增強其實用性和對城市空中交通和其他用途的吸引力。技術進步提高了營運效率,並擴大了 eVTOL 的潛在應用範圍,從客運無人機到貨運系統,從而推動市場擴張。
監管框架的建立和航空當局的協助對於 eVTOL 行業的擴張至關重要。美國聯邦航空管理局 (FAA) 和歐盟航空安全局 (EASA) 等監管機構正在製定針對 eVTOL 營運的規範和證書。這種立法的明確性對於保證 eVTOL 飛機的安全性、一致性和公眾信心至關重要。
促進採用突破性航空技術的政府活動和政策具有重大影響力。隨著法律得到進一步明確和支持,它們將促進電動垂直起降飛機的更廣泛採用和商業營運,推動未來幾年的市場擴張。
由於多種因素增強了該地區的成長潛力,預計歐洲將成為電動垂直起降飛機市場成長最快的地區。該地區經濟大幅成長,導致航空旅行需求增加和商業航空業不斷擴大。對永續航空實踐的日益關注,以及城市空中交通和複雜空中交通解決方案的出現,將推動電動垂直起降飛機市場的發展。
動力學
市場投資增加
包括波音公司、空中巴士和貝爾直升機在內的著名飛機製造商都積極參與 eVTOL 開發計畫。包括通用電氣航空集團、雷神技術公司、霍尼韋爾國際公司和勞斯萊斯公司在內的主要飛機供應商正在大力投資電動垂直起降相關技術,例如電動馬達和混合動力電動動力系統組件。此外,包括豐田、現代和戴姆勒在內的汽車巨頭已經投資並合作開發自己的 eVTOL 項目。
最近在 2024 年,豐田向 eVTOL 公司 Joby Aviation 撥款約 4 億美元。此外,赫氏和東麗先進複合材料等複合材料生產商正在與原始設備製造商合作,開發用於垂直起降飛機許多零件的複雜輕質材料。因此,來自不同行業的大量支出預計將促進電動垂直起降飛機市場的成長。
永續且安靜的航空旅行
正如目前的國際能源資訊署 (EIA) 能源報告所強調的那樣,由於人口成長導致二氧化碳排放量不斷增加,人們對清潔能源和氣候變遷的擔憂日益加劇。航空運輸行動組織(ATAG) 強調,航空業約佔全球二氧化碳排放量的2%,並承諾在2050 年將排放量減少50%。重要從化石燃料轉向永續航空燃料。
電動垂直起降飛機提供環保且更安靜的交通選擇,與傳統飛機相比,電力推進過程中實現零排放,噪音更低,從而解決了環境和公眾的擔憂。這種綜合效益正在增強全球對永續飛機技術的支援。
eVTOL 製造商正在利用美國聯邦航空管理局、美國太空總署和美國國防部創建的永續航空燃料和複雜的噪音模型,以遵守嚴格的環境法規。知名企業正在創新低排放和降噪解決方案。空中巴士的 CityBus Next GEN 飛機以其更安靜、零排放的 eVTOL 設計展示了創新,為永續航空運輸建立了新標準。
安全問題
在電動垂直起降飛機中,實現尺寸、品質和功率的最佳平衡至關重要。這些飛機需要能量密集的電池來滿足起飛、降落和側風飛行期間的大量電力需求,同時保持緊湊和輕巧。然而,增加可充電電池的數量以提高功率密度同時也會提高有效負載和熱輸出。高容量、快速充電的電池會產生大量的熱排放,高達 100 千瓦,有過熱、故障或潛在事故的風險。
電池安全是一個關鍵問題,因為過度充電或電壓突波可能導致熱失控、電池老化和火災,從而危及飛機可靠性和乘客安全。 Lilium GmbH 在最近的一場地面火災中失去鳳凰城演示的事件凸顯了嚴格的消防協議的必要性,特別是在電池安裝和維護期間。
Global eVTOL Market reached US$ 1.2 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach US$ 40.50 billion by 2031, growing with a CAGR of 55.25% during the forecast period 2024-2031.
The development and expansion of battery technology are crucial factors propelling the growth of the eVTOL (electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing) aircraft market. As batteries increase in capacity, reduce in weight and enable expedited charging, eVTOLs can traverse greater distances with diminished downtimes, enhancing their practicality and attractiveness for urban air mobility and other uses. The technical advancement improves operational efficiency and broadens the potential applications for eVTOLs, ranging from passenger drones to freight delivery systems, thus propelling market expansion.
