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市場調查報告書
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1594843

全球食物過敏市場 - 2024-2031

Global Food Allergy Market - 2024-2031

出版日期: | 出版商: DataM Intelligence | 英文 203 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

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簡介目錄

概述

2023年,全球食物過敏市場規模達到401.6億美元,預計2031年將達到601.9億美元,2024-2031年預測期間複合年成長率為5.19%。

世界過敏組織記錄了全球食物過敏發生率的上升。雞蛋、牛奶、小麥、魚和堅果是最常見的過敏源。值得注意的是,海鮮過敏在亞洲比西方國家更為常見。市場成長與意識的提高、醫療需求的未滿足以及新穎產品的推出有關。

先進的診斷技術,如精製血液檢測、皮膚點刺測試和分子診斷,透過提高準確性和便利性來促進過敏識別。全球食物過敏診斷和治療市場展現出良好的發展潛力。這一前景源於對具有成本效益的治療替代方案的不斷成長的需求、診斷技術的發展、腎上腺素自動注射器等新產品的推出以及全球食物過敏發生率的上升。

必須應對藥品費用上漲等挑戰,以確保市場的持續成長。過敏治療資金的增加正在推動研究的進步和新藥物的供應。 2022年9月,COUR Pharmaceuticals成功完成3,000萬美元融資,Alpha Wave Ventures擔任主要投資者。

動力學

對無過敏原產品的需求不斷成長

全球範圍內規避食品和飲料過敏原的人數不斷增加(約 5 億,其中僅美國就有約 8500 萬),這表明食物過敏市場存在巨大的成長潛力。在過去的二十年裡,美國年輕人食物過敏的發生率與人口成長相比增加了約四倍。這種現像不僅限於美國;有證據表明,全球食物過敏現象呈上升趨勢,尤其是已開發國家和發展中國家的幼兒。

麥肯錫公司最近的研究表明,無論是直接受到過敏影響的消費者還是為患有過敏的人購買產品,消費者在穿過雜貨店通道以躲避過敏原時經常會遇到壓力。許多人投入大量時間分析產品標籤,有些人甚至避開整個產品類別。

此外,這些消費者通常會為優質的、無過敏原的產品支付高價,這表明他們更喜歡較小的、具有過敏意識的公司,而不是較大的同行,同時也在尋求新的產品替代品。在美國,超市無過敏原產品的支出高於平均水平,消費者每年花費近 190 億美元購買替代品或無過敏原商品。這項支出預計將持續呈上升趨勢,凸顯食物過敏領域的成長潛力。

人工智慧驅動的創新

由於人們意識的提高,食物過敏產業正在不斷擴大,這主要是由人工智慧 (AI) 技術的進步所推動的。人工智慧驅動的解決方案透過準確的產品標籤、成分評估和針對食物過敏者的客製化通知來提高人們的認知。這些進步使個人能夠迅速識別物品中的潛在過敏,從而促進安全和明智的決策。

人工智慧驅動的應用程式有助於掃描標籤和分析物質,從而提高過敏原意識,並使個人能夠有效管理自己的飲食需求,特別是那些患有嚴重、多種或罕見過敏且難以找到安全食品替代品的人。除了消費品之外,包括高光譜成像、機器學習、電腦視覺和傅立葉變換紅外光譜在內的人工智慧驅動技術也逐漸應用於食品服務和生產中的過敏原檢測。

非侵入性技術有利於食品品質評估和污染物識別,從而降低餐廳和加工設施中因交叉接觸而發生嚴重過敏反應的風險。隨著人們對食物過敏原的認知不斷提高,食品過敏市場有望大幅擴張,消費者和企業都強調安全性和透明度。

診斷和藥物費用高

與檢測和管理食物過敏(尤其是花生過敏)相關的大量費用對食物過敏行業構成了相當大的限制。研究表明,花生過敏每年會增加每人 304-400 歐元的醫療費用,此外還有 794 歐元的過敏反應治療費用和 470 歐元的腎上腺素自動注射器 (AAI) 處方費用。對於英國人口來說,每年這些費用總計估計為 4000-5300 萬歐元。此類費用可能會限制獲得充分診斷和持續治療的機會,因為個人和醫療機構可能會面臨這些額外的財務壓力。

價格上漲可能會阻礙預防策略、診斷程序和創新的、可能挽救生命的治療方法的實施。缺乏足夠保險或財務資源的個人可能會忽略過敏測試和管理,增加嚴重反應的風險。這種限制不僅影響患者,也阻礙食物過敏市場的成長,因為成本上升降低了對複雜診斷設備、治療和無過敏原產品的可及性和需求,阻礙了市場進步。

