半導體物流市場 - COVID-19 的增長、趨勢、影響和預測 (2023-2028)

在預測期內，半導體物流市場的複合年增長率預計將超過 7%。

這個市場是由各個領域對半導體的巨大需求推動的。 此外，市場正受到改善物流以適應半導體行業製造和供應鏈的重大機遇的推動。

主要亮點

• 對智能設備的需求不斷擴大、對可持續生產方法的需求、人力資源開發的重要性以及亞太地區半導體市場不斷增長的份額塑造了半導體物流行業。 然而，COVID-19 造成的供應鍊和勞動力中斷導致了全球芯片短缺的危機，而中美之間持續的貿易摩擦和俄羅斯的衝突加劇了這一危機。 技術進步的速度正在加快。 5G網絡和物聯網的建設已經為連接和自動化奠定了基礎。
• 缺乏滿足市場需求的製造能力是滲透到半導體供應鏈許多方面的主要主題趨勢。 半導體是許多可再生能源應用、電動汽車、個人電子產品（如智能手機）、數據中心，甚至國防武器的組成部分。 但在幕後，當今的半導體公司面臨著許多挑戰。 即使滿負荷生產，半導體工廠也無法滿足需求，導致產品交貨時間長達六個月或更長時間。 半導體短缺經常出現在新聞中，尤其是在汽車製造商被迫推遲汽車生產的情況下。 此外，半導體公司正在應對日益增加的設計複雜性、人才短缺和與流行病相關的問題，所有這些都在擾亂連接不同市場參與者的複雜全球供應鏈。
• 半導體行業必須將過去兩年的物流挑戰視為需要採取嚴厲措施的警鐘。 當 COVID-19 生效時，許多企業的銷售額大幅下降。 汽車行業失去了 80% 的買家，因此對半導體的需求直線下降。 一些人預測全球半導體短缺將持續到 2024 年。 據估計，在 2020 年至 2022 年間，這些短缺已使全球經濟損失超過 5000 億美元。 除了直接的經濟影響外，這些短缺還揭示了半導體供應鏈的不足。 一些明顯的缺陷暴露出來，單靠收回訂單是不夠的。
• 半導體公司的未來取決於找到應對後勤挑戰的方法，因為這是需要採取嚴厲行動的信號。 隨著對半導體的需求持續增長，能夠更高效地向最終用戶交付半導體的公司將在未來幾年獲得最大收益。 半導體價值鏈異常複雜，依賴於全球材料和設備供應商網絡。 這使得高效的供應鏈管理變得非常困難，導致庫存過剩和日常瓶頸。 貨運管理就是一個很好的例子。 從港口擁堵到集裝箱短缺，貨物問題導致更長的交貨時間和更長的運輸延誤。 濕度、衝擊和盜竊也會影響供應鏈。 但是，如果沒有關於裝運進度的準確數據和 GPS 跟蹤，領導者常常在黑暗中工作。

半導體物流市場趨勢

半導體需求的增加推動了市場

從2020年開始，全球芯片缺貨將更加嚴重，價格上漲將是半導體行業的決定性趨勢。 隨著上游材料和設備製造商面臨供應短缺以及芯片製造商增加投資以擴大產品陣容，下游半導體製造商正在大賺一筆。 總體而言，面板驅動IC、消費類MCU、存儲芯片等供應短缺情況開始緩解，價格開始出現下滑跡象。 然而，部分功率半導體芯片，尤其是應用於汽車、工控、物聯網等領域的功率半導體芯片，仍然供不應求。

其中最大的原因是DRAM受市場週期性變化影響，價格迅速進入下降趨勢。 在全球最大的存儲芯片生產國韓國，芯片庫存四年多來首次大幅增加。 根據韓國國家統計局2022年6月公佈的統計數據，該國芯片庫存較2021年同期增長53.4%，自2021年10月以來持續穩定增長。 隨著對智能手機、個人電腦和消費應用的需求下降，全球對電子產品中使用的存儲芯片的需求也在下降。 雖然服務器需求相對強勁，但庫存水平較高，因此預計2022年下半年存儲芯片價格將繼續下滑。

