物聯網工程師的聲音：資料集與分析

VDC Research 每年都會進行大量基於網路的調查，並從嵌入式和企業技術決策者、研究人員、工程師和最終用戶的廣泛小組中收集數據。

本報告介紹了我們最新研究的主要亮點，該研究於 2024 年第三季完成了資料收集。本報告涵蓋硬體採購、嵌入式軟體堆疊、開發工具、網路安全要求、連接需求、邊緣人工智慧採用和供應商偏好等主題。對調查結果的分析和討論涵蓋了各種因素的細分。此報告隨附一個 Excel 文件，其中包含一整套調查結果，包括與關鍵人口統計和行為特徵相關的交叉表。

資訊圖表

涵蓋的問題：

• 在考慮嵌入式、邊緣和物聯網運算硬體的新供應商時，對於各種規模的組織來說最重要的是什麼？
• 各行業的工程組織最需要什麼類型的嵌入式硬體來支援其整合和開發需求？
• 哪些新技術和成熟的實踐正在推動商業軟體開發工具市場的變化？
• 您的軟體開發解決方案的哪些功能和特性正在推動最終用戶的需求？
• 靜態分析、動態測試、需求管理和虛擬原型等軟體開發工具最重要的產品選擇標準是什麼？
• 隨著安全性成為物聯網/嵌入式系統的首要關注點，工程師如何更好地保護他們的專案？商業供應商如何支持此類努力？
• 供應商將如何因應包括 ECU 和晶片在內的硬體虛擬化？

目錄

本報告內容

提出的問題

誰該閱讀這份報告？

執行摘要

• 主要發現

調查人口統計和概述

硬體趨勢

• 系統和組件需求：因行業而異
• 您的組織規模將決定您對嵌入式和邊緣硬體提供者的具體需求。
  • 加強邊緣系統
• OT伺服器：需要高端安全功能

軟體和工具趨勢：

• 人工智慧生成程式碼的使用預計將迅速增加
• 開源框架與工具引領人工智慧模型訓練
• 安全性、語言支援和易用性是選擇靜態分析的重要因素
• 軟體來源的變更需要 SCA 供應商採取動態方法
• 選擇虛擬樣機解決方案的重要決定特徵
  • MBSE 使用者產生的人工智慧使用體驗
• 更多採用雲端原生開發
• 整合需求管理解決方案的重要性
• 透過需求管理解決方案解決上市時間的影響
• 開源作業系統使用量增加
• 安全性和可靠性：仍然是購買決策的重要因素
• 對即時功能的需求不斷增長

OT 網路安全趨勢

• 產品開發人員認識到網路安全的重要性
• OEM 加大力度發現漏洞

虛擬ECU開發

• 考慮遷移到SDV和虛擬ECU
• 更快的上市時間推動虛擬 ECU 的採用
• 使用 E/E 系統軟體任務進行虛擬原型設計

附錄：市場定義

關於作者

關於 VDC Research

Inside this Report:

VDC Research designs, programs, and collects data from many web-based surveys launched every year to its extensive panel of embedded and enterprise technology decision makers, developers, engineers, and end users. The Voice of the loT Engineer report highlights key findings and takeaways from its most recent survey, which completed data collection in Q3 2024. Topics covered within this report include hardware sourcing, embedded software stacks, development tools, cybersecurity requirements, connectivity needs, edge AI adoption, vendor preferences, and others. The analysis and written discussion of survey findings cover segmentations spread across a variety of factors. The report is accompanied by an Excel file containing the full set of survey exhibits with associated cross-tabulations across major demographic and behavioral characteristics.

INFOGRAPHICS

What Questions are Addressed?

• What is most important to organizations of different sizes when considering new suppliers for embedded, edge, and loT computing hardware?
• Which types of embedded hardware offerings are needed most by engineering organizations from different industries to support their integration and development needs?
• Which emerging technologies and maturing practices are leading to shifts in the commercial market for software development tools?
• Which capabilities and functionalities of software development solutions are deciding demand factors for end users?
• What are the most important product selection criteria for software development tools for static analysis, dynamic test, requirements management, virtual prototyping, and others?
• As security becomes a primary concern across loT/embedded systems, how can engineers better protect their projects? How can commercial suppliers aid these efforts?
• How will vendors adapt to the virtualization of hardware, including ECUs and silicon?

Who Should Read this Report?

This report was written for those making critical decisions regarding product, market, channel, and competitive strategy and tactics. This report is intended for senior decision-makers who are developing loT, embedded and edge computing technology, including:

Table of Contents

Inside this Report

What questions are Addressed?,

Who Should Read this Report?

