封面
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1662759

2030 年硫酸鈣市場預測:按類型、形式、等級、純度等級、應用、最終用戶和地區進行的全球分析

Calcium Sulfate Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Type (Dihydrate, Anhydrous Calcium Sulfate, and Hemihydrate), Form, Grade, Purity Level, Application, End User and By Geography

出版日期: | 出版商: Stratistics Market Research Consulting | 英文 200+ Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

價格

根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,2024 年全球硫酸鈣市場價值為 24.6 億美元,預計到 2030 年將達到 36.9 億美元,預測期內的複合年成長率為 7.0%。硫酸鈣是由鈣、硫和氧組成的化合物,在自然界中通常以石膏(二水合物)或無水硫酸鈣的形式存在。它廣泛應用於建築、農業和化學加工等各個行業。在建設業,石膏是製造乾式牆和水泥的主要原料。在農業中,它被用作土壤改良劑來改善土壤結構。此外,它還用於製造灰泥塗料、水處理和某些食品的添加劑。

根據中國造紙協會預測,2022年中國紙漿總產量將達8,587萬噸,較2021年成長5.01%。根據國家統計局預測,2022年中國建築業產值約4.9兆美元,成長3.8%。

石膏和水泥需求增加

熟石膏和石膏是硫酸鈣的兩種主要形式,是建築業使用的水泥和石膏產品的生產所必需的。隨著基礎設施計劃和都市化進程的加速,對乾式牆、石膏和水泥基材料的需求將會增加。節能和永續建築的興起趨勢青睞石膏基材料,因為它們具有耐用性和環境效益,這也推動了需求。因此,建築業的成長正在推動全球對硫酸鈣的需求。

原物料價格波動

原物料價格波動,特別是關鍵原料石膏的價格波動,對硫酸鈣產業是一個問題。石膏價格波動受到供應鏈中斷、採礦成本和全球需求的影響,進而推動了硫酸鈣的生產成本。製造商容易受到這些波動的影響,造成價格不確定性,並難以堅持一致的定價策略。此外,價格大幅上漲可能影響硫酸鈣製造商的盈利並增加最終用戶的成本,這可能會阻礙市場擴張,特別是在建設業等價格敏感領域。

不斷發展的建築業

硫酸鈣,尤其是石膏形式的硫酸鈣,是住宅、商業和工業建築計劃必不可少的乾式牆、水泥和石膏的關鍵成分。新興經濟體的快速都市化和基礎設施發展,以及對綠色建築和節能建築的投資不斷增加,進一步推動了對硫酸鈣基產品的需求。其耐用性、防火性和環境永續性等優良特性正在刺激其在不斷擴大的全球建築領域中被採用。

使用替代材料替代

建築和製造業的技術創新促進了環保且經濟高效的替代品的開發,例如鎂基產品、聚合物複合材料和合成替代品。這些材料通常具有高耐用性、靈活性和環境效益等性能改進,使其對建築和農業等行業具有吸引力。此外,永續實踐的監管壓力促使一些製造商探索硫酸鈣的替代品。隨著這些替代品在關鍵應用領域越來越受歡迎,它們可能會構成競爭威脅並限制硫酸鈣在某些市場的成長。

COVID-19 的影響

COVID-19 疫情以多種方式影響了硫酸鈣市場。建設活動的暫時停止和供應鏈中斷導致對石膏板和水泥等產品的需求下降,從而影響了市場成長。不過,由於藥品和醫用膏藥對硫酸鈣的需求增加,醫療產業減輕了一些損失。隨著經濟重新開放,建築業復甦並成為需求復甦的驅動力。持續的物流挑戰和原料價格波動繼續影響市場。

預計二水合物市場在預測期內將佔最大佔有率

由於二水合物在建築和農業行業中的廣泛應用,預計在預測期內將佔據最大的市場佔有率。在建築中,它是乾式牆、灰泥塗料和水泥的關鍵成分,對於住宅和商業計劃來說必不可少。在農業領域,需求是由其作為土壤改良劑、改善水的滲透和減少土壤壓實的作用所驅動。此外,其無毒和可回收的特性符合永續實踐,進一步鼓勵其在世界各地的綠色建築和農業解決方案中的應用。

