市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1569772
2030 年氫燃料電池市場預測:按類型、技術、應用、最終用戶和地區分析Hydrogen Fuel Cell Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Type (Air-Cooled Type, Water-Cooled Type and Other Types), Technology, Application, End User and by Geography |
根據Stratistics MRC預測,2024年全球氫燃料電池市場規模將達36億美元,預計2030年將達到64.2億美元,預測期內複合年成長率為10.1%。
氫燃料電池中使用的電化學過程是一種清潔能源技術,在將氫轉化為電能時僅產生熱和水蒸氣作為廢棄物。這些細胞由阻止電子流動但允許質子運動的膜和兩個電極組成。當氫氣供應到陽極時,產生質子和電子。質子穿過膜到達陰極,在那裡與氧氣混合形成水,而電子則穿過外部電路發電。
據氫能委員會稱,到 2050 年,氫燃料電池可為超過 4 億輛汽車提供動力。
政府提案和法規
氫燃料電池市場正在政府舉措和法規的推動下向前發展。許多國家為減少溫室氣體排放而推出的嚴格法規正在鼓勵氫氣燃料電池在交通和其他行業的使用。美國通貨膨脹控制法案和歐洲類似計畫等支持性立法旨在鼓勵對氫技術的投資。此外,正在對加氫基礎設施進行大量投資,以增強消費者信心並鼓勵燃料電池電動車(FCEV)的普及。
基礎設施限制
氫燃料電池市場的一個主要障礙是缺乏強大的氫氣生產、分配和儲存基礎設施。為了支援燃料電池電動車(FCEV),需要建立完善的加氫站網路,但目前這些加氫站尚未廣泛普及。此外,新進入者市場開拓的一個主要障礙是開發必要的基礎設施需要大量投資和多個相關人員之間的協調。如果沒有類似的基礎設施,氫將很難與成熟的石化燃料產業競爭。
人們對零排放車輛的興趣日益濃厚
零排放汽車(ZEV)的需求不斷成長,這也為氫燃料電池市場帶來了重大機會。隨著政府排放法規的收緊和環保意識的增強,客戶正在尋求更環保的交通途徑。汽車產業尤其準備擴張,因為燃料電池電動車 (FCEV) 的開發由豐田、現代和本田等汽車製造商主導。此外,燃料電池電動車 (FCEV) 的環境效益和加油基礎設施的改善預計將推動全球 FCEV 市場的顯著成長。
與其他永續能源來源的競爭
氫燃料電池是市場上最環保的能源來源之一,但它們並非沒有來自風能和太陽能等其他可再生能源的競爭。近年來,這些替代能源能源變得更具成本競爭力,這可能會限制燃料電池在某些應用中的使用。此外,隨著太陽能電池板和風力發電機成本的增加,氫燃料電池的相對成本優勢可能會下降,從而難以在某些行業中獲得市場佔有率。
COVID-19 大流行對多個行業造成了干擾,也對氫燃料電池市場產生了重大影響。最初,疫情導致需求波動,特別是在交通運輸領域,消費者支出減少和旅行限制推遲了燃料電池電動車(FCEV)的採用。同時,全球供應鏈中斷導致製造燃料電池所需的薄膜和鉑催化劑等關鍵零件短缺。停工和工廠關閉進一步加劇了生產延誤和成本,降低了產業投資情緒。然而,在危機期間,隨著企業尋求可靠的能源選擇,對固定發電等某些行業的興趣增加。
預計風冷部分在預測期內將是最大的
風冷系統由於其簡單性和效率而佔據氫燃料電池市場的最大佔有率。由於不需要複雜的冷卻系統,氣冷燃料電池重量輕,易於整合到各種應用中,特別是在汽車和可攜式電源行業。這種設計的活動部件較少,提高了可靠性並減少了維護需求。此外,空氣冷卻在重量和空間都至關重要的應用中特別有用,例如燃料電池電動車 (FCEV) 和攜帶式能源設備。
固體電解質燃料電池領域預計在預測期內複合年成長率最高
在氫燃料電池市場中,固體電解質燃料電池(PEMFC)領域預計將以最高的複合年成長率成長。這種類型的燃料電池以其高效、輕質結構以及在相對較低的溫度下工作的能力而聞名。這些屬性使其非常適合用於交通運輸應用,特別是燃料電池電動車 (FCEV)。此外,隨著汽車製造商更加重視製造 FCEV 以滿足消費者對零排放汽車和更嚴格的排放氣體法規的需求,PEMFC 市場預計將快速成長。
氫燃料電池的市場佔有率在北美最高。強大的工業基礎設施、顯著的技術發展和支持清潔能源解決方案的嚴格法規是這一優勢背後的主要因素。尤其是美國,是這一環境中的關鍵參與者,其擁有多元化的工業基礎,在汽車、能源生產和固定發電等行業中嚴重依賴氫燃料電池技術。此外,減少排放氣體和遵守環境法規的需求正在推動對氫燃料電池的需求。
在預測期內,氫燃料電池市場的最高複合年成長率將出現在亞太地區。這種快速成長可歸因於多種因素,包括人口大幅成長、可支配收入增加以及對減少碳排放的能源解決方案的需求不斷成長。此外,氫燃料電池被該地區成長最快、污染最嚴重的經濟體視為滿足能源需求並同時解決環境問題的有效途徑。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Hydrogen Fuel Cell Market is accounted for $3.60 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $6.42 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 10.1% during the forecast period. The electrochemical process used in hydrogen fuel cells, a clean energy technology, produces only heat and water vapor as waste when hydrogen is converted into electricity. These cells are made up of a membrane that permits proton movement while obstructing electron flow and two electrodes. Protons and electrons are produced when hydrogen is supplied to the anode. While the protons travel through the membrane to the cathode, where they mix with oxygen to form water, the electrons flow through an external circuit to produce electricity.
