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有機氟化合物(PFAS)·PFAS替代品·PFAS處理的全球市場(2025年～2035年)
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1617246

有機氟化合物(PFAS)·PFAS替代品·PFAS處理的全球市場(2025年～2035年)

The Global Market for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), PFAS Alternatives and PFAS Treatment 2025-2035
出版日期: | 出版商: Future Markets, Inc. | 英文 345 Pages, 122 Tables, 20 Figures | 訂單完成後即時交付

價格

如今，PFAS 材料仍然具有重要意義，其應用範圍從防水塗料到半導體、紡織、食品包裝、電子和汽車等多個行業關鍵技術的高性能材料。市場動態受到區域監管框架的顯著影響，尤其是在歐洲和北美，嚴格的監管正在加速傳統 PFAS 的轉型。半導體產業是一個重要的用例，其中 PFAS 對於先進的製造流程仍然至關重要，但正在努力開發替代品。同樣，汽車和電子產業在積極尋求替代品的同時，在某些應用中繼續依賴 PFAS。

PFAS 替代品市場正在快速成長，多個領域湧現出創新解決方案。其中包括矽基材料、碳氫化合物技術、生物基替代品和新型聚合物系統。在消費者意識和監管要求的推動下，紡織和食品包裝行業正在引領不含 PFAS 的替代品的轉變。然而，技術性能差距和成本考量仍然是許多應用面臨的重大課題。 PFAS 處理和修復技術是一個不斷成長的細分市場，其驅動力是解決環境污染的問題。目前的技術包括高級氧化製程、薄膜過濾、吸附系統和新型破壞處理技術。尤其是水處理產業對 PFAS 去除技術的投資非常大。

預計到 2035 年市場將發生重大變化。預計傳統 PFAS 在非必要應用中的使用將大幅下降，而替代品市場預計將呈現強勁成長。在半導體和醫療設備等尚無替代品的關鍵產業中，某些 PFAS 的用途可以保留，但要加強控制和遏制措施。

由於更嚴格的環境法規和日益增加的補救要求，處理技術市場預計將大幅擴張。預計處理方法（特別是破壞技術和生物友善方法）的技術創新將會加速，從而產生更具成本效益和效率的解決方案。產業面臨的主要課題包括開發在關鍵應用中能夠匹配 PFAS 性能的替代品、管理轉換成本以及確保有效的處理方案。市場前景因地區和應用而異，已開發市場引領替代轉變，而新興市場可能會繼續在某些應用中使用 PFAS。在這個不斷發展的市場中取得成功將取決於技術創新、遵守法規的能力以及平衡性能要求和環境考慮的能力。能夠有效應對這些課題並開發永續解決方案的公司很可能在替代和加工技術方面抓住巨大的市場機會。

產業的未來將受到持續的監管變革、技術進步和對永續解決方案的關注的影響，從而到 2035 年實現市場格局轉變，特點是減少 PFAS 的使用、廣泛採用替代品和擁有先進的加工能力。

本報告提供全球有機氟化合物(PFAS)·PFAS替代品·PFAS處理市場相關調查分析，市場趨勢，法規的影響，產業形成的技術開發相關策略性的知識和見識。

目錄

第1章 摘要整理

  • PFAS的簡介
  • PFAS定義和概要
  • PFAS的類型
  • PFAS的特性與用途
  • 環境和健康的擔憂
  • PFAS替代品
  • 分析技術
  • 製造/處理/進口/出口
  • 貯存/廢棄/處理/淨化
  • 水質管理
  • 替代技術和供應鏈

第2章 全球法規形勢

  • PFAS法規的擴大的影響
  • 國際協定
  • 歐洲聯盟的法規
  • 美國的法規
  • 亞洲的法規
  • 全球法規的趨勢與預測

第3章 特定產業的PFAS的使用

  • 半導體
  • 紡織品·服飾
  • 食品包裝
  • 油漆和塗料
  • 離子交換薄膜
  • 除去能源(燃料電池)
  • 面向5G低損失材料
  • 化妝品
  • 消防泡
  • 汽車
  • 電子
  • 醫療設備
  • 綠色氫

第4章 PFAS替代品

  • PFAS自由離型劑
  • 非氟系界面活性劑，分散劑
  • PFAS自由防水、防油材料
  • 氟自由鼓槌液表面
  • PFAS自由無色透明聚醯亞胺

第5章 PFAS的分解和消除

  • 目前分解並移除 PFAS 的方法
  • 對生物和善的方法
  • 企業

第6章 PFAS處理

  • 簡介
  • PFAS的環境污染的途徑
  • 規則
  • PFAS水處理
  • PFAS固態物處理
  • 企業

第7章 市場分析與未來預測

  • 當前市場規模與細分
  • 監理對市場動態的影響
  • 新趨勢與機遇
  • PFAS 替代品面臨的課題與障礙
  • 未來市場預測

第8章 企業簡介(企業49公司的簡介)

第9章 調查手法

第10章 參考文獻

Currently, PFAS materials remain crucial in various industries including semiconductors, textiles, food packaging, electronics, and automotive sectors, with applications ranging from water-repellent coatings to high-performance materials for critical technologies. Market dynamics are heavily influenced by regional regulatory frameworks, particularly in Europe and North America, where stringent regulations are accelerating the transition away from traditional PFAS. The semiconductor industry represents a critical use case, where PFAS remains essential for advanced manufacturing processes, though efforts are underway to develop alternatives. Similarly, the automotive and electronics sectors continue to rely on PFAS for specific applications while actively pursuing substitutes.