預計預測期內水處理部門將實現最高的複合年成長率。

由於水處理能有效去除雜質並調節 pH 值平衡,預計在預測期內該領域將達到最高成長率。廣泛應用於工業和市政水處理過程中,防止管道和設備結垢。由於都市化和工業化,對清潔處理水的需求不斷成長,進一步推動了其應用。此外,日益增多的環境法規和永續性措施正在推動硫酸鈣作為水處理系統中的環保解決方案的使用。

比最大的地區

由於中國、印度和日本等國家的建築業蓬勃發展,預計亞太地區將在預測期內佔據最大的市場佔有率。其在乾式牆、灰泥塗料和水泥生產中的廣泛應用滿足了該地區日益成長的住宅和商業需求。此外,土壤改良等農業用途正在推動農業型經濟體的需求。該地區對永續建築實踐和工業成長的關注進一步加強了硫酸鈣市場的擴張。

複合年成長率最高的地區

預計北美地區在預測期內的複合年成長率最高。這是因為對石膏板和水泥等石膏基產品的高需求支撐了建築業的成長,尤其是在美國和加拿大。此外,使用石膏作為土壤改良劑可以提高農業生產力,從而推動農業地區的需求。日益嚴格的環境法規和對永續建築實踐的日益重視進一步推動了市場的成長,而工業應用的進步也促進了其日益成長的影響力。

免費客製化服務

訂閱此報告的客戶可享有以下免費自訂選項之一:

  • 公司簡介
    • 對其他市場參與企業(最多 3 家公司)進行全面分析
    • 主要企業的 SWOT 分析(最多 3 家公司)
  • 地理細分
    • 根據客戶興趣對主要國家進行市場估計、預測和複合年成長率(註:基於可行性檢查)
  • 競爭性基準化分析
    • 根據產品系列、地理分佈和策略聯盟對主要企業基準化分析

目錄

第1章執行摘要

第 2 章 前言

  • 概述
  • 相關利益者
  • 研究範圍
  • 調查方法
    • 資料探勘
    • 資料分析
    • 資料檢驗
    • 研究途徑
  • 研究資訊來源
    • 主要研究資訊來源
    • 二手研究資料資訊來源
    • 先決條件

第3章 市場走勢分析

  • 介紹
  • 驅動程式
  • 限制因素
  • 機會
  • 威脅
  • 應用分析
  • 最終用戶分析
  • 新興市場
  • COVID-19 的影響

第 4 章 波特五力分析

  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 買家的議價能力
  • 替代品的威脅
  • 新進入者的威脅
  • 競爭對手之間的競爭

5. 全球硫酸鈣市場類型

  • 介紹
  • 二水合物
  • 無水硫酸鈣
  • 半水合物

6. 全球硫酸鈣市場依形式分類

  • 介紹
  • 補水
  • 無水

7. 全球硫酸鈣市場依等級分類

  • 介紹
  • 食品級
  • 工業級
  • 醫藥級
  • 其他

8. 全球硫酸鈣市場(依純度等級)

  • 介紹
  • 高純度(99% 以上)
  • 標準純度(90-99%)
  • 純度低(低於 90%)

9. 全球硫酸鈣市場(依應用)

  • 介紹
  • 建造
  • 農業
  • 化工
  • 飲食
  • 藥品
  • 石油和天然氣
  • 其他

第 10 章 全球硫酸鈣市場(依最終用戶)

  • 介紹
  • 建材
  • 土壤處理
  • 水處理
  • 其他

第 11 章 全球硫酸鈣市場(按地區)

  • 介紹
  • 北美洲
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 法國
    • 西班牙
    • 歐洲其他地區
  • 亞太地區
    • 日本
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 澳洲
    • 紐西蘭
    • 韓國
    • 其他亞太地區
  • 南美洲
    • 阿根廷
    • 巴西
    • 智利
    • 南美洲其他地區
  • 中東和非洲
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
    • 卡達
    • 南非
    • 其他中東和非洲地區