消費市場的下行趨勢正在加速存儲市場的周期性變化，MCU芯片也受到影響。 以手機、個人電腦為代表的消費電子產品近年來呈現下滑趨勢，2022年全年負增長的可能性較大。 伴隨著這一趨勢，有消息稱今年4月消費電子終端芯片訂單可能取消高達30%，給忙於供應鍊和產品準備的終端廠商帶來巨大的庫存壓力。 消費電子終端訂單的取消現在已經逐漸波及到芯片製造商。

擴大使用尖端技術和增值服務推動市場

由於對半導體供應鍊和物流的可見性降低，關鍵決策的製定不力。 隨著卡車市場的分散和集裝箱成本的飆升，領導者需要能夠審查各種選擇並比較不同的行動方案。 但這需要集中、可靠、實時的數據。 83% 的企業表示，與大流行之前相比，他們更加了解與運輸中斷相關的風險，但他們仍然需要找到合適的技術來為他們提供正確的可見性。 這場大流行病證明了單個事件的破壞性有多大，會在整個半導體供應鏈中造成級聯效應。 這凸顯了供應鏈靈活性的重要性——調整材料採購、生產水平和運輸能力以滿足需求的能力。 然而，要認識到這一點是非常困難的。

在半導體供應鏈中，過度依賴單一合作夥伴是有問題的。 為了確保供應鏈的彈性，半導體公司需要接觸多個合作夥伴，包括材料供應商、製造基地和運營商。 另一方面，訪問多個合作夥伴並不是那麼容易。 特別是當許多經紀人有隱藏的偏見時。 這意味著領導者必須找到能夠獨自駕馭多個市場的複雜性或在完全公平的競爭環境中與供應商建立聯繫的合作夥伴。 另一個問題是可靠性。 需要靈活性的企業需要有多個值得信賴的供應商來遵守法規。 這意味著公司必須要麼進行廣泛的盡職調查，要麼找到可以完全透明地委派此責任的合作夥伴。

半導體物流行業概況

半導體物流市場競爭激烈且分散，大量本地、區域和少數全球參與者進入市場。 主要參與者包括 DHL、Nippon Express、Yusen Logistics、DB Schenker、Kuehne+Nagel 等。 使用正確的先進技術來定義半導體供應鍊和物流將使公司之間發生重大變化。 由於與區域和本地參與者相比服務的可用性，該市場由全球參與者主導。

其他福利：

• Excel 格式的市場預測 (ME) 表
• 3 個月的分析師支持

內容

第一章介紹

• 調查先決條件
• 調查範圍

第二章研究方法論

• 分析方法
• 研究階段

第 3 章執行摘要

第四章市場動態

• 當前市場情況
• 市場概覽
• 市場動態
  • 司機
  • 約束因素
  • 機會
• 價值鏈/供應鏈分析
• 產業吸引力 - 波特五力分析
  • 新進入者的威脅
  • 買家/消費者的議價能力
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 替代品的威脅
  • 競爭對手之間的競爭強度
• 關於 COVID-19 對市場的影響

第 5 章市場細分

• 按職能
  • 交通
    • 巷道
    • 鐵路
    • 水路和海路
    • 航線
  • 倉儲和配送
  • 增值服務（包裝、清關、貨運代理、其他服務等）
• 按目的地
  • 國內
  • 國際航班

第6章競爭格局

• 市場集中度概述
• 公司簡介
  • DHL
  • Nippon Express
  • Yusen Logistics
  • DB Schenker
  • Kuehne+Nagel
  • Omni Logistics
  • Dimerco
  • CEVA Logistics
  • HOYER Group
  • MAERSK
  • Dintec Shipping Express

第7章 市場將來展望

第8章 附錄

The Semiconductor Logistics Market is anticipated to register a CAGR of more than 7% over the forecast period. The market is driven by the huge demand for semiconductors from different segments. Furthermore, the market is driven by the huge opportunities in logistics improvement to cater to the manufacturing and supply chain in the semiconductor industry.