The PFAS alternatives market is experiencing rapid growth, with innovative solutions emerging across multiple sectors. These include silicon-based materials, hydrocarbon technologies, bio-based alternatives, and novel polymer systems. The textiles and food packaging industries are leading the transition to PFAS-free alternatives, driven by consumer awareness and regulatory requirements. However, technical performance gaps and cost considerations remain significant challenges in many applications. PFAS treatment and remediation technologies represent a growing market segment, driven by the need to address environmental contamination. Current technologies include advanced oxidation processes, membrane filtration, adsorption systems, and emerging destruction technologies. The water treatment sector, in particular, is seeing significant investment in PFAS removal technologies.

Looking toward 2035, the market is expected to undergo substantial changes. Traditional PFAS usage is projected to decline significantly in non-essential applications, while the alternatives market is forecast to experience robust growth. Critical industries like semiconductors and medical devices may retain specific PFAS applications where alternatives are not yet viable, but with enhanced controls and containment measures.

The treatment technologies market is expected to expand considerably, driven by stricter environmental regulations and growing remediation requirements. Innovation in treatment methods, particularly in destruction technologies and bio-friendly approaches, is likely to accelerate, leading to more cost-effective and efficient solutions. Key challenges for the industry include developing alternatives that match PFAS performance in critical applications, managing transition costs, and ensuring effective treatment solutions. The market outlook varies significantly by region and application, with developed markets leading the transition to alternatives while emerging markets may continue PFAS use in certain applications. Success in this evolving market will depend on technological innovation, regulatory compliance capabilities, and the ability to balance performance requirements with environmental considerations. Companies that can effectively navigate these challenges while developing sustainable solutions are likely to capture significant market opportunities in both alternatives and treatment technologies.

The industry's future will be shaped by continued regulatory evolution, technological advancement, and growing emphasis on sustainable solutions, leading to a transformed market landscape by 2035 characterized by reduced PFAS usage, widespread adoption of alternatives, and advanced treatment capabilities.

"The Global Market for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), PFAS Alternatives and PFAS Treatment 2025-2035" provides an in-depth analysis of the global PFAS sector, including detailed examination of emerging PFAS alternatives and treatment technologies. The study offers strategic insights into market trends, regulatory impacts, and technological developments shaping the industry through 2035.

The report covers critical market segments including:

  • Traditional PFAS materials and applications
  • PFAS alternatives across multiple industries
  • PFAS treatment and remediation technologies
  • Industry-specific usage and transition strategies
  • Regulatory compliance and future outlook

Key industry verticals analyzed include:

  • Semiconductors and electronics
  • Textiles and clothing
  • Food packaging
  • Paints and coatings
  • Ion exchange membranes
  • Energy storage and conversion
  • Low-loss materials for 5G
  • Automotive and transportation
  • Medical devices
  • Firefighting foams
  • Cosmetics and personal care

The study provides detailed analysis of PFAS alternatives and substitutes, including:

  • Non-fluorinated surfactants
  • Bio-based materials
  • Silicon-based alternatives
  • Hydrocarbon technologies
  • Novel polymer systems
  • Green chemistry solutions
  • Emerging sustainable materials

Comprehensive coverage of PFAS treatment technologies encompasses:

  • Water treatment methods
  • Soil remediation
  • Destruction technologies
  • Bio-friendly approaches
  • Advanced oxidation processes
  • Membrane filtration
  • Adsorption technologies

The report examines key market drivers including:

  • Increasing regulatory pressure
  • Growing environmental concerns
  • Consumer awareness
  • Industry sustainability initiatives
  • Technological advancement
  • Cost considerations
  • Performance requirements

Market challenges addressed include:

  • Technical performance gaps
  • Implementation costs
  • Regulatory compliance
  • Supply chain transitions
  • Industry-specific requirements
  • Environmental impacts
  • Treatment effectiveness

The study provides detailed market data and forecasts:

  • Market size and growth projections
  • Regional market analysis
  • Industry segment breakdown
  • Technology adoption rates
  • Investment trends
  • Cost comparisons
  • Market opportunities

Regulatory analysis covers:

  • Global regulatory landscape
  • Regional compliance requirements
  • Industry-specific regulations
  • Future regulatory trends
  • Implementation timelines
  • Enforcement mechanisms
  • Policy impacts

The report includes over 500 company profiles and competitive analysis covering:

  • PFAS manufacturers
  • Alternative material developers
  • Treatment technology providers
  • Industry end-users
  • Research organizations
  • Technology start-ups

Companies profiled in-depth include include: Allonia, Aquagga, Cambiotics, CoreWater Technologies, Greenitio, Impermea Materials, InEnTec, Ionomr Innovations, Kemira, Lummus Technology, NovoMOF, Oxyle, Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., Puraffinity, Revive Environmental, Veolia, Xyle and many more...