According to the Hydrogen Council, hydrogen fuel cells have the potential to power over 400 million vehicles by 2050.
Government proposals and rules
The market for hydrogen fuel cells is being driven forward by government initiatives and regulations. The use of hydrogen fuel cells in transportation and other industries is encouraged by the strict regulations that many nations are putting in place to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Investments in hydrogen technologies are intended to be encouraged by supportive laws like the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act and comparable programs in Europe. Additionally, significant investments in infrastructure for hydrogen refueling are being made to boost consumer confidence and promote the widespread use of fuel cell vehicles (FCEVs).
Limitations of the infrastructure
A major obstacle in the market for hydrogen fuel cells is the absence of a strong infrastructure for the production, distribution, and storage of hydrogen. In order to support fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), a comprehensive network of hydrogen refueling stations must be established; however, at the moment, these stations are not widely available. Furthermore, a major obstacle to entry for new players in the market is the requirement for large investment and coordination amongst multiple stakeholders for the development of the necessary infrastructure. Without comparable infrastructure in place, hydrogen will find it difficult to compete with the well-established fossil fuel industry.
Growing interest in zero-emission automobiles
Zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) demand is growing, which is another important opportunity for the hydrogen fuel cell market. Customers are looking for more environmentally friendly transportation options as government emissions regulations tighten and environmental awareness rises. Fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) development is being spearheaded by automakers like Toyota, Hyundai, and Honda, which makes the automotive sector especially well-positioned for expansion. Moreover, the environmental advantages of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and the increasing accessibility of refueling infrastructure are projected to drive substantial growth in the global market for FCEVs.
