封面
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1603634

電能測量模擬前端市場報告:趨勢、預測與競爭分析(至 2030 年)

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market Report: Trends, Forecast and Competitive Analysis to 2030

出版日期: | 出版商: Lucintel | 英文 150 Pages | 商品交期: 3個工作天內

價格

本網頁內容可能與最新版本有所差異。詳細情況請與我們聯繫。

簡介目錄

電能測量模擬前端的趨勢與預測

全球電能測量類比前端市場的未來前景廣闊,電力監控設備和儀器儀表市場也充滿機會。 2024年至2030年,全球電能測量模擬前端市場預計將以4.7%的複合年成長率成長。該市場的主要驅動力是智慧電網系統中對精確電能計量的需求不斷成長、電動車的日益普及以及對能源效率和電網穩定性的監管要求增強了對先進計量解決方案的需求。

  • Lucintel 預測,按類型分類,Simplex 預計將在預測期內實現最高成長。
  • 從應用來看,電力監控設備有望實現高成長。
  • 從地區來看,亞太地區預計將在預測期內實現最高成長。

電能測量模擬前端市場的策略成長機會

隨著技術進步和能源管理解決方案的改進,電能測量 AFE 市場不斷擴大,從而為各種應用提供了重大的策略成長機會。值得注意的是,市場中有許多成長領域,了解這些領域對於希望挖掘其潛力的相關人員至關重要。

  • 智慧家庭應用:事實證明,智慧家庭科技是 AFE 市場的重要成長工具。將家庭自動化技術與智慧電錶結合,可以更好地監控和控制住宅能源使用情況。這種整合使消費者能夠即時監控他們的能源消費量,為住宅提高效率並節省成本。因此,節能技術對於住宅應用變得越來越有吸引力。
  • 工業自動化:工業部門擴大採用先進的測量系統來提高能源效率。 AFE 能夠即時監控機器和流程,精確控制能源使用並降低營運成本。這種效率不僅降低了成本,而且支持製造車間的永續性目標,並與世界向清潔生產方法的轉變保持一致。
  • 可再生能源的採用:再生能源來源的重要性日益增加,這增加了對 AFE 技術管理可變投入的需求。這些系統使公用事業公司能夠監控和管理可再生能源的能量流,從而提高電網可靠性。這項發展符合永續性議程,該議程支持廣泛採用可再生能源技術,旨在實現更清潔的能源未來。
  • 電動車充電基礎設施:電動車(EV)市場是AFE市場的新成長領域。海拔測量解決方案透過有效分配能源負載,幫助滿足電動車充電站不斷成長的需求。這將加速電動車的普及,並增加對交通領域清潔移動解決方案的投資。
  • 電網現代化計劃:世界各地正在進行的電網現代化工作正在推動對先進 AFE 技術的需求。智慧電網功能需要先進的測量解決方案來升級老化的基礎設施並使電網能夠適應新技術。這些計劃不僅提高了運作效率,還提高了能源供應系統的彈性和可靠性,確保電網能夠滿足未來的能源需求。

AFE 市場提供了廣泛且多樣化的策略性成長機會,從智慧家庭應用到電網現代化計劃。這些領域存在著巨大的創新和市場拓展機會,鼓勵相關人員抓住技術進步所創造的機會。

電能測量模擬前端市場的促進因素與挑戰

電能測量的模擬前端 (AFE) 市場受到技術、經濟和監管因素的高度驅動。這些動態對於相關人員應對日益複雜的環境至關重要,在這個環境中,技術創新、消費者需求和政策變化在塑造成長潛力方面發揮核心作用。

促進因素

1. 技術進步:感測器技術和資料分析的快速創新正在改變 AFE 市場。更準確的測量和即時資料處理可改善能源監控和管理。這些進步使公用事業公司和消費者能夠更好地管理能源使用,從而提高效率並降低成本。

2. 監管支援:能源效率和永續性政策正在全球範圍內實施,增加了對智慧計量技術的需求。法律規範鼓勵公共事業投資先進的計量基礎設施,促進創新並創造新的市場機會,幫助公共事業履行其義務並減少碳排放。

3. 對可再生能源的需求不斷成長:向再生能源來源的轉變需要更複雜的計量解決方案來管理可變輸入。 AFE 技術必須適應越來越多的再生能源來源併入電網,刺激創新並鼓勵製造商開發自適應和彈性系統,為永續能源的未來做出貢獻。

任務:

1.網路攻擊:隨著能源計量系統數位化,網路安全風險不斷增加。電力公司擔心敏感資料的安全性和系統受損的可能性。投資強大的網路安全是必要的,但所需的資源和專業知識也非常多,這給許多希望加強測量基礎設施的組織帶來了挑戰。

2. 基礎設施投資:升級老化的能源基礎設施以支援先進的計量技術成本高昂。預算和監管限制使升級規劃變得複雜,在這些財務限制內管理現代化需求可能會限制新技術的採用。這可能會對服務交付產生涓滴影響並影響電網可靠性。

電能測量 AFE 市場將繼續受到這些市場推動因素和問題的影響。技術進步、監管支援和消費者對創新解決方案的需求將推動成長,而網路安全問題、基礎設施投資挑戰和消費者抵制將阻止企業充分利用新機遇,需要相關人員的謹慎管理。

目錄

第1章執行摘要

第2章全球電能測量模擬前端市場:市場動態

  • 簡介、背景、分類
  • 供應鏈
  • 產業促進因素與挑戰

第3章 市場趨勢及預測分析(2018-2030)

  • 宏觀經濟趨勢(2018-2023)與預測(2024-2030)
  • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場趨勢(2018-2023)與預測(2024-2030)
  • 按類型分類的全球電能測量模擬前端市場
    • 單純形
    • 多態性
  • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場:依應用分類
    • 電力監控裝置
    • 測量儀器
    • 其他

第4章 各地區市場趨勢及預測分析(2018-2030)

  • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場(按地區)
  • 北美電能測量模擬前端市場
  • 歐洲電能測量模擬前端市場
  • 亞太電能測量模擬前端市場
  • 其他地區電能計量模擬前端市場

第5章 競爭分析

  • 產品系列分析
  • 營運整合
  • 波特五力分析

第6章 成長機會與策略分析

  • 成長機會分析
    • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場的成長機會(按類型)
    • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場的成長機會:依應用分類
    • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場成長機會(按地區)
  • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場新趨勢
  • 戰略分析
    • 新產品開發
    • 擴大全球電能測量模擬前端市場產能
    • 全球電能測量模擬前端市場的企業合併與合資
    • 認證和許可

第7章主要企業簡介

  • Microchip Technology
  • Teridian Semiconductor
  • NXP Semiconductors
  • STMicroelectronics
  • Texas Instruments
  • Toshiba Corporation
  • Integrated Device Technology
簡介目錄

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Trends and Forecast

The future of the global electric energy metering analog front end market looks promising with opportunities in the power monitoring equipment and instrumentation markets. The global electric energy metering analog front end market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 4.7% from 2024 to 2030. The major drivers for this market are the rising demand for accurate energy measurement in smart grid systems, the increasing adoption of electric vehicles, and regulatory requirements for energy efficiency and grid stability bolstering the demand for advanced metering solutions.

  • Lucintel forecasts that, within the type category, simplex is expected to witness higher growth over the forecast period.
  • Within the application category, power monitoring equipment is expected to witness higher growth.
  • In terms of regions, APAC is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period.

Gain valuable insights for your business decisions with our comprehensive 150+ page report.

Emerging Trends in the Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market

As the market for electric energy metering AFE evolves, some critical trends are emerging that are reshaping the landscape. These trends are primarily driven by technological innovations and regulatory frameworks, as consumers increasingly demand efficient energy management. Understanding these trends is essential for stakeholders who aim to thrive and capitalize on growth opportunities in this dynamic market.

  • More Integration of IoT: The presence of IoT technologies in energy metering systems is revolutionizing the way data is collected and analyzed. The incorporation of IoT sensors into smart meters enables live monitoring. This provides both consumers and utilities with actionable information relevant to optimizing energy use. This connectivity contributes to a more sustainable energy ecosystem, coupled with enhanced operational efficiency and demand-side management strategies.
  • Advantages of Superior Data Analytics: Advanced data analytics capabilities are being integrated into AFE solutions to improve energy management. These technologies enable utilities to better analyze consumption behavior, make reliable forecasts of future demand levels, and stabilize the grid. They also allow consumers to manage their energy usage more effectively, promoting conservation and reducing aggregated energy costs for households and businesses.
  • Focus on Cybersecurity: With the increasing digitalization of the energy sector, there is a significant opportunity for potential cybersecurity threats. Utility companies consider the security of sensitive data from cyberattacks and theft as their top concern. Therefore, substantial investments in robust security protocols and systems are required to protect infrastructure and provide consumers with confidence in smart metering solutions, ensuring the integrity and reliability of energy services in an interconnected world.
  • Consumption of Renewable Energy: The rising demand for sophisticated metering solutions is driven by the increased consumption of renewable energy sources. Renewables like solar and wind often provide variable inputs to AFE technologies, promoting the development of more versatile and adaptive metering systems. This is particularly important for managing complex energy profiles and replacing traditional energy sources with cleaner alternatives.
  • Legislative Support for Smart Grids: With increased government support for the deployment of smart grids and advanced metering infrastructure, policy initiatives aimed at improving energy supply efficiency and controlling carbon emissions are also boosting investment in AFE technologies. Regulatory landscapes that foster innovation and the rapid adoption of smart energy solutions fuel market growth and enhance energy resilience.

