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日本驅逐艦市場 - 2024 - 2031Japan Destroyer Market - 2024 - 2031 |
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日本驅逐艦市場2023年達17億美元,預計2031年將達24億美元,2024-2031年預測期間複合年成長率為4.40%。
在新興技術、不斷變化的地緣政治動態以及增強作戰能力的需求的推動下,日本驅逐艦市場正在迅速發展。幾個關鍵趨勢正在塑造這個市場,凸顯了日本對維持強大且技術先進的海上防禦的重視。
鑑於來自北韓和中國的地區威脅,飛彈防禦仍然是日本驅逐艦的關鍵關注點。將宙斯盾作戰系統和 SM-3 Block IIA 飛彈整合到艦隊中,體現了日本致力於建造強大的飛彈防禦系統。例如,日本正在建造新的配備宙斯盾的驅逐艦,以取代取消的宙斯盾岸上計劃,反映出其對移動海基防禦解決方案的重視。
此外,日本的現代驅逐艦擴大被設計為執行多種任務,包括防空戰(AAW)、反潛戰(ASW)和反水面戰(ASuW)。日本海上自衛隊委託建造的瑪雅級驅逐艦體現了這一趨勢,配備宙斯盾彈道飛彈防禦系統以及先進的雷達和聲納技術。這種多功能性確保驅逐艦能夠應對從飛彈威脅到海軍交戰等各種安全挑戰。
此外,環境問題和運作效率正在推動新型驅逐艦採用混合動力推進系統。這些系統將燃氣渦輪機和電力推進相結合,以提高燃油效率並減少排放。此類綠色技術的發展符合日本更廣泛的環境承諾,同時提高了其海軍資產的作戰範圍和永續性。
最後,日本不斷增加的國防預算使其能夠採購更先進的驅逐艦並對現有驅逐艦進行升級。日本的國防開支一度目標是佔GDP的1%以下。日本首相岸田文雄政府在2022 會計年度提出的第一份預算總額為5.1 兆日元,與該政策一致,但2023 會計年度的預算增至6.6 兆日元,並在2023 會計年度又增加了兆日圓,達到7.7 兆日圓。
司機
地緣政治緊張局勢和國家安全擔憂
日本的地緣政治環境,特別是印太地區的地緣政治環境,推動了對先進驅逐艦的需求。例如,斯德哥爾摩國際和平研究所 (SIPRI) 估計,截至 2022 年 1 月,北韓擁有約 20 件核武和足夠用於 45 至 55 個核裝置的裂變材料。已進行六次核子試驗,爆炸當量從第一次試驗的少於1千噸穩定增加到第六次試驗的160噸。
此外,在東亞,力量平衡正迅速轉向有利於中國的方向。 SIPRI的數據顯示,2013年至2022年間,美國國防開支成長了2.7%,而同期中國國防開支卻飆升了63%。從絕對值來看,美國仍位居全球第一,2022 年支出為 8,770 億美元,而中國則以 2,920 億美元排名第二。然而,必須指出的是,雖然美國軍隊致力於全球,但中國軍隊只參與地區性事務。
此外,日本也決定增加國防開支。然而,考慮到現在做出的兩個戰區承諾,日本和美國對韓國防禦的安全承諾未來可能會減少。日本已經將注意力從朝鮮半島轉向台灣海峽。因此,上述因素有助於推動市場成長。
政府國防政策與預算
日本政府的國防政策和預算是驅逐艦市場的關鍵驅動力,反映了該國在區域緊張局勢中加強海上安全的承諾。日本政府根據其國防計劃指南(NDPG)和中期防衛計劃(MTDP),優先考慮海軍現代化,以應對印度-太平洋地區新出現的威脅。這些政策強調透過撥出大量資金來採購和升級具有先進能力的驅逐艦來加強日本自衛隊(SDF),特別是海上自衛隊(JMSDF)。
例如,日本計劃在2023年開始建造兩艘驅逐艦,即宙斯盾系統裝備艦(ASEV),分別於2024會計年度和2025會計年度開始建造,並於2027年和2028年投入使用。美元2024 會計年度為驅逐艦提供的資金為日圓或 26 億美元。這筆金額比日本經濟部在 2024 會計年度 8 月預算請求中尋求的 3,797 億日圓(26.4 億美元)略有減少。
此外,2024年,日本防衛省正式簽署了生產兩艘配備宙斯盾空戰戰鬥管理系統的新建海軍驅逐艦的合約。這些新船被稱為宙斯盾系統裝備船(ASEV),計劃於 2027 年和 2028 年投入使用。
日本國防部為這兩艘船花費了2,721 億日元(18.9 億美元),第一份合約以1,397 億日圓的價格授予了三菱重工(MHI),第二份合約則授予了日本海洋聯合公司(Japan Marine United Corp.)。三菱重工將於 2027 年交付該船,日本海事公司將於一年後交付該船。因此,日本政府的國防政策和不斷增加的預算透過採購、現代化和尖端技術的整合直接推動驅逐艦市場。
限制
開發和維護成本高
先進驅逐艦的開發、採購和維護成本高昂,嚴重限制了日本驅逐艦市場的成長。由於其尖端技術、複雜系統和特殊要求,這些艦艇是海軍艦隊中最昂貴的資產之一。例如,配備宙斯盾彈道飛彈防禦系統的瑪雅級驅逐艦每艘造價約為 1,730 億日圓(16 億美元)。如此大量的前期投資限制了在給定預算週期內可以生產的船數量。
此外,持續的營運和維護費用進一步加劇了財務資源的緊張。相控陣雷達、飛彈攔截器和隱形技術等先進系統需要定期升級和專業人員維護。人工智慧和網路安全措施的使用增加又增加了一層成本,因為這些系統必須不斷更新才能有效應對不斷變化的威脅。因此,高昂的開發和維護成本限制了日本驅逐艦市場的規模和步伐。
Japan's Destroyer Market reached US$ 1.7 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach US$ 2.4 billion by 2031, growing with a CAGR of 4.40% during the forecast period 2024-2031.
The Japan destroyer market is evolving rapidly, driven by emerging technologies, changing geopolitical dynamics and the need for enhanced operational capabilities. Several key trends are shaping this market, highlighting Japan's focus on maintaining a robust and technologically advanced maritime defense.