第12章 重大進展

  • 協議、夥伴關係、合作和合資企業
  • 收購與合併
  • 新產品發布
  • 業務擴展
  • 其他關鍵策略

第13章 公司概況

  • Saint-Gobain
  • USG Corporation
  • Knauf
  • BASF SE
  • Etex Group
  • Cargill, Inc.
  • Votorantim Cimentos
  • Hindalco Industries Limited
  • Gyptech
  • Mosaic Company
  • LafargeHolcim
  • Delta Chemical Corporation
  • Lafarge
  • Raleigh Mineral
  • Gypsemna
Product Code: SMRC28620

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Calcium Sulfate Market is accounted for $2.46 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $3.69 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 7.0% during the forecast period. Calcium sulfate is a chemical compound composed of calcium, sulfur, and oxygen, typically found in nature as gypsum (dihydrate) or anhydrous calcium sulfate. It is widely used in various industries, including construction, agriculture, and chemical processing. In construction, it serves as a key ingredient in drywall and cement production. In agriculture, it is utilized as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure. Additionally, it plays a role in manufacturing plaster, water treatment, and certain food products as an additive.

According to the China Paper Association, China's total pulp production in 2022 reached 85.87 million tons, marking a 5.01% increase from 2021. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, China's construction output was valued at approximately $4.9 trillion in 2022, representing a 3.8% increase.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Rising demand for plaster and cement

Plaster of Paris and gypsum are the two main forms of calcium sulfate, which is essential for the manufacturing of cement and plaster goods used in the building sector. The demand for drywall, plaster, and cement-based materials rises as infrastructure projects and urbanization pick up speed. The growing trend of energy-efficient and sustainable buildings, which favor gypsum-based materials due to their durability and environmental advantages, is another factor driving this demand. As a result, the growing construction industry drives the demand for calcium sulfate worldwide.

Restraint:

Fluctuating raw material prices

Price fluctuations for raw materials, especially gypsum, a crucial raw material, provide a problem for the calcium sulfate industry. The fluctuations in gypsum prices, which are impacted by supply chain interruptions, mining expenses, and worldwide demand, can cause fluctuations in calcium sulfate production costs. Manufacturers are impacted by this volatility, which creates price uncertainty and makes it challenging to stick to a consistent pricing strategy. Furthermore, abrupt price increases may affect the profitability of calcium sulfate manufacturers and raise end-user costs, which may impede market expansion, particularly in price-sensitive sectors like construction.

Opportunity:

Growing construction industry

Calcium sulfate, particularly in the form of gypsum, is a key ingredient in drywall, cement, and plaster, which are essential for residential, commercial, and industrial construction projects. The rapid urbanization and infrastructure development in emerging economies, coupled with increasing investments in green buildings and energy-efficient construction, further boost demand for calcium sulfate-based products. Its properties, such as durability, fire resistance, and environmental sustainability, make it a preferred choice, fueling its adoption in the expanding global construction sector.

Threat:

Substitution by alternative materials

Innovations in construction and manufacturing have led to the development of eco-friendly and cost-effective substitutes such as magnesium-based products, polymer composites, and synthetic alternatives. These materials often offer improved performance, such as higher durability, flexibility, or environmental benefits, which make them attractive to industries like construction and agriculture. Additionally, regulatory pressures for sustainable practices have prompted some manufacturers to explore alternatives to calcium sulfate. As these substitutes gain traction in key applications, they pose a competitive threat, potentially limiting the growth of calcium sulfate in certain markets.

Covid-19 Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic had a mixed impact on the calcium sulfate market. The temporary shutdown of construction activities and supply chain disruptions led to a decline in demand for products like drywall and cement, affecting market growth. However, the healthcare industry's increased demand for calcium sulfate in pharmaceuticals and medical-grade plaster mitigated some losses. As economies reopened, the construction sector rebounded, driving a recovery in demand. Nevertheless, ongoing logistical challenges and raw material price fluctuations continued to influence the market.