The AFE market is set to progress toward more digitalized, sustainable, and consumer-centric models. IoT, advanced data analytics, and cybersecurity will significantly transform energy management. These trends present stakeholders with opportunities to build a more efficient, reliable, and sustainable energy system. Stakeholders must remain agile and adapt their business models in this rapidly changing environment.

Recent Developments in the Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market

The electric energy metering AFE market has witnessed immense growth due to technological innovation and increased regulatory interest in energy efficiency. The implementation of these key innovations will redefine energy metering systems across various regions of the world and play a crucial role in solving contemporary energy challenges.

  • Smart Adoption: Smart meters are set to revolutionize AFE by enabling two-way communication for real-time monitoring and energy management between consumers and utilities. The integration of smart technology improves billing accuracy and encourages greater consumer involvement in energy conservation, leading to more sustainable consumption practices.
  • Better Measurement Accuracy: New developments in sensor technologies are enhancing the accuracy of measurements in AFE systems. Modern high-precision sensors can detect even the smallest variations in energy consumption, which is crucial for utilities to manage demand effectively. This contributes to the reliability of the grid and increases consumer confidence in metering systems, promoting a more stable energy supply.
  • Modular System Development: Modular AFE systems are increasingly favored for their ease of upgrade and scalability. Utilities can engineer metering solutions to meet specific, changing needs, with future technological advances not requiring entirely new systems. This flexibility is vital for managing evolving energy landscapes, such as the integration of new technologies in a cost-effective and operationally efficient manner.
  • Greater Focus on Sustainability: The AFE market is increasingly prioritizing sustainability. Companies are adopting green materials and clean technologies to manufacture products within the green community. This not only meets regulatory demands but also responds to consumer demand for sustainable products, improving brand reputation and enhancing competitive positioning in a market with growing environmental awareness.
  • Global Partnerships and Collaborations: Collaborations between technology providers and utility companies are gaining momentum in the AFE market. These partnerships combine expertise to create innovative solutions that address emerging challenges in energy metering. Such collaborations expedite product development, expand market reach, and ultimately benefit consumers by making energy management more efficient and effective.

The most significant trends in AFE reflect the transformative potential of smart metering technologies. Improved measurement accuracy, modular systems, and sustainable technologies are shaping new industry standards. As utilities and manufacturers collaborate to improve energy management, these developments are expected to drive higher efficiency and reliability in energy delivery systems worldwide.

Strategic Growth Opportunities for Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market

The electric energy metering AFE market offers significant strategic growth opportunities across various applications as it expands through technological advancements and better energy management solutions. In particular, there are numerous growth areas within the market, and understanding these areas is essential for stakeholders looking to capitalize on the potential.

  • Smart Home Applications: Smart home technologies are proving to be a significant growth avenue in the AFE market. Merging home automation technologies with smart meters provides better monitoring and control over energy usage in residential premises. This integration allows consumers to monitor energy consumption in real-time, streamlining efficiency and reducing costs for homeowners. As a result, energy-saving technologies are becoming more appealing for residential use.
  • Industrial Automation: The industrial sector is increasingly adopting advanced metering systems to increase energy efficiency. AFEs enable real-time monitoring of machines and processes, providing accurate control over energy use and reducing operational costs. This efficiency not only saves costs but also supports sustainability goals in manufacturing settings, aligning with global shifts toward clean production practices.
  • Inclusion of Renewable Energy: As the importance of renewable energy sources grows, the demand for AFE technologies to manage variable inputs is increasing. These systems enable utilities to monitor and manage energy flow from renewables, improving the reliability of the grid. This development supports broader adoption of renewable energy technologies and aligns with the sustainability agenda for a cleaner energy future.
  • Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure: The electric vehicle (EV) market presents a new growth area for the AFE market. Advanced metering solutions will help meet the increased demand from EV charging stations by efficiently distributing energy loads. This supports the growth of electric vehicle adoption and increases investments in cleaner mobility solutions in transportation.
  • Grid Modernization Projects: Ongoing grid modernization efforts worldwide are driving demand for advanced AFE technologies. Smart grid capabilities require advanced metering solutions to upgrade aging infrastructure, enabling the grid to accommodate new technologies. These projects not only improve operational efficiency but also enhance the resilience and reliability of energy delivery systems, ensuring grids can meet future energy demands.