Missile defense remains a critical focus for Japan's destroyers, given regional threats from North Korea and China. The integration of the Aegis Combat System and SM-3 Block IIA missiles into the fleet showcases Japan's commitment to building a robust missile shield. For instance, Japan is constructing new Aegis-equipped destroyers to replace the canceled Aegis Ashore program, reflecting its emphasis on mobile, sea-based defense solutions.
In addition, modern destroyers in Japan are increasingly designed to perform multiple roles, including anti-air warfare (AAW), anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and anti-surface warfare (ASuW). The Maya-class destroyers, commissioned by the JMSDF, exemplify this trend, featuring the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense system alongside advanced radar and sonar technologies. This versatility ensures that destroyers can address diverse security challenges, from missile threats to naval engagements.
Moreover, environmental concerns and operational efficiency are driving the adoption of hybrid propulsion systems in new destroyers. These systems combine gas turbines and electric propulsion to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. The development of such green technologies aligns with Japan's broader environmental commitments while improving the operational range and sustainability of its naval assets.
Finally, Japan's increasing defense budget is enabling the procurement of more advanced destroyers and upgrades to existing ones. Japan's defense expenditures were once targeted at 1% of GDP or less. The first budget proposed by the administration of Prime Minister Kishida Fumio in fiscal 2022 totaled ¥5.1 trillion, in line with that policy, but for fiscal 2023 the budget rose to ¥6.6 trillion and it climbed by another trillion to ¥7.7 trillion in the fiscal 2024 budget.
Drivers
Geopolitical Tensions and National Security Concerns
Japan's geopolitical environment, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region, drives the need for advanced destroyers. For instance, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) estimates that North Korea possessed approximately 20 nuclear weapons and sufficient fissile material for 45 to 55 nuclear devices as of January 2022. In the 12 years following its first detonation test in 2006, North Korea has conducted six nuclear tests, with explosion yield increasing steadily from less than 1 kiloton in the first test to 160 kilotons in the sixth test.
In addition, in East Asia, the balance of power has been shifting rapidly in favor of China. According to SIPRI, while US defense expenditures increased by 2.7% between 2013 and 2022, China's defense spending soared by 63 percent in the same period. In absolute terms, US remained in first place globally, spending US$ 877 billion in 2022, while China was in second place at US$ 292 billion. However, it must be noted that while US military is globally committed, the Chinese military is only regionally engaged.