Technical assessment includes:

  • Material properties and performance
  • Application requirements
  • Processing technologies
  • Testing and validation
  • Environmental impact
  • Cost-effectiveness
  • Implementation challenges

Special focus areas include:

  • Green chemistry innovations
  • Circular economy approaches
  • Digital technologies
  • Sustainable alternatives
  • Treatment effectiveness
  • Cost optimization
  • Performance validation

Strategic insights provided:

  • Market entry strategies
  • Technology selection
  • Risk assessment
  • Investment planning
  • Regulatory compliance
  • Supply chain optimization
  • Future scenarios

This essential intelligence resource provides decision-makers with comprehensive data and analysis to navigate the complex PFAS landscape and capitalize on emerging opportunities in alternatives and treatment technologies. The report helps stakeholders understand market dynamics, assess competitive threats, and develop effective strategies for PFAS transition and compliance. The analysis is based on extensive primary research including:

  • Industry interviews
  • Technology assessment
  • Patent analysis
  • Regulatory review
  • Market surveys
  • Performance testing
  • Cost analysis

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 1.1. Introduction to PFAS
  • 1.2. Definition and Overview of PFAS
    • 1.2.1. Chemical Structure and Properties
    • 1.2.2. Historical Development and Use
  • 1.3. Types of PFAS
    • 1.3.1. Non-polymeric PFAS
      • 1.3.1.1. Long-Chain PFAS
      • 1.3.1.2. Short-Chain PFAS
      • 1.3.1.3. Other non-polymeric PFAS
    • 1.3.2. Polymeric PFAS
      • 1.3.2.1. Fluoropolymers (FPs)
      • 1.3.2.2. Side-chain fluorinated polymers:
      • 1.3.2.3. Perfluoropolyethers
  • 1.4. Properties and Applications of PFAS
    • 1.4.1. Water and Oil Repellency
    • 1.4.2. Thermal and Chemical Stability
    • 1.4.3. Surfactant Properties
    • 1.4.4. Low Friction
    • 1.4.5. Electrical Insulation
    • 1.4.6. Film-Forming Abilities
    • 1.4.7. Atmospheric Stability
  • 1.5. Environmental and Health Concerns
    • 1.5.1. Persistence in the Environment
    • 1.5.2. Bioaccumulation
    • 1.5.3. Toxicity and Health Effects
    • 1.5.4. Environmental Contamination
  • 1.6. PFAS Alternatives
  • 1.7. Analytical techniques
  • 1.8. Manufacturing/handling/import/export
  • 1.9. Storage/disposal/treatment/purification
  • 1.10. Water quality management
  • 1.11. Alternative technologies and supply chains

2. GLOBAL REGULATORY LANDSCAPE

  • 2.1. Impact of growing PFAS regulation
  • 2.2. International Agreements
  • 2.3. European Union Regulations
  • 2.4. United States Regulations
    • 2.4.1. Federal regulations
    • 2.4.2. State-Level Regulations
  • 2.5. Asian Regulations
    • 2.5.1. Japan
      • 2.5.1.1. Chemical Substances Control Law (CSCL)
      • 2.5.1.2. Water Quality Standards
    • 2.5.2. China
      • 2.5.2.1. List of New Contaminants Under Priority Control
      • 2.5.2.2. Catalog of Toxic Chemicals Under Severe Restrictions
      • 2.5.2.3. New Pollutants Control Action Plan
    • 2.5.3. Taiwan
      • 2.5.3.1. Toxic and Chemical Substances of Concern Act
    • 2.5.4. Australia and New Zealand
    • 2.5.5. Canada
    • 2.5.6. South Korea
  • 2.6. Global Regulatory Trends and Outlook

3. INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC PFAS USAGE

  • 3.1. Semiconductors
    • 3.1.1. Importance of PFAS
    • 3.1.2. Front-end processes
      • 3.1.2.1. Lithography
      • 3.1.2.2. Wet etching solutions
      • 3.1.2.3. Chiller coolants for dry etchers
      • 3.1.2.4. Piping and valves
    • 3.1.3. Back-end processes
      • 3.1.3.1. Interconnects and Packaging Materials
      • 3.1.3.2. Molding materials
      • 3.1.3.3. Die attach materials
      • 3.1.3.4. Interlayer film for package substrates
      • 3.1.3.5. Thermal management
    • 3.1.4. Product life cycle and impact of PFAS
      • 3.1.4.1. Manufacturing Stage (Raw Materials)
      • 3.1.4.2. Usage Stage (Semiconductor Factory)
      • 3.1.4.3. Disposal Stage
    • 3.1.5. Environmental and Human Health Impacts
    • 3.1.6. Regulatory Trends Related to Semiconductors
    • 3.1.7. Exemptions
    • 3.1.8. Future Regulatory Trends
    • 3.1.9. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.1.9.1. Alkyl Polyglucoside and Polyoxyethylene Surfactants
      • 3.1.9.2. Non-PFAS Etching Solutions
      • 3.1.9.3. PTFE-Free Sliding Materials
      • 3.1.9.4. Metal oxide-based materials
      • 3.1.9.5. Fluoropolymer Alternatives
      • 3.1.9.6. Silicone-based Materials
      • 3.1.9.7. Hydrocarbon-based Surfactants
      • 3.1.9.8. Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene
      • 3.1.9.9. Engineered Polymers
      • 3.1.9.10. Supercritical CO2 Technology
      • 3.1.9.11. Plasma Technologies
      • 3.1.9.12. Sol-Gel Materials
      • 3.1.9.13. Biodegradable Polymers
  • 3.2. Textiles and Clothing
    • 3.2.1. Overview
    • 3.2.2. PFAS in Water-Repellent Materials
    • 3.2.3. Stain-Resistant Treatments
    • 3.2.4. Regulatory Impact on Water-Repellent Clothing
    • 3.2.5. Industry Initiatives and Commitments
    • 3.2.6. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.2.6.1. Enhanced surface treatments
      • 3.2.6.2. Non-fluorinated treatments
      • 3.2.6.3. Biomimetic approaches
      • 3.2.6.4. Nano-structured surfaces
      • 3.2.6.5. Wax-based additives
      • 3.2.6.6. Plasma treatments
      • 3.2.6.7. Sol-gel coatings
      • 3.2.6.8. Superhydrophobic coatings
      • 3.2.6.9. Biodegradable Polymer Coatings
      • 3.2.6.10. Graphene-based Coatings
      • 3.2.6.11. Enzyme-based Treatments
      • 3.2.6.12. Companies
  • 3.3. Food Packaging
    • 3.3.1. Sustainable packaging
      • 3.3.1.1. PFAS in Grease-Resistant Packaging
      • 3.3.1.2. Other applications
      • 3.3.1.3. Regulatory Trends in Food Contact Materials
    • 3.3.2. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.3.2.1. Biobased materials
        • 3.3.2.1.1. Polylactic Acid (PLA)
        • 3.3.2.1.2. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
        • 3.3.2.1.3. Cellulose-based materials
          • 3.3.2.1.3.1. Nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC)
          • 3.3.2.1.3.2. Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
        • 3.3.2.1.4. Silicon-based Alternatives
        • 3.3.2.1.5. Natural Waxes and Resins
        • 3.3.2.1.6. Engineered Paper and Board
        • 3.3.2.1.7. Nanocomposites
        • 3.3.2.1.8. Plasma Treatments
        • 3.3.2.1.9. Biodegradable Polymer Blends
        • 3.3.2.1.10. Chemically Modified Natural Polymers
        • 3.3.2.1.11. Molded Fiber
      • 3.3.2.2. PFAS-free coatings for food packaging
        • 3.3.2.2.1. Silicone-based Coatings:
        • 3.3.2.2.2. Bio-based Barrier Coatings
        • 3.3.2.2.3. Nanocellulose Coatings
        • 3.3.2.2.4. Superhydrophobic and Omniphobic Coatings
        • 3.3.2.2.5. Clay-based Nanocomposite Coatings
        • 3.3.2.2.6. Coated Papers
      • 3.3.2.3. Companies
  • 3.4. Paints and Coatings
    • 3.4.1. Overview
    • 3.4.2. Applications
    • 3.4.3. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.4.3.1. Silicon-Based Alternatives:
      • 3.4.3.2. Hydrocarbon-Based Alternatives:
      • 3.4.3.3. Nanomaterials
      • 3.4.3.4. Plasma-Based Surface Treatments
      • 3.4.3.5. Inorganic Alternatives
      • 3.4.3.6. Bio-based Polymers:
      • 3.4.3.7. Dendritic Polymers
      • 3.4.3.8. Zwitterionic Polymers
      • 3.4.3.9. Graphene-based Coatings
      • 3.4.3.10. Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Coatings
      • 3.4.3.11. Companies
  • 3.5. Ion Exchange membranes
    • 3.5.1. Overview
      • 3.5.1.1. PFAS in Ion Exchange Membranes
    • 3.5.2. Proton Exchange Membranes
      • 3.5.2.1. Overview
      • 3.5.2.2. Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers (PEMELs)
      • 3.5.2.3. Membrane Degradation
      • 3.5.2.4. Nafion
      • 3.5.2.5. Membrane electrode assembly (MEA)
    • 3.5.3. Manufacturing PFSA Membranes
    • 3.5.4. Enhancing PFSA Membranes
    • 3.5.5. Commercial PFSA membranes
    • 3.5.6. Catalyst Coated Membranes
      • 3.5.6.1. Alternatives to PFAS
    • 3.5.7. Membranes in Redox Flow Batteries
      • 3.5.7.1. Alternative Materials for RFB Membranes
    • 3.5.8. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.5.8.1. Alternative Polymer Materials
      • 3.5.8.2. Anion Exchange Membrane Technology (AEM) fuel cells