The dihydrate segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The dihydrate segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, due to its extensive use in the construction and agriculture industries. In construction, it is a key ingredient in drywall, plaster, and cement, essential for residential and commercial projects. In agriculture, its role as a soil conditioner to improve water infiltration and reduce soil compaction boosts its demand. Additionally, its non-toxic and recyclable nature aligns with sustainable practices, further driving its adoption in eco-friendly construction and farming solutions worldwide.

The water treatment segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the water treatment segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate, due to its effectiveness in removing impurities and balancing pH levels. It is widely used in industrial and municipal water treatment processes to prevent scaling in pipes and equipment. The rising demand for clean and treated water, driven by urbanization and industrialization, further fuels its adoption. Additionally, stricter environmental regulations and sustainability initiatives promote the use of calcium sulfate as an eco-friendly solution in water treatment systems.

Region with largest share:

During the forecast period, Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share, due to the booming construction industry in countries like China, India, and Japan. Its extensive use in drywall, plaster, and cement production caters to the region's growing housing and commercial demands. Additionally, agricultural applications, such as soil conditioning, are boosting demand in farming-centric economies. The region's focus on sustainable building practices and industrial growth further strengthens the calcium sulfate market's expansion.

Region with highest CAGR:

Over the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, owing to High demand for gypsum-based products, such as drywall and cement, supports growth in the construction sector, particularly in the U.S. and Canada. Additionally, its use as a soil conditioner enhances agricultural productivity, driving demand in farming regions. Stricter environmental regulations and a growing emphasis on sustainable building practices further boost market growth, while advancements in industrial applications contribute to its expanding presence.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players profiled in the Calcium Sulfate Market include Saint-Gobain, USG Corporation, Knauf, BASF SE, Etex Group, Cargill, Inc., Votorantim Cimentos, Hindalco Industries Limited, Gyptech, Mosaic Company, LafargeHolcim, Delta Chemical Corporation, Lafarge, Raleigh Mineral, and Gypsemna.

Key Developments:

In January 2025, Saint-Gobain announces the introduction in the United Kingdom (UK) of plasterboard manufactured entirely from recycled materials, a world first for the Group. The Gyproc SoundBloc Infinae 100 marks a major milestone for the whole industry towards circularity as it is among the world's first plasterboards manufactured entirely from gypsum recycled materials.

In June 2024, CGC Inc., the Canadian division of USG Corporation, announced its partnership with supplier Groupe Beauchesne will expand beyond wallboard to include CGC's industry-leading ceiling products. The agreement comes into effect.

Types Covered:

  • Dihydrate
  • Anhydrous Calcium Sulfate
  • Hemihydrate

Forms Covered:

  • Hydrated
  • Anhydrous

Grades Covered:

  • Food Grade
  • Technical Grade
  • Pharmaceutical Grade
  • Other Grades

Purity Levels Covered:

  • High Purity (>99%)
  • Standard Purity (90-99%)
  • Low Purity (90%)

Applications Covered:

  • Construction
  • Agriculture
  • Chemical Industry
  • Food and Beverages
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Oil & Gas
  • Other Applications

End Users Covered:

  • Building Materials
  • Soil Treatment
  • Water Treatment
  • Other End Users

Regions Covered:

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • Italy
    • France
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • Japan
    • China
    • India
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • South America
    • Argentina
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of South America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Qatar
    • South Africa
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

  • Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
  • Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
  • Covers Market data for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, 2026, and 2030
  • Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
  • Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
  • Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
  • Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
  • Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

  • Company Profiling
    • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
    • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
  • Regional Segmentation
    • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
  • Competitive Benchmarking
    • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