Key Highlights

• There has been an increasing demand for smart devices, the need for sustainable production methods, the importance of cultivating a talent pool, and growth in APAC's semiconductor market share will shape the semiconductor logistics industry. However, supply chain and labour disruptions caused by COVID-19 had resulted in a worldwide chip shortage crisis, which had been exacerbated by ongoing trade tensions between the US and China, as well as conflict in Russia. The pace of technological advancement will quicken. The construction of 5G networks and the Internet of Things has already laid the groundwork for connectivity and automation.
• Insufficient manufacturing capacity to meet market demand is a key thematic trend permeating many facets of the semiconductor supply chain. Semiconductors are essential components in many renewable energy applications, electric vehicles, smartphones and other personal electronics, data centres, and even defence weapons. However, behind the scenes, today's semiconductor companies are facing a slew of challenges. Even at full capacity, fabs have been unable to meet demand, resulting in product lead times of six months or longer. The ongoing semiconductor shortage is now making headlines regularly, especially when it forces automotive OEMs to delay vehicle production. Furthermore, semiconductor firms are dealing with increased design complexity, a talent shortage, and pandemic-related issues, all of which are disrupting the complex, global supply chain that connects players in different markets.
• The semiconductor industry must see the logistical challenges of the last two years as a wake-up call that drastic action is required. When COVID-19 went into effect, many businesses saw a significant drop in sales. The automotive industry lost 80% of its buyers, resulting in a sharp drop in semiconductor demand. Some predict a global semiconductor shortage that will last until 2024. Between 2020 and 2022, it was estimated that these shortages cost the global economy more than USD 500 billion. Worse than the immediate financial impact, these shortages have revealed that semiconductor supply chains are inadequate. Several obvious flaws have been exposed, and addressing them requires more than simply catching up on order backlogs.
• The future of semiconductor companies is dependent on finding a way to compete with logistical challenges as a signal that drastic action is required. Because the demand for semiconductors is only going to increase, those who can get them to end users more efficiently will be the ones to benefit the most in the coming years. The semiconductor value chain is unusually complex, relying on a global network of material and equipment suppliers. This makes efficient supply chain management extremely difficult, resulting in excess stock and routine bottlenecks. A good example is freight management. Freight issues, ranging from port congestion to container shortages, can result in longer lead times and longer shipment delays. Other factors influencing the supply chain include humidity, shock impact, and theft. But without precise data on the progress of shipments and GPS tracking, leaders are often left operating in the dark.

Semiconductor Logistics Market Trends

Increasing demand for semiconductor driving the market

Since 2020, the global chip shortage has worsened, with price increases being the semiconductor industry's defining trend. Upstream material and equipment manufacturers are facing supply shortages, chipmakers have increased investments to expand their product lines on occasion, and downstream semiconductor companies have made significant profits. Overall, the supply shortage of panel drive IC, consumer-grade MCU, memory chips, and other products have begun to ease, signalling the start of a price decrease. However, some power semiconductor chips, particularly those used in automotive, industrial control, IoT, and other fields, remain scarce.

The primary reason for this is that DRAM has quickly entered a downward price trend as the market undergoes cyclical changes. South Korea, the world's largest memory chip producer, has seen the largest increase in chip inventory in more than four years. According to statistics released by the South Korean statistics office in June 2022, the country's chip inventory increased by 53.4% over the same period in 2021 and has been steadily increasing since October 2021. As demand for smartphones, PCs, and consumer applications falls, global demand for memory chips used in electronic products falls. Despite relatively strong server demand, memory chip prices will continue to fall in the second half of 2022 as a result of high inventory levels.