      • 3.5.8.3. Nanocellulose
      • 3.5.8.4. Boron-containing membranes
      • 3.5.8.5. Hydrocarbon-based membranes
      • 3.5.8.6. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
        • 3.5.8.6.1. MOF Composite Membranes
      • 3.5.8.7. Graphene
      • 3.5.8.8. Companies
  • 3.6. Energy (excluding fuel cells)
    • 3.6.1. Overview
    • 3.6.2. Solar Panels
    • 3.6.3. Wind Turbines
      • 3.6.3.1. Blade Coatings
      • 3.6.3.2. Lubricants and Greases
      • 3.6.3.3. Electrical and Electronic Components
      • 3.6.3.4. Seals and Gaskets
    • 3.6.4. Lithium-Ion Batteries
      • 3.6.4.1. Electrode Binders
      • 3.6.4.2. Electrolyte Additives
      • 3.6.4.3. Separator Coatings
      • 3.6.4.4. Current Collector Coatings
      • 3.6.4.5. Gaskets and Seals
      • 3.6.4.6. Fluorinated Solvents in Electrode Manufacturing
      • 3.6.4.7. Surface Treatments
    • 3.6.5. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.6.5.1. Solar
        • 3.6.5.1.1. Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Encapsulants
        • 3.6.5.1.2. Polyolefin Encapsulants
        • 3.6.5.1.3. Glass-Glass Module Design
        • 3.6.5.1.4. Bio-based Backsheets
      • 3.6.5.2. Wind Turbines
        • 3.6.5.2.1. Silicone-Based Coatings
        • 3.6.5.2.2. Nanocoatings
        • 3.6.5.2.3. Thermal De-icing Systems
        • 3.6.5.2.4. Polyurethane-Based Coatings
      • 3.6.5.3. Lithium-Ion Batteries
        • 3.6.5.3.1. Water-Soluble Binders
        • 3.6.5.3.2. Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) Based Binders
        • 3.6.5.3.3. Alginate-Based Binders
        • 3.6.5.3.4. Ionic Liquid Electrolytes
      • 3.6.5.4. Companies
  • 3.7. Low-loss materials for 5G
    • 3.7.1. Overview
      • 3.7.1.1. Organic PCB materials for 5G
    • 3.7.2. PTFE in 5G
      • 3.7.2.1. Properties
      • 3.7.2.2. PTFE-Based Laminates
      • 3.7.2.3. Regulations
      • 3.7.2.4. Commercial low-loss
    • 3.7.3. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.7.3.1. Liquid crystal polymers (LCP)
      • 3.7.3.2. Poly(p-phenylene ether) (PPE)
      • 3.7.3.3. Poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO)
      • 3.7.3.4. Hydrocarbon-based laminates
      • 3.7.3.5. Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC)
      • 3.7.3.6. Glass Substrates
  • 3.8. Cosmetics
    • 3.8.1. Overview
    • 3.8.2. Use in cosmetics
    • 3.8.3. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.8.3.1. Silicone-based Polymers
      • 3.8.3.2. Plant-based Waxes and Oils
      • 3.8.3.3. Naturally Derived Polymers
      • 3.8.3.4. Silica-based Materials
      • 3.8.3.5. Companies Developing PFAS Alternatives in Cosmetics
  • 3.9. Firefighting Foam
    • 3.9.1. Overview
    • 3.9.2. Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)
    • 3.9.3. Environmental Contamination from AFFF Use
    • 3.9.4. Regulatory Pressures and Phase-Out Initiatives
    • 3.9.5. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.9.5.1. Fluorine-Free Foams (F3)
      • 3.9.5.2. Siloxane-Based Foams
      • 3.9.5.3. Protein-Based Foams
      • 3.9.5.4. Synthetic Detergent Foams (Syndet)
      • 3.9.5.5. Compressed Air Foam Systems (CAFS)
  • 3.10. Automotive
    • 3.10.1. Overview
    • 3.10.2. PFAS in Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids
    • 3.10.3. Use in Fuel Systems and Engine Components
    • 3.10.4. Electric Vehicle
      • 3.10.4.1. PFAS in Electric Vehicles
      • 3.10.4.2. High-Voltage Cables
      • 3.10.4.3. Refrigerants
        • 3.10.4.3.1. Coolant Fluids in EVs
        • 3.10.4.3.2. Refrigerants for EVs
        • 3.10.4.3.3. Regulations
        • 3.10.4.3.4. PFAS-free Refrigerants
      • 3.10.4.4. Immersion Cooling for Li-ion Batteries
        • 3.10.4.4.1. Overview
        • 3.10.4.4.2. Single-phase Cooling
        • 3.10.4.4.3. Two-phase Cooling
        • 3.10.4.4.4. Companies
        • 3.10.4.4.5. PFAS-based Coolants in Immersion Cooling for EVs
    • 3.10.5. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.10.5.1. Lubricants and Greases
      • 3.10.5.2. Fuel System Components
      • 3.10.5.3. Surface Treatments and Coatings
      • 3.10.5.4. Gaskets and Seals
      • 3.10.5.5. Hydraulic Fluids
      • 3.10.5.6. Electrical and Electronic Components
      • 3.10.5.7. Paint and Coatings
      • 3.10.5.8. Windshield and Glass Treatments
  • 3.11. Electronics
    • 3.11.1. Overview
    • 3.11.2. PFAS in Printed Circuit Boards
    • 3.11.3. Cable and Wire Insulation
    • 3.11.4. Regulatory Challenges for Electronics Manufacturers
    • 3.11.5. Alternatives to PFAS
      • 3.11.5.1. Wires and Cables
      • 3.11.5.2. Coating
      • 3.11.5.3. Electronic Components
      • 3.11.5.4. Sealing and Lubricants
      • 3.11.5.5. Cleaning
      • 3.11.5.6. Companies
  • 3.12. Medical Devices
    • 3.12.1. Overview
    • 3.12.2. PFAS in Implantable Devices
    • 3.12.3. Diagnostic Equipment Applications
    • 3.12.4. Balancing Safety and Performance in Regulations
    • 3.12.5. Alternatives to PFAS
  • 3.13. Green hydrogen
    • 3.13.1. Electrolyzers
    • 3.13.2. Alternatives to PFAS
    • 3.13.3. Economic implications