Executive Summary

• Key Findings

Survey Demographics & Overview

Hardware Trends

• System & Component Needs Vary by Industry
• Organization Size Dictates Specific Needs from Embedded & Edge Hardware Providers
  • Edge Systems Becoming More Hardened
• OT Servers Demand High-End Security Capabilities

Software & Tool trend:

• AI-Generated Code Use Expected to Grow Rapidly
• Open Source Frameworks & Tools Lead AI Model Training
• Security, Language Support & Ease of Use are Key Factors in Static Analysis Selection
• Shifting Software Sources Necessitate Dynamic Approach from SCA Vendors
• Key Decision Characteristics for Selecting Virtual Prototyping Solutions
  • Experienced Use of Generative AI among MBSE Users
• Increasing adoption of Cloud-Native Development
• The Importance of Requirements Management Solution Integration
• Addressing Impacts on Time-to-Market by Requirements Management Solutions
• Rising Utilization of Open Source Operating Systems
• Security and Reliability Remain Key Drivers of Purchasing Decision
• Increasing Demand for Real-Time Capabilities

OT Cybersecurity Trends

• Product Developers Acknowledge Importance of Cybersecurity
• OEMs Increasing Efforts to Discover Vulnerabilities

Virtual ECU Development

• The Transition to SDVs is Building Virtual ECU Consideration
• Reducing Time to Market Drives Virtual ECU Adoption
• Virtual Prototyping Driven by E/E System Software Tasks

Appendix: Market Definitions

About the Authors

About VDC Research

List of Report Exhibits

• Exhibit 1: Type of Organization Employing Respondent & Respondent's Primary Role
• Exhibit 2: Respondent's Region of Residence
• Exhibit 3: Respondent's Industry/Vertical Market
• Exhibit 4: Types of Hardware Purchases Mades by Respondent Organizations
• Exhibit 5: Most Important Selection Criteria When Considering Suppliers for Embedded and Edge Hardware Components, Systems, and/or Entire Solutions
• Exhibit 6: Rugged Form Factor Requirements for Current Edge Gateway & OT Server Projects & Expected for Similar Projects Three Years from Now
• Exhibit 7: Factors Driving OT Server Users/Developers to Adopt Virtualization/Hypervisor and Container Technology
• Exhibit 8: Actions OT Server Users/Developers Have Taken in Response to Security Requirements
• Exhibit 9: Consideration and Use of AI-generated Code
• Exhibit 10: Frameworks and Tools Used for Training AI Models
• Exhibit 11: Most Important Factors in Selection of Static Analysis Tool
• Exhibit 12: Most Important Factors in Selection of Dynamic Testing Tools
• Exhibit 13: Origin of Code by Industry, 2022 to 2024
• Exhibit 14: Most Important Characteristics When Selecting Virtual Prototyping Solution
• Exhibit 15: Consideration/Use of AI-generated Software/Code, by Software/System Modeling Tool Use
• Exhibit 16: Plans to Use Cloud-based Solutions to Develop Software, by Software/System Modeling Tool Use
• Exhibit 17: Tools Being Used in the Cloud
• Exhibit 18: Most Important Factors in Selection of Requirements Management/Definition Tools Being Used in Current Project, by Company Size
• Exhibit 19: Attributions of Delays to Project
• Exhibit 20: Primary Operating System Used on Current Project
• Exhibit 21: Primary Operating System Expected to be Used in Three Years
• Exhibit 22: Most Important Characteristics When Selecting the Primary Embedded Operating System for Current Project
• Exhibit 23: Capabilities/Features of Current Project
• Exhibit 24: Type of Real-Time Capabilities for Current Project
• Exhibit 25: Actions Respondent's Organization Has Taken in Response to Security Requirements
• Exhibit 26: Types of Embedded Security Software Included in Current/Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 27: Types of Embedded Security Hardware Included in Current/Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 28: External Exposure of Vulnerabilities/Security Failures
• Exhibit 29: Availability of Programs to Facilitate Reporting of Security Vulnerabilities Discovered by External Security Researchers (e.g., Bug Bounty)
• Exhibit 30: Current Use or Consideration of Virtual ECUs
• Exhibit 31: Biggest Perceived Advantages/Benefits of a Virtual ECU
• Exhibit 32: Type of Tasks in Which Virtual Prototyping Solutions are Used

loT & Embedded Engineering Survey *(Partial list)