目錄

第 1 章:方法與範圍

第 2 章:定義與概述

第 3 章:執行摘要

第 4 章:動力學

  • 影響因素
    • 促進要素
      • 對無過敏原產品的需求不斷成長
      • 人工智慧驅動的創新
    • 限制
      • 診斷和藥物費用高昂
    • 機會
    • 影響分析

第 5 章:產業分析

  • 波特五力分析
  • 供應鏈分析
  • 定價分析
  • 監管分析
  • 俄烏戰爭影響分析
  • DMI 意見

第 6 章:COVID-19 分析

第 7 章:依食物來源分類

  • 乳製品
  • 家禽產品
  • 花生
  • 貝類
  • 小麥
  • 其他

第 8 章:透過診斷

  • 儀器儀表
  • 耗材
  • 服務
  • 測試
    • 體內/皮膚
    • 體外
  • 其他

第 9 章:透過治療

  • 腎上腺素
  • 抗組織胺藥
  • 口服免疫療法
  • 其他

第 10 章:按配銷通路

  • 醫院藥房
  • 零售藥房
  • 網路藥房

第 11 章:按地區

  • 北美洲
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 英國
    • 法國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙
    • 歐洲其他地區
  • 南美洲
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 南美洲其他地區
  • 亞太
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 澳洲
    • 亞太其他地區
  • 中東和非洲

第 12 章:競爭格局

  • 競爭場景
  • 市場定位/佔有率分析
  • 併購分析

第 13 章:公司簡介

  • Astellas Pharma, Inc.
    • 公司概況
    • 產品組合和描述
    • 財務概覽
    • 主要進展
  • Aimmune Therapeutics
  • Meridian Medical Technologies
  • ALK-Abello Ltd
  • Medeca Pharma AB
  • bioMeriux SA
  • Omega Diagnostics Group PLC
  • HYCOR Biomedical
  • HOB Biotech Group Corp Ltd.
  • Cambridge Allergy Ltd

第 14 章:附錄

簡介目錄
Product Code: FB8746

Overview

Global Food Allergy Market reached US$ 40.16 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach US$ 60.19 billion by 2031, growing with a CAGR of 5.19% during the forecast period 2024-2031.

The World Allergy Organization has documented a worldwide rise in the incidence of food allergies. Eggs, milk, wheat, fish and tree nuts are among the most prevalent allergies. Notably, seafood allergies are more prevalent in Asia than to Western nations. The market growth is linked to heightened awareness, unfulfilled medical demands and the launch of novel products.

Advanced diagnostic techniques, such as refined blood assays, skin prick tests and molecular diagnostics, promote allergy identification by augmenting precision and expediency. The global market for food allergy diagnostics and therapies exhibits favorable development potential. The prospects arise from the escalating demand for cost-effective treatment alternatives, developments in diagnostic technologies, the introduction of novel products such as epinephrine auto-injectors and the rising incidence of food allergies worldwide.

It is essential to tackle challenges, such as elevated medicine expenses, to guarantee ongoing market growth. The increase in financing for allergy treatments is driving progress in research and the availability of novel medications. In September 2022, COUR Pharmaceuticals successfully concluded a funding round of US$ 30 million, including Alpha Wave Ventures as a principal investor.

Dynamics

Rising Demand for Allergen-Free Products

The global rise in individuals circumventing allergens in food and beverages-approximately 500 million, with roughly 85 million in the US alone-indicates substantial growth potential in the food allergy market. In the last twenty years, the incidence of food allergies in American youths has escalated roughly fourfold compared to population growth. This phenomenon is not limited to US; evidence suggests a global rise in food allergies, especially in young children in both developed and developing countries.

Recent research by McKinsey & Company indicates that consumers, whether directly impacted by allergies or purchasing for someone who is, frequently encounter stress while navigating grocery aisles to evade allergens. Numerous individuals invest significant time analyzing product labels, with some even eschewing entire categories of products.

Moreover, these consumers often pay a premium for superior, allergen-free products, demonstrating a preference for smaller, allergy-aware firms over larger counterparts, while also seeking new product alternatives. In US, spending on allergen-free supermarket products above the average, with consumers allocating nearly US$ 19 billion yearly to alternatives or allergen-free items. This expenditure is expected to persist in its upward trajectory, highlighting the growth potential within the food allergy sector.