The consumer market's downward trend has accelerated the cyclical changes in the storage market, and MCU chips are also affected. Consumer electronics, as represented by mobile phones and computers, have shown a downward trend in recent years, with likely negative growth in the entire year of 2022. According to this trend, news circulated in April of this year that terminal chips for consumer electronics could face up to 30% order cancellations, putting huge inventory pressure on the supply chain and terminal manufacturers who were busy preparing goods. Order cancellations from consumer electronic terminals have now gradually spread to chip manufacturers.

Increasing use of advanced technology and value-added services driving the market

Key decisions are made with insufficient insight as there is less visibility in the semiconductor supply chain and logistics. Leaders must be able to see their options and compare different courses of action as truck markets fragment and shipping container costs spiral. However, this requires centralized, dependable real-time data. While 83% of businesses say they are more aware of the risks associated with transportation blockades than they were before the pandemic, they still need to find the right technology to enable proper visibility. The pandemic exemplified how disruptive a single event can be, causing cascading effects across entire semiconductor supply chains. This highlights the critical importance of supply chain flexibility - the ability to adjust material purchases, production levels, and transportation capacity to meet demand. However, acknowledging this proves extremely tough.

Overreliance on single partners in semiconductor supply chains is a problem. To ensure the resilience of their supply chains, semiconductor companies require access to multiple partners, whether it's a material supplier, manufacturing base, or freight provider. Gaining access to multiple partners, on the other hand, is not so simple, especially when many brokers have hidden biases. This means that leaders must either navigate multiple highly complex markets on their own or find a partner who can connect them with providers with complete impartiality. Another issue is trust: flexibility necessitates companies having multiple providers they can trust to comply with regulations. This means they must either conduct extensive due diligence or find a partner to whom they can delegate this responsibility in complete transparency.

Semiconductor Logistics Industry Overview

The Semiconductor Logistics Market is highly competitive and fragmented with a large number of local, regional and a few global players penetrating the market. Major players are DHL, Nippon Express, Yusen Logistics, DB Schenker, Kuehne+Nagel, and many more. The use of proper and advanced technology to bring clarity in the semiconductor supply chain and logisitcs is going to bring a difference between the companies. Global players hold a good share in this market due to availibility of services compared to the regional and local players.

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
• 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Study Assumptions
• 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• 2.1 Analysis Method
• 2.2 Research Phases

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET INSIGHTS DYNAMICS

• 4.1 Current Market Scenario
• 4.2 Market Overview
• 4.3 Market Dynamics
  • 4.3.1 Drivers
  • 4.3.2 Restraints
  • 4.3.3 Opportunities
• 4.4 Value Chain / Supply Chain Analysis
• 4.5 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.5.1 Threat of New Entrants
  • 4.5.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers/Consumers
  • 4.5.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 4.5.4 Threat of Substitute Products
  • 4.5.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry
• 4.6 Impact of the COVID-19 on the Market

5 MARKET SEGMENTATION

• 5.1 By Function
  • 5.1.1 Transportation
    • 5.1.1.1 Roadways
    • 5.1.1.2 Railways
    • 5.1.1.3 Water and Seaways
    • 5.1.1.4 Airways
  • 5.1.2 Warehousing and Distribution
  • 5.1.3 Value-added Services (Packaging, Customs Clearance, Freight Brokerage, and Other Services)
• 5.2 By Destination
  • 5.2.1 Domestic
  • 5.2.2 International

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 6.1 Market Concentration Overview
• 6.2 Company Profiles
  • 6.2.1 DHL
  • 6.2.2 Nippon Express
  • 6.2.3 Yusen Logistics
  • 6.2.4 DB Schenker
  • 6.2.5 Kuehne+Nagel
  • 6.2.6 Omni Logistics
  • 6.2.7 Dimerco
  • 6.2.8 CEVA Logistics
  • 6.2.9 HOYER Group
  • 6.2.10 MAERSK
  • 6.2.11 Dintec Shipping Express*

7 FUTURE OF THE MARKET

8 APPENDIX