  • 2.1 Abstract
  • 2.2 Stake Holders
  • 2.3 Research Scope
  • 2.4 Research Methodology
    • 2.4.1 Data Mining
    • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
    • 2.4.3 Data Validation
    • 2.4.4 Research Approach
  • 2.5 Research Sources
    • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
    • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
    • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Drivers
  • 3.3 Restraints
  • 3.4 Opportunities
  • 3.5 Threats
  • 3.6 Application Analysis
  • 3.7 End User Analysis
  • 3.8 Emerging Markets
  • 3.9 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

  • 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • 4.3 Threat of substitutes
  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants
  • 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By Type

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Dihydrate
  • 5.3 Anhydrous Calcium Sulfate
  • 5.4 Hemihydrate

6 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By Form

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Hydrated
  • 6.3 Anhydrous

7 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By Grade

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Food Grade
  • 7.3 Technical Grade
  • 7.4 Pharmaceutical Grade
  • 7.5 Other Grades

8 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By Purity Level

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 High Purity (>99%)
  • 8.3 Standard Purity (90-99%)
  • 8.4 Low Purity (90%)

9 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By Application

  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Construction
  • 9.3 Agriculture
  • 9.4 Chemical Industry
  • 9.5 Food and Beverages
  • 9.6 Pharmaceuticals
  • 9.7 Oil & Gas
  • 9.8 Other Applications

10 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By End User

  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Building Materials
  • 10.3 Soil Treatment
  • 10.4 Water Treatment
  • 10.5 Other End Users

11 Global Calcium Sulfate Market, By Geography

  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 North America
    • 11.2.1 US
    • 11.2.2 Canada
    • 11.2.3 Mexico
  • 11.3 Europe
    • 11.3.1 Germany
    • 11.3.2 UK
    • 11.3.3 Italy
    • 11.3.4 France
    • 11.3.5 Spain
    • 11.3.6 Rest of Europe
  • 11.4 Asia Pacific
    • 11.4.1 Japan
    • 11.4.2 China
    • 11.4.3 India
    • 11.4.4 Australia
    • 11.4.5 New Zealand
    • 11.4.6 South Korea
    • 11.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 11.5 South America
    • 11.5.1 Argentina
    • 11.5.2 Brazil
    • 11.5.3 Chile
    • 11.5.4 Rest of South America
  • 11.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 11.6.1 Saudi Arabia
    • 11.6.2 UAE
    • 11.6.3 Qatar
    • 11.6.4 South Africa
    • 11.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

12 Key Developments

  • 12.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
  • 12.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
  • 12.3 New Product Launch
  • 12.4 Expansions
  • 12.5 Other Key Strategies

13 Company Profiling

  • 13.1 Saint-Gobain
  • 13.2 USG Corporation
  • 13.3 Knauf
  • 13.4 BASF SE
  • 13.5 Etex Group
  • 13.6 Cargill, Inc.
  • 13.7 Votorantim Cimentos
  • 13.8 Hindalco Industries Limited
  • 13.9 Gyptech
  • 13.10 Mosaic Company
  • 13.11 LafargeHolcim
  • 13.12 Delta Chemical Corporation
  • 13.13 Lafarge
  • 13.14 Raleigh Mineral
  • 13.15 Gypsemna

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Region (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 2 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Type (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 3 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Dihydrate (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 4 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Anhydrous Calcium Sulfate (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 5 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Hemihydrate (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 6 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Form (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 7 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Hydrated (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 8 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Anhydrous (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 9 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Grade (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 10 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Food Grade (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 11 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Technical Grade (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 12 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Pharmaceutical Grade (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 13 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Other Grades (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 14 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Purity Level (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 15 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By High Purity (>99%) (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 16 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Standard Purity (90-99%) (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 17 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Low Purity (90%) (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 18 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Application (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 19 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Construction (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 20 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Agriculture (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 21 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Chemical Industry (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 22 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Food and Beverages (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 23 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Pharmaceuticals (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 24 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Oil & Gas (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 25 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Other Applications (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 26 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By End User (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 27 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Building Materials (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 28 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Soil Treatment (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 29 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Water Treatment (2022-2030) ($MN)
  • Table 30 Global Calcium Sulfate Market Outlook, By Other End Users (2022-2030) ($MN)

Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.