The creation of regulatory frameworks and assistance from aviation authorities is essential for the expansion of the eVTOL sector. Regulatory entities including the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) are formulating norms and certificates tailored to eVTOL operations. This legislative clarity is crucial for guaranteeing safety, uniformity and public confidence in eVTOL aircraft.
Government activities and policies that facilitate the adoption of breakthrough aviation technologies are significantly influential. As laws become further defined and supportive, they will promote the broader adoption and commercial operation of eVTOL aircraft, propelling market expansion in the forthcoming years.
Europe is anticipated to be the most rapidly expanding area in the eVTOL Aircraft market, due to several factors that enhance the region's growth potential. The region has had substantial economic growth, leading to increased air travel demand and an expanding commercial aviation sector. The increasing focus on sustainable aviation practices, along with the advent of urban air mobility and sophisticated air mobility solutions, will propel the market for eVTOL aircraft.
Dynamics
Rising Investments in the Market
Prominent aircraft manufacturers, including Boeing Company, Airbus SE and Bell Helicopter, are engaged in active eVTOL development initiatives. Major aircraft suppliers, including GE Aviation, Raytheon Technologies Inc., Honeywell International and Rolls Royce PLC, are significantly investing in eVTOL-related technologies, such as electric motors and hybrid-electric powertrain components. Furthermore, automotive behemoths, including Toyota, Hyundai and Daimler AG, have invested in and are collaborating on the development of their own eVTOL projects.
Recently in 2024, Toyota allocated around US$ 400 million to Joby Aviation, an eVTOL company. Additionally, composite material producers like Hexcel and Toray Advanced Composites are collaborating with original equipment manufacturers on sophisticated lightweight materials utilized in many components of vertical take-off and landing aircraft. Consequently, substantial expenditures from diverse sectors are expected to enhance the growth of the eVTOL aircraft market.
Sustainable and Quiet Air Travel
Concerns over clean energy and climate change are intensifying due to increasing CO2 emissions, largely attributed to population expansion, as highlighted in the current Energy Information Administration International (EIA) Energy Report. The Air Transport Action Group (ATAG) emphasizes that aviation accounts for around 2% of global CO2 emissions and has pledged to reduce these emissions by 50% by 2050. Innovations like hybrid and electric hydrogen eVTOL (electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing) aircraft are essential for shifting from fossil fuels to sustainable aviation fuel.
eVTOLs provide environmentally friendly and quieter transportation options, featuring zero emissions during electric propulsion and diminished noise relative to conventional aircraft, so addressing environmental and public apprehensions. This combined benefit is enhancing worldwide backing for sustainable aircraft technologies.
eVTOL manufacturers are utilizing sustainable aviation fuels and sophisticated noise models created by the FAA, NASA and US Department of Defense to comply with rigorous environmental regulations. Prominent corporations are innovating low-emission and noise-reduction solutions. Airbus's CityBus Next GEN aircraft demonstrates innovations with its quieter, zero-emission eVTOL design, establishing new standards for sustainable air transport.
Safety Concerns
In eVTOL aircraft, attaining the optimal equilibrium of dimensions, mass and power is essential. These aircraft necessitate energy-dense batteries to fulfill substantial power requirements during takeoff, landing and flight in crosswinds, while maintaining compactness and lightness. Nevertheless, augmenting the quantity of rechargeable batteries to enhance power density concurrently elevates the payload and thermal output. High-capacity, rapid-charging batteries can generate substantial thermal emissions, reaching up to 100 kilowatts, posing risks of overheating, malfunction or potential accidents.
Battery safety is a critical issue, as overcharging or voltage surges can result in thermal runaway, cell deterioration and fires, jeopardizing aircraft reliability and passenger safety. The incident involving Lilium GmbH's loss of its Phoenix demonstration in a recent ground fire highlights the necessity of stringent fire protection protocols, particularly during battery installation and maintenance.
The global eVTOL market is segmented based on lift technology, propulsion, system, mode of operation, range, maximum take-off weight (MTOW), application and region.
Efficiency, Versatility and Market Impact of Vectored Thrust
Vectored thrust eVTOLs employ a combination of fixed wings and rotors or fans that can be directed to provide both vertical lift and forward propulsion. This design facilitates efficient cruise flight and improved maneuverability. Vectored thrust systems may exhibit increased complexity; yet, they provide benefits for performance and range. The Archer Aviation Maker exemplifies a vectored thrust electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft.
