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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1511597
能源轉換形成的重要材料Critical Materials Shaping Energy Transition |
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全球能源轉型將需要大幅增加太陽能、風能、儲能、電動車和低碳氫化合物生產等關鍵技術的產能。這將增加對各種關鍵材料的需求,某些材料的需求成長超過供應。
由於能源轉型技術,上述原料的需求將大幅增加。儘管最近出現了供應過剩的擔憂,但從長遠來看,鋰無疑仍將是風險最大的關鍵原材料,其能量密集的特性使其成為電池電動車 (BEV) 和儲能的關鍵材料。儘管礦業公司正在提高產能,並降低礦場的供應風險,但鋰精煉在地理上仍然高度集中在中國等特定國家,價值鏈中的單一加工環節構成了來源風險。
同時,鈷、銅、鎳和石墨等其他原料在影響能源轉型技術方面將繼續構成中度至高度風險。風電、太陽能、電網、儲能和電動車等技術需要大量的每種材料,隨著新礦場的開發,給現有供應帶來壓力。
鉑、矽等材料具有中度至低度的能源轉型風險,但從長遠來看,兩者都面臨著需求的大幅增長,因此需要國際社會的努力。廣泛而快速地採用電解質膜電解槽來生產氫氣將威脅鉑金的供應。同時,儘管矽對太陽能電池很重要,但它仍然是地理上最集中的供應鏈之一。
本報告審查和分析了塑造能源轉型的關鍵材料,提供每種材料的風險評估、供需預測以及當前和即將開展的項目的詳細資訊。
The global energy transition will require a substantial build out of capacity across key technologies such as solar, wind, energy storage, electric vehicles and low-carbon hydrogen production. This will increase demand across a broad range of critical materials and for some this demand growth will outpace supply. In its critical minerals report, GlobalData identifies the most at-risk raw materials necessary for the energy transition, taking into account the importance of each material to different energy transition technologies, the volume of material required, and risk factors to each material's supply. Using this framework, the report discusses the supply risk of lithium, cobalt, copper, nickel, platinum, silicon, and graphite.
The raw materials discussed will experience significant demand increases from energy transition technologies. Despite recent oversupply concerns, lithium arguably remains the most at-risk critical raw material for the long term, with its energy density properties making it a pivotal raw material for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and energy storage more widely. Although miners are increasing their production capacity, which will alleviate the mine side supply risk, lithium refining remains highly geographically concentrated in select countries such as China, creating single source risk in the processing element of the value chain.
Meanwhile, other raw materials such as cobalt, copper, nickel, and graphite, will continue to have a medium-high level of risk in terms of how they could impact energy transition technologies. Large quantities of each material will be required for technologies such as wind, solar, power grids, energy storage, and electric vehicles, which will put pressure on existing supplies while new mines continue to develop.
Materials such as platinum and silicon present a medium to low risk for the energy transition but still require international efforts to secure their supplies as both will face a strong increase in demand in the long term. A widespread and rapid adoption of PEM electrolyzers within hydrogen production will threaten platinum supplies while, despite its importance to solar, silicon still holds one of the most geographically concentrated supply chains.