A tremendous and diverse range of strategic growth opportunities exists in the AFE market, from smart home applications to grid modernization projects. These areas present vast opportunities for innovation and market expansion, prompting stakeholders to seize the opportunities created by advancements in technology.

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market Driver and Challenges

The electric energy metering AFE market is significantly driven by a mix of technological, economic, and regulatory factors. These dynamics are crucial for stakeholders navigating an increasingly complex landscape, where innovation, consumer demand, and policy changes play a central role in shaping growth potential.

Drivers:

1. Technological Advancements: The rapid innovation in sensor technologies and data analytics is transforming the AFE market. More accurate measurements, along with real-time data processing, improve energy monitoring and management. These advancements enable both utilities and consumers to better control energy use, resulting in increased efficiency and reduced costs, which contribute to higher adoption rates of smart metering solutions.

2. Regulatory Support: Global enforcement of energy efficiency and sustainability policies is increasing demand for smart metering technologies. The regulatory framework is driving utilities to invest in advanced metering infrastructure, which fosters innovation and creates new market opportunities, helping utilities meet their mandates and reduce carbon emissions.

3. Greater Demand for Renewable Energy: The shift toward renewable energy sources requires more complex metering solutions to manage variable inputs. AFE technologies must adapt to the growth in renewable sources integrated into the grid, prompting innovation and driving manufacturers to develop adaptive and resilient systems that contribute to a sustainable energy future.

Challenges:

1. Cyber Attacks: Increased digitalization in energy metering systems has led to heightened cybersecurity risks. Utility companies are concerned about the security of sensitive data and the potential for system compromises. Strong cybersecurity investments are necessary, but the resource and expertise requirements can be significant, posing challenges for many organizations aiming to enhance their metering infrastructure.

2. Infrastructure Investment: Upgrading aging energy infrastructure to support advanced metering technologies is costly. Budgetary and regulatory constraints complicate planning for upgrades, and managing modernization needs within these fiscal limitations can restrict the adoption of new technologies. This has a trickle-down impact on service delivery and may affect grid reliability.

The electric energy metering AFE market will continue to be shaped by these drivers and challenges. Technological advancements, regulatory support, and consumer demand for innovative solutions will foster growth, while cybersecurity concerns, infrastructure investment challenges, and consumer resistance will require careful management by stakeholders to fully capitalize on emerging opportunities.

List of Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Companies

Companies in the market compete on the basis of product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. Through these strategies electric energy metering analog front end companies cater increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the electric energy metering analog front end companies profiled in this report include-

  • Microchip Technology
  • Teridian Semiconductor
  • NXP Semiconductors
  • STMicroelectronics
  • Texas Instruments
  • Toshiba Corporation
  • Integrated Device Technology

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End by Segment

The study includes a forecast for the global electric energy metering analog front end by type, application, and region.

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type [Analysis by Value from 2018 to 2030]:

  • Simplex
  • Polyphase

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application [Analysis by Value from 2018 to 2030]:

  • Power Monitoring Equipment
  • Instrumentation
  • Others

Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Region [Analysis by Value from 2018 to 2030]:

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • The Rest of the World

Country Wise Outlook for the Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market

Key features of the electric energy metering analog front end (AFE) market can be extracted from the latest developments. These developments confirm the growth in demand for accurate and reliable energy monitoring solutions across the world's key markets, driven by technological innovation, changing consumer expectations, and regulatory changes that promote energy efficiency and sustainability.