4. PFAS ALTERNATIVES

  • 4.1. PFAS-Free Release Agents
    • 4.1.1. Silicone-Based Alternatives
    • 4.1.2. Hydrocarbon-Based Solutions
    • 4.1.3. Performance Comparisons
  • 4.2. Non-Fluorinated Surfactants and Dispersants
    • 4.2.1. Bio-Based Surfactants
    • 4.2.2. Silicon-Based Surfactants
    • 4.2.3. Hydrocarbon-Based Surfactants
  • 4.3. PFAS-Free Water and Oil-Repellent Materials
    • 4.3.1. Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers
    • 4.3.2. PFA-Free Durable Water Repellent (DWR) Coatings
    • 4.3.3. Silicone-Based Repellents
    • 4.3.4. Nano-Structured Surfaces
  • 4.4. Fluorine-Free Liquid-Repellent Surfaces
    • 4.4.1. Superhydrophobic Coatings
    • 4.4.2. Omniphobic Surfaces
    • 4.4.3. Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS)
  • 4.5. PFAS-Free Colorless Transparent Polyimide
    • 4.5.1. Novel Polymer Structures
    • 4.5.2. Applications in Flexible Electronics

5. PFAS DEGRADATION AND ELIMINATION

  • 5.1. Current methods for PFAS degradation and elimination
  • 5.2. Bio-friendly methods
    • 5.2.1. Phytoremediation
    • 5.2.2. Microbial Degradation
    • 5.2.3. Enzyme-Based Degradation
    • 5.2.4. Mycoremediation
    • 5.2.5. Biochar Adsorption
    • 5.2.6. Green Oxidation Methods
    • 5.2.7. Bio-based Adsorbents
    • 5.2.8. Algae-Based Systems
  • 5.3. Companies

6. PFAS TREATMENT

  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Pathways for PFAS environmental contamination
  • 6.3. Regulations
    • 6.3.1. USA
    • 6.3.2. EU
    • 6.3.3. Rest of the World
  • 6.4. PFAS water treatment
    • 6.4.1. Introduction
    • 6.4.2. Applications
      • 6.4.2.1. Drinking water
      • 6.4.2.2. Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
      • 6.4.2.3. Landfill leachate
      • 6.4.2.4. Municipal wastewater treatment
      • 6.4.2.5. Industrial process and wastewater
      • 6.4.2.6. Sites with heavy PFAS contamination
      • 6.4.2.7. Point-of-use (POU) and point-of-entry (POE) filters and systems
    • 6.4.3. PFAS treatment approaches
    • 6.4.4. Traditional removal technologies
      • 6.4.4.1. Adsorption: granular activated carbon (GAC)
        • 6.4.4.1.1. Sources
        • 6.4.4.1.2. Short-chain PFAS compounds
        • 6.4.4.1.3. Reactivation
        • 6.4.4.1.4. PAC systems
      • 6.4.4.2. Adsorption: ion exchange resins (IER)
        • 6.4.4.2.1. Pre-treatment
        • 6.4.4.2.2. Resins
      • 6.4.4.3. Membrane filtration-reverse osmosis and nanofiltration
    • 6.4.5. Emerging removal technologies
      • 6.4.5.1. Foam fractionation and ozofractionation
        • 6.4.5.1.1. Polymeric sorbents
        • 6.4.5.1.2. Mineral-based sorbents
        • 6.4.5.1.3. Flocculation/coagulation
        • 6.4.5.1.4. Electrostatic coagulation/concentration
      • 6.4.5.2. Companies
    • 6.4.6. Destruction technologies
      • 6.4.6.1. PFAS waste management
      • 6.4.6.2. Landfilling of PFAS-containing waste
      • 6.4.6.3. Thermal treatment
      • 6.4.6.4. Liquid-phase PFAS destruction
      • 6.4.6.5. Electrochemical oxidation
      • 6.4.6.6. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO)
      • 6.4.6.7. Hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT)
      • 6.4.6.8. Plasma treatment
      • 6.4.6.9. Photocatalysis
      • 6.4.6.10. Sonochemical oxidation
      • 6.4.6.11. Challenges
      • 6.4.6.12. Companies
  • 6.5. PFAS Solids Treatment
    • 6.5.1. PFAS migration
    • 6.5.2. Soil washing (or soil scrubbing)
    • 6.5.3. Soil flushing
    • 6.5.4. Thermal desorption
    • 6.5.5. Phytoremediation
    • 6.5.6. In-situ immobilization
    • 6.5.7. Pyrolysis and gasification
    • 6.5.8. Plasma
    • 6.5.9. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO)
  • 6.6. Companies

