自動駕駛系統：評估20 家自動駕駛系統開發商的策略和執行情況 - Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard Report

近二十年來，數百家新創公司、傳統汽車製造商和供應商以及學術研究人員一直致力於自動駕駛系統（ADS）的研究，一些早期商業化最終將於2023年和2024年開始。參與自動駕駛汽車開發的公司數量已從2010年代末的全球 100 多家穩步下降到2024年的30-40 家左右，而實際建立可持續商業模式的挑戰仍然難以實現。許多新創公司因資金耗盡而消失，投資者將注意力轉向最新的熱門事物：人工智慧。同時，許多傳統汽車製造商和供應商，如Ford（曾投資於現已解散的Argo AI）和Bosch，將其開發資源轉移到電氣化等更緊迫的挑戰上。

即使在追求可行的自動駕駛汽車的過程中，過去兩年中包括 Cruise、Motional 和 Nuro 在內的幾家領先者也遭遇了挫折。General Motors宣布將終止對Cruise的資助，結束其機器人計程車開發，並將Cruise團隊與其輔助和自動駕駛集團合併，致力於開發General Motors的ADS。一些公司已經擴大了範圍，瞄準從客車到長途卡車的更廣泛的車輛和用例，而其他公司仍然致力於中等距離的配送或增強公共交通。其他公司則希望利用傳統汽車製造商在將軟體開發引進內部時面臨的挑戰，為從 ADAS（高級駕駛輔助系統）到 ADS 等各種用例的軟體提供許可證。

考慮到這些廣泛的舉措，本 Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard 報告重點關注20 家 ADS 公司，包括上述公司。所有這些公司都在開發至少 4 級（L4）ADS，無需人工干預或監督（無需動手/無需視覺注意/無需大腦）即可運作。

目錄

第1章 執行摘要

第2章 市場概要

• 市場定義
• 市場促進要因
• 市場抑制要因
• 市場動向

第3章 Guidehouse Insights 排行榜

• Guidehouse Insights 排行榜類別
  • 領導者
  • 競爭對手
  • 挑戰者
  • 追蹤者
• Guidehouse Insights 排行榜網格

第4章 企業排名

• 領導者
  • Waymo
  • Baidu
• 競爭對手
  • Mobileye
  • NVIDIA
  • Aurora
  • Plus
  • WeRide
  • Zoox
  • Gatik
  • Cruise
  • Autonomous a2z
  • Torc Robotics
  • Kodiak Robotics
  • May Mobility
  • Motional
  • Wayve
  • AutoX
• 挑戰者
  • Pony.ai
  • Nuro
  • Tesla

第5章 首字母縮寫與縮寫列表

第6章 目次

第7章 圖表

第8章 研究範圍與方法

After nearly 2 decades of work on automated driving systems (ADS) by hundreds of startups, legacy automakers and suppliers, and academic researchers, some early commercialization finally started to take hold in 2023 and 2024. The number of companies involved in developing self-driving vehicles has gradually declined from well over 100 known companies globally in the late 2010s to somewhere between 30 and 40 in 2024, and the challenge of actually creating a sustainable business model continues to be elusive. Many startups have faded away as they ran out of money and investors turned their gaze to the latest bright shiny object of AI. Meanwhile, many legacy automotive manufacturers and suppliers such as Ford (which funded the now defunct Argo AI) and Bosch have shifted their development resources to more pressing tasks like electrification.

Even among those companies that remain in the chase for the viable self-driving vehicle, several leaders from prior years have stumbled in the past 2 years, including Cruise, Motional, and Nuro. As this report was being prepared for publication, General Motors announced it was withdrawing funding for Cruise, ending robotaxi development and combining the Cruise team with its internal assisted and automated driving group to focus on developing ADS for consumer vehicles. Some companies have expanded their scope, targeting a broader range of vehicles and use cases from passenger cars to long-haul trucks, while others remain focused on middle-mile deliveries or public transit augmentation. Some are hoping to take advantage of the challenges faced by legacy automakers in bringing software development in-house by offering to license their software for a range of use cases, from advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to ADS.

With this broader scope of efforts in mind, this edition of the Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard looks at 20 ADS companies, including those mentioned above. All of them are developing at least Level 4 (L4) ADS that can operate without human intervention or supervision (hands-off/eyes-off/brain-off).

Top 10 Vendors

Waymo

Baidu

Mobileye

NVIDIA

Aurora

Plus

WeRide

Zoox

Gatik

Cruise

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

• 1.1 Market Introduction
• 1.2 The Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard Grid

2. Market Overview

• 2.1 Market Definition
• 2.2 Market Drivers
• 2.3 Market Barriers
• 2.4 Market Trends

3. The Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard

• 3.1 The Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard Categories
  • 3.1.1 Leaders
  • 3.1.2 Contenders
  • 3.1.3 Challengers
  • 3.1.4 Followers
• 3.2 The Guidehouse Insights Leaderboard Grid

4. Company Rankings

• 4.1 Leaders
  • 4.1.1 Waymo
  • 4.1.2 Baidu
• 4.2 Contenders
  • 4.2.1 Mobileye
  • 4.2.2 NVIDIA
  • 4.2.3 Aurora
  • 4.2.4 Plus
  • 4.2.5 WeRide
  • 4.2.6 Zoox
  • 4.2.7 Gatik
  • 4.2.8 Cruise
  • 4.2.9 Autonomous a2z
  • 4.2.10 Torc Robotics
  • 4.2.11 Kodiak Robotics
  • 4.2.12 May Mobility
  • 4.2.13 Motional
  • 4.2.14 Wayve
  • 4.2.15 AutoX
• 4.3 Challengers
  • 4.3.1 Pony.ai
  • 4.3.2 Nuro
  • 4.3.3 Tesla

5. Acronym and Abbreviation List

6. Table of Contents

7. Table of Charts and Figures

8. Scope of Study and Methodology

• 8.1 Scope of Study
• 8.2 Sources and Methodology
  • 8.2.1 Vendor Selection
  • 8.2.2 Ratings Scale
    • 8.2.2.1 Score Calculations
  • 8.2.3 Criteria Definitions
    • 8.2.3.1 Strategy
    • 8.2.3.2 Execution