  • United States: The AFE market for smart metering technologies is gaining traction, supported by federal incentives aimed at improving energy efficiency in the U.S. The demand for IoT-enabled meters is increasing as utilities leverage real-time data collection and engage consumers through connected devices. Regulations are supporting this trend by providing a framework for modernizing energy infrastructure, which encourages utilities to adopt innovative solutions with sustainability goals in mind.
  • China: The AFE market in China is growing at a rapid pace due to the government's substantial investments in smart grid technology. There is a strong focus on improving grid reliability while simultaneously supporting the renewable energy sector. These efforts align with the sustainability goals set by the Chinese government, ensuring energy supply stability for the country's large population.
  • Germany: Germany is shifting toward energy transition strategies, known as "Evergreened," and is encouraging the adoption of smart metering technologies. New policy initiatives are promoting the installation of smart meters paired with AFE to enhance the quality and governance of data related to the grid. As part of the Evergreened, Germany is focusing on reducing carbon emissions, optimizing energy efficiency, and developing robust infrastructure to meet future energy needs.
  • India: The growing demand for energy reform in India is leading to an increased adoption of smart metering solutions. The government is actively promoting the use of AFE technologies to improve billing accuracy and curb power theft. Initiatives such as the National Smart Grid Mission aim to modernize the energy sector, improve efficiency in energy management, and support economic growth while ensuring greater access to energy for all.
  • Japan: Advanced metering infrastructure, particularly those with real-time measurement capabilities, is becoming increasingly relevant in Japan. This trend supports the country's focus on renewable energy sources and the stability of the grid. It also enhances public confidence in the handling of energy systems, helping Japan meet its sustainable energy goals.

Features of the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market

Market Size Estimates: Electric energy metering analog front end market size estimation in terms of value ($B).

Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2018 to 2023) and forecast (2024 to 2030) by various segments and regions.

Segmentation Analysis: Electric energy metering analog front end market size by type, application, and region in terms of value ($B).

Regional Analysis: Electric energy metering analog front end market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.

Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different types, applications, and regions for the electric energy metering analog front end market.

Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the electric energy metering analog front end market.

Analysis of competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter's Five Forces model.

If you are looking to expand your business in this or adjacent markets, then contact us. We have done hundreds of strategic consulting projects in market entry, opportunity screening, due diligence, supply chain analysis, M & A, and more.

This report answers following 11 key questions:

  • Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the electric energy metering analog front end market by type (simplex and polyphase), application (power monitoring equipment, instrumentation, and others), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
  • Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
  • Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
  • Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
  • Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
  • Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
  • Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
  • Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
  • Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
  • Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
  • Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what has its impact been on the industry?

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market : Market Dynamics

  • 2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
  • 2.2: Supply Chain
  • 2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges

3. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis from 2018 to 2030

  • 3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2018-2023) and Forecast (2024-2030)
  • 3.2. Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market Trends (2018-2023) and Forecast (2024-2030)
  • 3.3: Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type
    • 3.3.1: Simplex
    • 3.3.2: Polyphase
  • 3.4: Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application
    • 3.4.1: Power Monitoring Equipment
    • 3.4.2: Instrumentation
    • 3.4.3: Others

4. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis by Region from 2018 to 2030

  • 4.1: Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Region
  • 4.2: North American Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
    • 4.2.1: North American Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type: Simplex and Polyphase
    • 4.2.2: North American Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application: Power Monitoring Equipment, Instrumentation, and Others
  • 4.3: European Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
    • 4.3.1: European Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type: Simplex and Polyphase
    • 4.3.2: European Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application: Power Monitoring Equipment, Instrumentation, and Others
  • 4.4: APAC Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
    • 4.4.1: APAC Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type: Simplex and Polyphase
    • 4.4.2: APAC Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application: Power Monitoring Equipment, Instrumentation, and Others
  • 4.5: ROW Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
    • 4.5.1: ROW Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type: Simplex and Polyphase
    • 4.5.2: ROW Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application: Power Monitoring Equipment, Instrumentation, and Others

5. Competitor Analysis

  • 5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
  • 5.2: Operational Integration
  • 5.3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

6. Growth Opportunities and Strategic Analysis

  • 6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
    • 6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Type
    • 6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Application
    • 6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market by Region
  • 6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
  • 6.3: Strategic Analysis
    • 6.3.1: New Product Development
    • 6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
    • 6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global Electric Energy Metering Analog Front End Market
    • 6.3.4: Certification and Licensing

7. Company Profiles of Leading Players

  • 7.1: Microchip Technology
  • 7.2: Teridian Semiconductor
  • 7.3: NXP Semiconductors
  • 7.4: STMicroelectronics
  • 7.5: Texas Instruments
  • 7.6: Toshiba Corporation
  • 7.7: Integrated Device Technology