• Exhibit 1: Primary Role Within Company/Organization
• Exhibit 2: Respondent's Organization's Primary Industry
• Exhibit 3: Total Number of Employees at Respondent's Organization
• Exhibit 4: Primary Region of Residence
• Exhibit 5: Primary Country of Residence
• Exhibit 6: Type of Most Current or Recent Project
• Exhibit 7: Involvement with Engineering of Embedded/Edge, Enterprise/IT, HPC, AI/ML, or Mobile/System Device or Solution
• Exhibit 8: Type of Purchase by Respondent's Organization
• Exhibit 9: Primary Industry Classification of Project
• Exhibit 10: Type of Aerospace & Defense Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 11: Type of Automotive In-Vehicle Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 12: Type of Communications & Networking Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 13: Type of Consumer Electronics Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 14: Type of Digital Security Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 15: Type of Digital Signage Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 16: Type of Energy and Utilities Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 17: Type of Gaming Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 18: Type of Industrial Automation Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 19: Type of Media & Broadcasting Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 20: Type of Medical Device Application for Most Current Project
• Exhibit 21: Type of Mobile Phone
• Exhibit 22: Type of Office/Business Automation Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 23: Type of Transportation Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 24: Type of Retail Automation Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 25: Type of Non-Manufacturing/Services Application for Most Recent Project
• Exhibit 26: Certification/Approval Standards Required for Current Project
• Exhibit 27: Highest Design/Development Assurance Levels (DAL) Required for Project Software (Aerospace)
• Exhibit 28: Highest Software Integrity Levels (SIL) Certification Required for Project Software
• Exhibit 29: Highest Automotive Software Integrity Levels Required for Project Software
• Exhibit 30: Capabilities/Features of Current Project
• Exhibit 31: Capabilities/Features Expected in a Project Three Years From Now
• Exhibit 32: Type of Real-Time Deadlines for Current Project
• Exhibit 33: Application's Shortest Response Deadline to a Time-Critical Input or Event
• Exhibit 34: Consideration of Key Trends: Electrification of Combustion Fuel Sources
• Exhibit 35: Consideration of Key Trends: Software-defined Functionality
• Exhibit 36: Consideration of Key Trends: Bill-of-Material/Sub-System Consolidation
• Exhibit 37: Estimated Length for Current Project (In Months)
• Exhibit 38: Current Project's Schedule Adherence
• Exhibit 39: Estimated Number of Years Current Project will be Manufactured Once Complete
• Exhibit 40: Estimated Number of Years of Useful Life for Product Once Deployed
• Exhibit 41: Attributions of Delays to Project
• Exhibit 42: Engineering Tasks Personally Involved
• Exhibit 43: Estimated Percent of Time Spent on Engineering Tasks
• Exhibit 44: Estimated Number of Full-Time Staff on Current Project
• Exhibit 45: Engineering and Development Work Outsourced to Third-Party Engineering Services
• Exhibit 46: Percent of Entire Engineering/Development Effort in Each Task that was Outsourced for Current Project
• Exhibit 47: Estimate of Number of Full-Time Engineers or Developers Employed by Organization
• Exhibit 48: Estimated Percent of Organization's Full-Time Engineers/Developers Working in Specific Roles
• Exhibit 49: Estimated Total Cost of Development for Current Project
• Exhibit 50: Estimated Bill of Materials for Current Project
• Exhibit 51: Estimated Units to be Shipped Per Year of Current Project
• Exhibit 52: Estimated Percent of Engineering Tasks/Domains Development Costs Spent on Specific Tasks
• Exhibit 53: Estimated Percent of Engineering Tasks/Domains Development Costs Expected to be Spent on Specific Tasks for a Similar Project Three Years From Now
• Exhibit 54: Estimate of Fully-Loaded Labor Costs for a Typical Engineer Involved with IT/Enterprise/Embedded Systems
• Exhibit 55: Estimation of Number of Defects Reported by Customer Per Year for Most Current Project
• Exhibit 56: Estimation of Number Software Patches Required by Customer Per Year for Most Current Project
• Exhibit 57: Estimated Total Combined Man-Hours of IT and Engineering Time Required for Each Defect Remediation
• Exhibit 58 Estimated Total Combined Man-Hours of IT and Engineering Time Required for Each Software Patch
• Exhibit 59: Estimated Percentage of Devices that Will Become Inoperable Each Year
• Exhibit 60: Primary Method for Updating Devices Once Deployed in Field
• Exhibit 61: Biggest Obstacle to the Development and Growth of the Connected/Software-defined Vehicle Industry
• Exhibit 62: Level of Automation of Respondent's Current Vehicle/Component Work
• Exhibit 63: Current Major Competition in the Software-defined Space, Automotive Respondents Only
• Exhibit 64: Expected Major Competition in the Software-defined Space Three Years From Now, Automotive Respondents Only

*For the full list of the 416 loT & Embedded Technology Voice of the Engineer Survey Exhibits available with this report, please see the Market Data .XLS.