Rivalry with other sustainable energy sources
Although hydrogen fuel cells are among the most environmentally friendly energy sources on the market, they are not without competition from other renewable energy sources like wind and solar power. The rising cost competitiveness of these alternative energy sources in recent years may restrict the use of fuel cells in some applications. Additionally, the relative cost advantage of hydrogen fuel cells may decrease as the cost of solar panels and wind turbines rises, making it harder for them to capture market share in specific industries.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in multiple sectors, which in turn had a significant impact on the hydrogen fuel cell market. Initially, the pandemic caused demand to fluctuate, especially in the transportation sector, where the adoption of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) was slowed by reduced consumer spending and travel restrictions. At the same time, disruptions to global supply chains led to shortages of vital parts needed for fuel cell production, including membranes and platinum catalysts. Lockdowns and plant closures made production delays and costs even worse, which lowered industry investment sentiment. However, as businesses looked for reliable energy options during the crisis, interest in some industries, like stationary power generation, increased.
The Air-Cooled Type segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
Due to its benefits in simplicity and efficiency, the air-cooled type segment of the hydrogen fuel cell market has the largest market share. Because they don't require elaborate cooling systems, air-cooled fuel cells are lighter and simpler to incorporate into a variety of applications, especially in the automotive and portable power industries. Because there are fewer moving parts in this design, reliability is increased while maintenance needs are decreased. Moreover, in applications where weight and space are crucial, like fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and portable energy devices, the air-cooled variety is especially useful.
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cells segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
In the hydrogen fuel cell market, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) segment is anticipated to grow at the highest CAGR. This kind of fuel cell is well known for its effectiveness, lightweight construction, and capacity to function at relatively low temperatures. These qualities make it perfect for use in transportation applications, especially in fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). Additionally, the PEMFC market is anticipated to grow quickly as automakers concentrate more on creating FCEVs to satisfy consumer demand for zero-emission cars and stricter emissions regulations.
The North American region has the largest market share for hydrogen fuel cells. Strong industrial infrastructure, notable technological developments, and strict regulations supporting clean energy solutions are the main forces behind this dominance. With its varied industrial base that significantly depends on hydrogen fuel cell technology in industries like automotive, energy production, and stationary power generation, the United States, in particular, is a key player in this environment. Furthermore, the need to cut emissions and abide by environmental regulations is driving up demand for hydrogen fuel cells.
Over the course of the forecast period, the hydrogen fuel cell market is expected to grow at the highest CAGR in the Asia-Pacific region. Numerous factors, such as a notable increase in the population, rising disposable income, and an increasing need for energy solutions that lower carbon emissions, can be blamed for this rapid growth. Moreover, hydrogen fuel cells are acknowledged by the fastest-growing and most polluting economies in the region as an effective way to meet energy demands and simultaneously address environmental concerns.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Hydrogen Fuel Cell market include Ceres Power Holdings plc, Bloom Energy Corporation, Daimler AG, AFC Energy plc, Doosan Fuel Cell Co. Ltd., BMW Group, FuelCell Energy, Inc, General Motors Company, Ballard Power Systems Inc., Panasonic Corporation, Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology BV, Honda Motor Co. Ltd, Toshiba Corporation, Audi AG, Plug Power Inc., Volvo Group, Toyota Motor Corporation and SFC Energy AG.
In September 2024, Ceres Power announced that it has signed a key agreement with Thermax to licence its solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology, marking its entry into the fast-growing Indian clean energy market. The London-listed firm said the non-exclusive global licence would allow Thermax - a leading provider of energy and environmental solutions in India - to develop and manufacture SOEC systems based on Ceres' advanced technology.
In July 2024, AFC Energy PLC has inked a new strategic supplier agreement (SSA) with Germany's Zollner Elektronik, to scale the production of fuel cell modules for its S Series platform. The agreement represents a step-up in AFC Energy's efforts to meet the growing demand for its hydrogen power generation technologies.
In April 2024, Bloom Energy announced a power capacity agreement with Intel Corporation that the companies say will result in Silicon Valley's largest fuel cell-powered high-performance computing data center. The agreement calls for the installation of additional MW of Bloom Energy's solid oxide fuel cell-based Energy Server at Intel's existing high-performance computing data center in Santa Clara, California.