美國、歐盟和中國監管機構應對平台經濟的趨勢

隨著金融科技的發展和互聯網環境的進步，金融服務提供者不再局限於傳統的金融機構。 Fintech（金融科技）和大型科技公司通過平台模式提供各種金融服務。 隨著金融服務日益數字化、智能化，維護金融市場穩定成為各國關注的焦點。

本報告分析了美國、歐盟 (EU) 和中國主要監管機構採取的監管行動。 □我們考慮四個重要考慮因素：風險防範。

目錄

第一章金融科技對傳統銀行的影響

• 金融服務的互補效應
• 市場支撐效應

第二章大型科技公司對傳統銀行的影響

• 金融服務的替代方案
• 市場優勢
• 網絡安全和隱私保護
• 技術開發和提供
• 系統性風險

第三章國際監管機構的措施

• 數據收集和共享
  • 歐盟：數據法/數據治理法
  • 美國：促進數據共享和分析的隱私保護國家戰略
  • 中國：數據安全法
• 有關隱私和安全的規定
  • 歐盟：通用數據保護條例 (GDPR)
  • 美國：美國數據隱私和保護法
  • 中國：個人信息保護法
• 算法公平性監管
  • 歐盟：值得信賴的人工智能道德準則
  • 美國：人工智能權利法案草案
  • 中國：個人信息保護法
• 科技公司的監管
  • 歐盟：數字服務法
  • 美國：《創新與選擇法案》和《開放應用市場法案》
  • 中國：反壟斷法

第 4 章國際監管機構的主要考慮因素

• 數據收集的完整性
  • 最新財務信息
  • 非財務信息
• 數據隱私和安全
• 技術應用的合理性
• 防範系統性風險
• MIC的意見

附錄

• 公司名單

With the development of financial technology and the advancement of the internet environment, providers of financial services are no longer limited to traditional financial institutions. FinTech (Financial Technology) and big-tech companies offer diversified financial services through platform models. As financial services progress towards digitization and intelligence, maintaining financial market stability becomes a focus for countries. This report analyzes the regulatory measures taken by major supervisory authorities in the US (United States), the EU (European Union), China, and looks into four key considerations: data collection integrity, data privacy security, rationality of technology applications, and prevention of systemic risks.

Table of Contents

1.The Impact of Fintech on Traditional Banks

• 1.1 Complementary Effects of Financial Services
• 1.2 Market Supportive Effects

2. The Impact of BigTech on Traditional Banks

• 2.1 Replacement of Financial Services
• 2.2 Market Dominance
• 2.3 Cybersecurity and Privacy Protection
• 2.4 Technology Development and Provision
• 2.5 Systemic Risks

3. Measures Taken by Interntional Regularoty Authorities

• 3.1 Data Collection and Sharing
  • 3.1.1 EU: Data Act and Data Governance Act
  • 3.1.2 US: National Strategy for Privacy Protection in Promoting Data Sharing and Analysis
  • 3.1.3 China: Data Security Law
• 3.2 Privacy and Security Regulation
  • 3.2.1 EU: General Data Protection Regulation
  • 3.2.2 US: The American Data Privacy and Protection Act
  • 3.2.3 China: Personal Information Protection Law
• 3.3 Regulation of Algorithmic Fairness
  • 3.3.1 EU: Trustworthy AI Ethical Assessment Principles
  • 3.3.2 US: Artificial Intelligence Rights Blueprints
  • 3.3.3 China: Personal Information Protection Law
• 3.4 Regulation of Technology Companies
  • 3.4.1 EU: Digital Services Act
  • 3.4.2 US: The American Innovation and Choice Online Act and Open App Markets Act
  • 3.4.3 China: Anti-Monopoly Law

4.Key Considerations of International Regulatory Authorities

• 4.1 Data Collection Integrity
  • 4.1.1 Emerging Financial Information
  • 4.1.2 Non-Financial Information
• 4.2 Data Privacy Security
• 4.3 Rationality of Technology Applications
• 4.4 Prevention of Systemic Risks
• MIC Perspective

Appendix

• List of Companies

List of Tables

• Table 1 Specific Measures of the EU's "Data Act"
• Table 2 Measures of the EU "Data Law"
• Table 3 Seven Principles and Regulations of GDPR for Data Controllers
• Table 4 Five Principles and Regulations of GDPR for Data Subject Rights
• Table 5 Key Highlights of Chapters in the "US Data Privacy and Protection Act"
• Table 6 Protection of Individual Information Rights under the "Personal Information Protection Law"
• Table 7 Principles for Reliable AI Ethics Assessment
• Table 8 Principles of the United States Artificial Intelligence Rights Blueprint
• Table 9 Compliance Explanation of Automated Decision-Making in China
• Table 10 Regulations on Anti-Monopoly in China's Platform Economy

Companies covered

• Alibaba
• Amazon
• Apple
• BlackRock
• Google
• Google
• Gucci
• LVNA
• Meta
• Microsoft
• Target
• Tesla
• Ulta Beauty