Moreover, Japan has decided to spend more on defense. However, given the two-theater commitment that it now makes, the security commitments that Japan-and US-can make to the defense of South Korea will likely decline in the future. Japan is already shifting its attention away from the Korean Peninsula toward the Taiwan Strait. Thus, above factors helps to boost the market growth.
Government Defense Policies and Budgets
Japan's government defense policies and budgets are critical drivers of the destroyer market, reflecting the nation's commitment to enhancing maritime security amidst regional tensions. The Japanese government, under its National Defense Program Guidelines (NDPG) and the Medium-Term Defense Program (MTDP), prioritizes naval modernization to counter emerging threats in the Indo-Pacific. The policies emphasize strengthening Japan's Self-Defense Forces (SDF), particularly its Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF), by allocating significant funds to procure and upgrade destroyers with advanced capabilities.
For instance, in 2023, Japan plans to begin the construction of the two destroyers, known as the Aegis System Equipped Vessels (ASEV), in Fiscal Year 2024 and FY 2025, respectively, with commissionings in 2027 and 2028. Japan will spend 373.1 billion yen or US$ 2.6 billion, in FY 2024 funding for the destroyers. That amount is a slight reduction from the 379.7 billion yen or US$ 2.64 billion, that the Ministry sought in its August FY 2024 budget request.
In addition, in 2024, Japan's Ministry of Defense (MoD) formally inked contracts for the production of two new-build naval destroyers being equipped with the AEGIS air warfare battle management system. The new vessels - referred to as Aegis System Equipped Vessels (ASEVs) - are planned for commissioning in 2027 and 2028.
The Japanese MoD is spending JPY272.1 billion (US$ 1.89 billion) for the two vessels, with the first contract awarded to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) at the cost of JPY139.7 billion and the second going to Japan Marine United Corp. for JPY132.4 billion. MHI will deliver its vessel in 2027, with Japan Marine's following a year later. Therefore, Japan's government defense policies and increasing budgets directly drive the destroyer market by enabling procurement, modernization and the integration of cutting-edge technologies.
Restraints
High Costs of Development and Maintenance
The high costs associated with the development, procurement and maintenance of advanced destroyers significantly restrain the growth of the Japan destroyer market. The vessels are among the most expensive assets in a naval fleet due to their cutting-edge technology, complex systems and specialized requirements. For instance, the Maya-class destroyers, equipped with the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense system, cost approximately ¥173 billion (US$ 1.6 billion) each. Such substantial upfront investment limits the number of ships that can be produced within a given budget cycle.
Additionally, the ongoing operational and maintenance expenses further strain financial resources. Advanced systems like phased-array radars, missile interceptors and stealth technologies require regular upgrades and specialized personnel for upkeep. The increasing use of artificial intelligence and cybersecurity measures adds another layer of cost, as these systems must be continually updated to remain effective against evolving threats. Therefore, the high costs of development and maintenance constrain the scale and pace of the Japan destroyer market.
The Japan destroyer market is segmented based on type, propulsion system, technology and end-user.
Demand for Propulsion System Drives the Segment Growth
The Nuclear-Powered Destroyers segment is expected to dominate with over 35% of the market during the forecast period 2024-2031. The potential adoption of nuclear-powered destroyers represents a transformative development in Japan's naval capabilities, driving market growth by addressing critical operational and strategic needs.
Nuclear-powered destroyers offer unparalleled advantages in endurance, speed and operational range, making them ideal for long-term deployments and missions in contested waters. This capability aligns with Japan's focus on countering regional threats, such as China's expanding naval presence in the Indo-Pacific and securing critical maritime trade routes.
Although Japan currently operates conventionally powered destroyers, discussions about nuclear propulsion technology have gained attention as part of the broader defense modernization agenda. The operational benefits of nuclear-powered vessels, such as reduced refueling needs and enhanced power capacity for advanced weapons and sensors, are driving interest. For instance, integrating nuclear propulsion could support high-energy systems like directed-energy weapons or advanced radar, crucial for countering hypersonic missiles-a growing concern in the region.
The major global players in the Japan Destroyer market include General Dynamics, BAE Systems, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Lockheed Martin, Navantia, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Rolls-Royce, Thales Group, Northrop Grumman and Fincantieri.
The Japan destroyer market report would provide approximately 45 tables, 33 figures and 201 pages.
Target Audience 2024
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