Vectored thrust, as an EVTOL lift technique, holds the predominant market share owing to its remarkable attributes. Its capacity to alter the direction of propulsive power improves maneuverability, rendering it suitable for various applications in the urban air mobility industry. It provides enhanced stability and versatility through meticulous control during takeoff, landing and hovering. Moreover, its demonstrated efficacy and recognized application in traditional aircraft instill confidence in makers and operators, reinforcing its market supremacy.
Regulatory Support and Sustainable Urban Mobility in Europe
Europe's strategy for the eVTOL aircraft market is bolstered by robust regulatory backing, emphasizing safety and environmental sustainability as its core principles. The region's established aerospace sector is progressing in eVTOL technology, supported by definitive and favorable regulations from the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). European cities, recognized for their dedication to minimizing urban traffic and endorsing sustainable transportation options, provide optimal conditions for the integration of eVTOL aircraft, thereby preparing the industry for significant expansion.
The eVTOL aircraft market in UK is anticipated to expand significantly due to the plan aimed at attaining net-zero emissions by 2050, which encompasses the advancement of zero-emissions air transport, including eVTOL aircraft, to transform urban mobility. The eVTOL aircraft industry in Germany is projected to have substantial growth between 2024 and 2030. Germany's strong automotive and engineering industries are crucial in advancing eVTOL aircraft technology and infrastructure, facilitating market expansion.
The major global players in the market include Kitty Hawk, Lilium, Ehang, Volocopter GmbH, Beta Technologies, Joby Aviation, Urban Aeronautics Ltd., Airbus SE, Elbit Systems Ltd. and Bell Textron, Inc.
Sustainability Analysis
The eVTOL market is leading a sustainability revolution in aviation, emphasizing the decarbonization of conventional aerospace technologies and the development of innovative, eco-friendly operational models. The aviation sector contributes roughly 2% of global carbon emissions and eVTOL technology presents a viable solution through carbon-neutral aircraft intended for urban air mobility (UAM) and advanced air mobility (AAM).
These aircraft seek to mitigate urban congestion, diminish noise pollution and provide more environmentally friendly options for passenger and cargo transport. The realization of this ambition hinges on the establishment of enabling infrastructure, including vertiports and charging stations, as well as securing public approval through collaborative and efficient design.
Substantial obstacles remain, notably governmental authorization for autonomous operations and the incorporation of automated traffic management systems. The market features more than 300 start-ups and significant investment, with certain companies valued above US$ 1 billion; nonetheless, the development of scalable infrastructure and the management of public and regulatory issues will dictate the rate of adoption.
Initial uses are anticipated to concentrate on package delivery, with passenger flights progressively becoming feasible. The eVTOL market signifies a pivotal advancement towards a sustainable aviation framework; yet, its enduring success will depend on technological innovation, smart partnerships and broad urban acceptability.
Technological Advancement
The eVTOL market has had substantial progress, with several businesses advancing in technology, certification and collaborations. Joby Aviation is advancing its eVTOL prototype, including six electric motors, a maximum speed of 320 km/h and minimal noise emissions, with testing expected to conclude in 2024, having the US Air Force as a launch customer.
Volocopter aims to launch its commercial air taxi service during the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, emphasizing air rescue capabilities with its VoloCity multicopter. Archer Aviation has collaborated with the US Air Force and United Airlines to introduce their "Midnight" aircraft, intended for passenger transport between major airports, while Beta Technologies is developing the ALIA-250 eVTOL, aiming for certification by 2026 for both cargo and passenger transport.
Moreover, foreign entities such as EHang and Wisk Aero are pioneering advancements in autonomous and self-operating air taxis. EHang's EH216-S obtained type approval in China, signifying a significant advancement in autonomous passenger transportation. Concurrently, Wisk Aero, supported by Boeing, is concentrating on fully electric, unmanned aerial taxis.
Companies such as Elroy Air are broadening their focus by creating hybrid-electric drones for cargo transportation, while Lilium is advancing its e-jet, with the objective of linking cities through regional air mobility. The eVTOL sector is positioned for swift expansion due to varied technological innovations and collaborations, utilizing electric propulsion, autonomous systems and urban air transportation solutions.
By Maximum Take-off Weight (MTOW)
The global eVTOL market report would provide approximately 94 tables, 97 figures and 214 pages.
Target Audience 2024
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