AI-Driven Innovations

The food allergy industry is expanding due to heightened awareness, mostly propelled by improvements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology. AI-driven solutions are improving awareness via accurate product labeling, ingredient assessment and tailored notifications for individuals with food allergies. The advancements enable individuals to promptly identify potential allergies in items, facilitating safe and informed decision-making.

AI-powered applications facilitate the scanning of labels and the analysis of substances, thereby enhancing allergen awareness and empowering individuals to effectively manage their dietary requirements-particularly those with severe, multiple or uncommon allergies who have difficulties in locating safe food alternatives. In addition to consumer items, AI-driven technologies including hyperspectral imaging, machine learning, computer vision and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are progressively employed in food service and production for allergen detection.

The non-invasive techniques facilitate the assessment of food quality and the identification of pollutants, thereby mitigating the risk of severe allergic reactions due to cross-contact in restaurants and processing facilities. As awareness of food allergens escalates, the food allergy market is poised for substantial expansion, with consumers and businesses alike emphasizing safety and transparency.

High Cost Of Diagnosis And Medication

The substantial expense associated with detecting and managing food allergies, especially peanut allergies, constitutes a considerable limitation on the food allergy industry. Research indicates that peanut allergies contribute an annual incremental healthcare cost of EUR 304-400 per individual, alongside supplementary expenses of EUR 794 for anaphylaxis treatment and EUR 470 for adrenaline auto-injector (AAI) prescriptions. For UK population, these expenses together total an estimated EUR 40-53 million annually. Such fees can restrict access to adequate diagnosis and continuous treatment, as individuals and healthcare institutions may contend with these additional financial pressures.

Rising prices can impede the implementation of preventative strategies, diagnostic procedures and innovative, possibly life-saving treatments. Individuals lacking adequate insurance or financial resources may neglect allergy testing and management, heightening their risk of severe reactions. This constraint affects both patients and hinders the growth of the food allergy market, as elevated costs diminish the accessibility and demand for sophisticated diagnostic equipment, treatments and allergen-free products, hence impeding market progress.

Segment Analysis

The global food allergy market is segmented based on food sources, diagnosis, treatment, distribution channel and region.

High Risk And Treatment Focus For Peanut Allergies

Peanut allergies dominate the food source segment due to the presence of potent allergenic proteins, including Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3, which are known for their ability to trigger severe allergic reactions. These proteins are particularly resilient, resisting both heat and digestion, which increases the likelihood of a reaction even in trace amounts. Peanut allergy is especially dangerous, as it can cause anaphylaxis-a severe, life-threatening allergic response-often with very small exposure to the allergen, making peanuts one of the most high-risk allergens globally.

This dominance is further underscored by the fact that peanut allergy is currently the only food allergy with an FDA-approved treatment, Palforzia, highlighting the seriousness and prevalence of peanut-related reactions. Other treatments, such as peanut oral immunotherapy, are in use to increase tolerance to peanut proteins but remain non-FDA-approved. This specialized treatment focus for peanut allergies, combined with the high-risk profile of peanut proteins, positions peanuts as a leading and particularly challenging subsegment in the food allergy market..

Geographical Penetration

Advancements in North America Diagnosis and Treatment

North America is a developed region characterized by substantial healthcare expenditure. It commands the global market owing to the increasing recognition of potential in allergy therapeutics. Consequently, American corporations are allocating resources to the research and development of anti-allergenic pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, emerging competitors are launching innovative items, resulting in heightened competition among manufacturers.

The significant prevalence of food allergies in US stimulates the need for better diagnosis and effective treatment solutions. US healthcare system is a market leader, recognized for its sophisticated infrastructure, extensive access to medical services and thorough allergy testing and treatments. Advancements in treatment have significantly contributed to market growth and development. Oral immunotherapy presents significant market potential.

Recently, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Palforzia for the treatment of peanut allergy in children. This oral immunotherapy seeks to mitigate allergic responses, including anaphylaxis, resulting from inadvertent peanut exposure. It is appropriate for children between the ages of four and seventeen who have a verified diagnosis of peanut allergy.

Competitive Landscape

The major global players in the market include Astellas Pharma, Inc., Aimmune Therapeutics, Meridian Medical Technologies, ALK-Abello Ltd, Medeca Pharma AB, bioMeriux SA, Omega Diagnostics Group PLC, HYCOR Biomedical, HOB Biotech Group Corp Ltd. and Cambridge Allergy Ltd.