7. MARKET ANALYSIS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK

  • 7.1. Current Market Size and Segmentation
    • 7.1.1. Global PFAS Market Overview
    • 7.1.2. Regional Market Analysis
      • 7.1.2.1. North America
      • 7.1.2.2. Europe
      • 7.1.2.3. Asia-Pacific
      • 7.1.2.4. Latin America
      • 7.1.2.5. Middle East and Africa
    • 7.1.3. Market Segmentation by Industry
      • 7.1.3.1. Textiles and Apparel
      • 7.1.3.2. Food Packaging
      • 7.1.3.3. Firefighting Foams
      • 7.1.3.4. Electronics & semiconductors
      • 7.1.3.5. Automotive
      • 7.1.3.6. Aerospace
      • 7.1.3.7. Construction
      • 7.1.3.8. Others
  • 7.2. Impact of Regulations on Market Dynamics
    • 7.2.1. Shift from Long-Chain to Short-Chain PFAS
    • 7.2.2. Growth in PFAS-Free Alternatives Market
    • 7.2.3. Regional Market Shifts Due to Regulatory Differences
  • 7.3. Emerging Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.3.1. Green Chemistry Innovations
    • 7.3.2. Circular Economy Approaches
    • 7.3.3. Digital Technologies for PFAS Management
  • 7.4. Challenges and Barriers to PFAS Substitution
    • 7.4.1. Technical Performance Gaps
    • 7.4.2. Cost Considerations
    • 7.4.3. Regulatory Uncertainty
  • 7.5. Future Market Projections
    • 7.5.1. Short-Term Outlook (1-3 Years)
    • 7.5.2. Medium-Term Projections (3-5 Years)
    • 7.5.3. Long-Term Scenarios (5-10 Years)