Russia-Ukraine War Impact Analysis

The Russia-Ukraine conflict has intensified the worldwide food crisis, resulting in heightened awareness and demand for allergy testing as food insecurity amplifies worries regarding the safety of accessible food. Furthermore, logistical obstacles have postponed the distribution of allergy testing kits and associated diagnostic instruments, constraining market expansion in impacted areas.

Conversely, the persistent issue has prompted an escalation in governmental and humanitarian initiatives to bolster healthcare infrastructure in impacted regions, encompassing food allergy detection. Nonetheless, healthcare systems have been overwhelmed and resources are frequently redirected to urgent humanitarian requirements, so impeding the broad availability and accessibility of allergy diagnostic services. This has led to a heterogeneous effect on market expansion, presenting constraints in certain sectors while offering development prospects in others.

Food Source

  • Dairy Products
  • Poultry Products
  • Peanuts
  • Shellfish
  • Wheat
  • Others

Diagnosis

  • Instruments
  • Consumables
  • Services
  • Tests
    • In Vivo/Skin
    • In Vitro
  • Others

Treatment

  • Epinephrine
  • Antihistamines
  • Oral Immunotherapy
  • Others

Distribution Channel

  • Hospital Pharmacy
  • Retail Pharmacy
  • Online Pharmacy

By Region

  • North America
    • US
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • France
    • Italy
    • Spain
    • Rest of Europe
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Rest of South America
  • Asia-Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • Middle East and Africa

Key Developments

  • In March 2024, Gold Standard Diagnostics introduced the inaugural product of the new allergy PowerLine tests: the SENSIStrip Gluten PowerLine Lateral Flow Device. The device features a sensitive detection technology utilizing a monoclonal antibody to identify gluten residues in food matrices, rinse water and swabs.
  • In March 2024, ALS significantly enhanced and fortified its footprint in the Life Sciences sectors of Europe and US. ALS has acquired York Analytical Laboratories, located in Northeast US and Wessling Holding GmbH & Co., based in Western Europe.
  • In February 2024, Merieux NutriSciences inaugurated a state-of-the-art laboratory for food analysis in Maringa, Brazil. The newly established facility possesses federal CGRE/IMMETRO accreditation in accordance with NBR ISO/IEC 17025 standards, aimed at assisting the food industry in achieving quality benchmarks.

Why Purchase the Report?

  • To visualize the global food allergy market segmentation based on food source, diagnosis, treatment, distribution channel and region, as well as understand key commercial assets and players.
  • Identify commercial opportunities by analyzing trends and co-development.
  • Excel data sheet with numerous data points of the food allergy market-level with all segments.
  • PDF report consists of a comprehensive analysis after exhaustive qualitative interviews and an in-depth study.
  • Product mapping available as excel consisting of key products of all the major players.

The global food allergy market report would provide approximately 70 tables, 68 figures and 203 pages

Target Audience 2024

  • Manufacturers/ Buyers
  • Industry Investors/Investment Bankers
  • Research Professionals
  • Emerging Companies

Table of Contents

1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Research Methodology
  • 1.2. Research Objective and Scope of the Report

2. Definition and Overview

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Snippet by Food Source
  • 3.2. Snippet by Diagnosis
  • 3.3. Snippet by Treatment
  • 3.4. Snippet by Distribution Channel
  • 3.5. Snippet by Region

4. Dynamics

  • 4.1. Impacting Factors
    • 4.1.1. Drivers
      • 4.1.1.1. Rising Demand for Allergen-Free Products
      • 4.1.1.2. AI-Driven Innovations
    • 4.1.2. Restraints
      • 4.1.2.1. High Cost Of Diagnosis And Medication
    • 4.1.3. Opportunity
    • 4.1.4. Impact Analysis

5. Industry Analysis

  • 5.1. Porter's Five Force Analysis
  • 5.2. Supply Chain Analysis
  • 5.3. Pricing Analysis
  • 5.4. Regulatory Analysis
  • 5.5. Russia-Ukraine War Impact Analysis
  • 5.6. DMI Opinion

6. COVID-19 Analysis

  • 6.1. Analysis of COVID-19
    • 6.1.1. Scenario Before COVID-19
    • 6.1.2. Scenario During COVID-19
    • 6.1.3. Scenario Post COVID-19
  • 6.2. Pricing Dynamics Amid COVID-19
  • 6.3. Demand-Supply Spectrum
  • 6.4. Government Initiatives Related to the Market During Pandemic
  • 6.5. Manufacturers Strategic Initiatives
  • 6.6. Conclusion