8. COMPANY PROFILES (49 company profiles)

9. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

10. REFERENCES

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Established applications of PFAS
  • Table 2. PFAS chemicals segmented by non-polymers vs polymers
  • Table 3. Non-polymeric PFAS
  • Table 4. Chemical structure and physiochemical properties of various perfluorinated surfactants
  • Table 5. Examples of long-chain PFAS-Applications, Regulatory Status and Environmental and Health Effects
  • Table 6. Examples of short-chain PFAS
  • Table 7. Other non-polymeric PFAS
  • Table 8. Examples of fluoropolymers
  • Table 9. Examples of side-chain fluorinated polymers
  • Table 10. Applications of PFAs
  • Table 11. PFAS surfactant properties
  • Table 12. List of PFAS alternatives
  • Table 13. Common PFAS and their regulation
  • Table 14. International PFAS regulations
  • Table 15. European Union Regulations
  • Table 16. United States Regulations
  • Table 17. PFAS Regulations in Asia-Pacific Countries
  • Table 18. Identified uses of PFAS in semiconductors
  • Table 19. Alternatives to PFAS in Semiconductors
  • Table 20. Key properties of PFAS in water-repellent materials
  • Table 21. Initiatives by outdoor clothing companies to phase out PFCs
  • Table 22. Comparative analysis of Alternatives to PFAS for textiles
  • Table 23. Companies developing PFAS alternatives for textiles
  • Table 24. Applications of PFAS in Food Packaging
  • Table 25. Regulation related to PFAS in food contact materials
  • Table 26. Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF)
  • Table 27. Companies developing PFAS alternatives for food packaging
  • Table 28. Applications and purpose of PFAS in paints and coatings
  • Table 29. Companies developing PFAS alternatives for paints and coatings
  • Table 30. Applications of Ion Exchange Membranes
  • Table 31. Key aspects of PEMELs
  • Table 32. Membrane Degradation Processes Overview
  • Table 33. PFSA Membranes & Key Players
  • Table 34. Competing Membrane Materials
  • Table 35. Comparative analysis of membrane properties
  • Table 36. Processes for manufacturing of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes
  • Table 37. PFSA Resin Suppliers
  • Table 38. CCM Production Technologies
  • Table 39. Comparison of Coating Processes
  • Table 40. Alternatives to PFAS in catalyst coated membranes
  • Table 41. Key Properties and Considerations for RFB Membranes
  • Table 42. PFSA Membrane Manufacturers for RFBs
  • Table 43. Alternative Materials for RFB Membranes
  • Table 44. Alternative Polymer Materials for Ion Exchange Membranes
  • Table 45. Hydrocarbon Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells
  • Table 46. Companies developing PFA alternatives for fuel cell membranes
  • Table 47. Identified uses of PFASs in the energy sector
  • Table 48. Alternatives to PFAS in Energy by Market (Excluding Fuel Cells)
  • Table 49: Anti-icing and de-icing nanocoatings product and application developers
  • Table 50. Companies developing alternatives to PFAS in energy (excluding fuel cells)
  • Table 51. Commercial low-loss organic laminates-key properties at 10 GHz
  • Table 52. Key Properties of PTFE to Consider for 5G Applications
  • Table 53. Applications of PTFE in 5G in a table
  • Table 54. Challenges in PTFE-based laminates in 5G
  • Table 55. Key regulations affecting PFAS use in low-loss materials
  • Table 56. Commercial low-loss materials suitable for 5G applications
  • Table 57. Key low-loss materials suppliers
  • Table 58. Alternatives to PFAS for low-loss applications in 5G
  • Table 59. Benchmarking LTCC materials suitable for 5G applications
  • Table 60. Benchmarking of various glass substrates suitable for 5G applications
  • Table 61. Applications of PFAS in cosmetics
  • Table 62. Alternatives to PFAS for various functions in cosmetics
  • Table 63. Companies developing PFAS alternatives in cosmetics
  • Table 64. Applications of PFAS in Automotive Industry
  • Table 65. Application of PFAS in Electric Vehicles
  • Table 66.Suppliers of PFAS-free Coolants and Refrigerants for EVs
  • Table 67.Immersion Fluids for EVs
  • Table 68. Immersion Cooling Fluids Requirements
  • Table 69. Single-phase vs two-phase cooling
  • Table 70. Companies producing Immersion Fluids for EVs
  • Table 71. Alternatives to PFAS in the automotive sector
  • Table 72. Use of PFAS in the electronics sector
  • Table 73. Companies developing alternatives to PFAS in electronics & semiconductors
  • Table 74. Applications of PFAS in Medical Devices
  • Table 75. Alternatives to PFAS in medical devices
  • Table 76. Readiness level of PFAS alternatives
  • Table 77. Comparing PFAS-free alternatives to traditional PFAS-containing release agents
  • Table 78. Novel PFAS-free CTPI structures
  • Table 79. Applications of PFAS-free CTPIs in flexible electronics
  • Table 80. Current methods for PFAS elimination
  • Table 81. Companies developing processes for PFA degradation and elimination
  • Table 82. PFAS drinking water treatment market forecast 2025-2035
  • Table 83. Pathways for PFAS environmental contamination
  • Table 84. Global PFAS Drinking Water Limits
  • Table 85. USA PFAS Regulations
  • Table 86. EU PFAS Regulations
  • Table 87. Global PFAS Regulations
  • Table 88. Applications requiring PFAS water treatment
  • Table 89. Point-of-Use (POU) and Point-of-Entry (POE) Systems
  • Table 90. PFAS treatment approaches
  • Table 91. Typical Flow Rates for Different Facilities
  • Table 92. In-Situ vs Ex-Situ Treatment Comparison
  • Table 93. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for PFAS Removal
  • Table 94. Removal technologies for PFAS in water
  • Table 95. Suppliers of GAC media for PFAS removal applications
  • Table 96. Commercially Available PFAS-Selective Resins
  • Table 97. Estimated Treatment Costs by Method
  • Table 98. Comparison of technologies for PFAS removal
  • Table 99. Emerging removal technologies for PFAS in water
  • Table 100. Companies in emerging PFAS removal technologies
  • Table 101. PFAS Destruction Technologies
  • Table 102. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for PFAS Destruction Technologies
  • Table 103. Thermal Treatment Types
  • Table 104. Liquid-Phase Technology Segmentation
  • Table 105. PFAS Destruction Technologies Challenges
  • Table 106. Companies developing PFAS Destruction Technologies
  • Table 107. Treatment Methods for PFAS-Contaminated Solids
  • Table 108. Companies developing processes for PFAS water and solid treatment
  • Table 109. Global PFAS Market Projection (2023-2035), Billions USD
  • Table 110. Regional PFAS Market Projection (2023-2035), Billions USD
  • Table 111. PFAS Market Segmentation by Industry (2023-2035), Billions USD
  • Table 112. Long-Chain PFAS andShort-Chain PFAS Market Share
  • Table 113.PFAS-Free Alternatives Market Size from 2020 to 2035, (Billions USD)
  • Table 114. Regional Market Data (2023) for PFAS and trends
  • Table 115. Market Opportunities for PFAS alternatives
  • Table 116. Circular Economy Initiatives and Potential Impact
  • Table 117. Digital Technology Applications and Market Potential
  • Table 118. Performance Comparison Table
  • Table 119. Cost Comparison Table-PFAS and PFAS alternatives
  • Table 120. Market Size 2023-2026 (USD Billions)
  • Table 121. Market size 2026-2030 (USD Billions)
  • Table 122. Long-Term Market Projections (2035)

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Types of PFAS
  • Figure 2. Structure of PFAS-based polymer finishes
  • Figure 3. Water and Oil Repellent Textile Coating
  • Figure 4. Main PFAS exposure route
  • Figure 5. Main sources of perfluorinated compounds (PFC) and general pathways that these compounds may take toward human exposure
  • Figure 6. Photolithography process in semiconductor manufacturing
  • Figure 7. PFAS containing Chemicals by Technology Node
  • Figure 8. The photoresist application process in photolithography
  • Figure 9: Contact angle on superhydrophobic coated surface
  • Figure 10. PEMFC Working Principle
  • Figure 11. Schematic representation of a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA)
  • Figure 12. Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS)
  • Figure 13. Aclarity's Octa system
  • Figure 15. Process for treatment of PFAS in water
  • Figure 18. Octa(TM) system
  • Figure 19. Gradiant Forever Gone
  • Figure 20. PFAS Annihilator-R unit