7. By Food Source

  • 7.1. Introduction
    • 7.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Food Source
    • 7.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Food Source
  • 7.2. Dairy Products*
    • 7.2.1. Introduction
    • 7.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 7.3. Poultry Products
  • 7.4. Peanuts
  • 7.5. Shellfish
  • 7.6. Wheat
  • 7.7. Others

8. By Diagnosis

  • 8.1. Introduction
    • 8.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Diagnosis
    • 8.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Diagnosis
  • 8.2. Instruments*
    • 8.2.1. Introduction
    • 8.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 8.3. Consumables
  • 8.4. Services
  • 8.5. Tests
    • 8.5.1. In Vivo/Skin
    • 8.5.2. In Vitro
  • 8.6. Others

9. By Treatment

  • 9.1. Introduction
    • 9.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment
    • 9.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Treatment
  • 9.2. Epinephrine*
    • 9.2.1. Introduction
    • 9.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 9.3. Antihistamines
  • 9.4. Oral Immunotherapy
  • 9.5. Others

10. By Distribution Channel

  • 10.1. Introduction
    • 10.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 10.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Distribution Channel
  • 10.2. Hospital Pharmacy*
    • 10.2.1. Introduction
    • 10.2.2. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%)
  • 10.3. Retail Pharmacy
  • 10.4. Online Pharmacy

11. By Region

  • 11.1. Introduction
    • 11.1.1. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Region
    • 11.1.2. Market Attractiveness Index, By Region
  • 11.2. North America
    • 11.2.1. Introduction
    • 11.2.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 11.2.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Food Source
    • 11.2.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Diagnosis
    • 11.2.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment
    • 11.2.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 11.2.7. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 11.2.7.1. US
      • 11.2.7.2. Canada
      • 11.2.7.3. Mexico
  • 11.3. Europe
    • 11.3.1. Introduction
    • 11.3.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 11.3.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Food Source
    • 11.3.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Diagnosis
    • 11.3.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment
    • 11.3.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 11.3.7. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 11.3.7.1. Germany
      • 11.3.7.2. UK
      • 11.3.7.3. France
      • 11.3.7.4. Italy
      • 11.3.7.5. Spain
      • 11.3.7.6. Rest of Europe
  • 11.4. South America
    • 11.4.1. Introduction
    • 11.4.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 11.4.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Food Source
    • 11.4.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Diagnosis
    • 11.4.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment
    • 11.4.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 11.4.7. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 11.4.7.1. Brazil
      • 11.4.7.2. Argentina
      • 11.4.7.3. Rest of South America
  • 11.5. Asia-Pacific
    • 11.5.1. Introduction
    • 11.5.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 11.5.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Food Source
    • 11.5.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Diagnosis
    • 11.5.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment
    • 11.5.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel
    • 11.5.7. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Country
      • 11.5.7.1. China
      • 11.5.7.2. India
      • 11.5.7.3. Japan
      • 11.5.7.4. Australia
      • 11.5.7.5. Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 11.6. Middle East and Africa
    • 11.6.1. Introduction
    • 11.6.2. Key Region-Specific Dynamics
    • 11.6.3. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Food Source
    • 11.6.4. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Diagnosis
    • 11.6.5. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Treatment
    • 11.6.6. Market Size Analysis and Y-o-Y Growth Analysis (%), By Distribution Channel

12. Competitive Landscape

  • 12.1. Competitive Scenario
  • 12.2. Market Positioning/Share Analysis
  • 12.3. Mergers and Acquisitions Analysis

13. Company Profiles

  • 13.1. Astellas Pharma, Inc.*
    • 13.1.1. Company Overview
    • 13.1.2. Product Portfolio and Description
    • 13.1.3. Financial Overview
    • 13.1.4. Key Developments
  • 13.2. Aimmune Therapeutics
  • 13.3. Meridian Medical Technologies
  • 13.4. ALK-Abello Ltd
  • 13.5. Medeca Pharma AB
  • 13.6. bioMeriux SA
  • 13.7. Omega Diagnostics Group PLC
  • 13.8. HYCOR Biomedical
  • 13.9. HOB Biotech Group Corp Ltd.
  • 13.10. Cambridge Allergy Ltd

LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE

14. Appendix

  • 14.1. About Us and Services
  • 14.2. Contact Us