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市場調查報告書
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1642769

2025-2033 年按發電廠類型(雙循環發電廠、閃蒸汽發電廠、乾蒸汽發電廠)、最終用戶(工業、住宅、商業等)和地區分類的地熱發電市場報告

Geothermal Power Market Report by Power Plant Type (Binary Cycle Power Plants, Flash Steam Plants, Dry Steam Plants), End User (Industrial, Residential, Commercial, and Others), and Region 2025-2033

出版日期: | 出版商: IMARC | 英文 123 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

價格

2024年全球地熱發電IMARC Group規模達115.3GWh。目前,在豐富的地熱資源和有利的政府措施的推動下,北美佔據了最大的市場佔有率。

地熱能是一種再生能源,由大陸地殼內儲存的熱量產生。它起源於材料的放射性衰變,並利用將熱和水結合的熱液資源。廣泛應用於發電、建築供暖冷氣、金礦開採、牛奶巴氏殺菌等各種地熱設施。地熱能是一種永續的非傳統能源,有助於減少空氣污染,消除化石燃料的燃燒,並確保能源生產過程安靜、維護成本低、電力輸出高和經濟發展。因此,地熱能是一種容易取得、安全且持久的能源,其發電對環境影響最小。

地熱發電市場趨勢:

全球地熱發電市場主要受到電力需求不斷成長的推動。地熱發電為全球不斷成長的電力需求提供了環保、可靠、高容量且經濟高效的解決方案。與此一致的是,由於環境問題日益嚴重、全球暖化和呼吸道疾病病例增加,減少空氣污染的迫切需求有利於市場成長。此外,與風能、水力發電和生物能源等其他再生能源相比,地熱能的採用越來越多,可以歸因於該解決方案的各種優勢,包括最少的土地使用、零液體污染和高可用性。此外,引入水平鑽井技術來探索良好的儲層並以相對較低的成本生產地熱發電,也為市場成長提供了動力。除此之外,二元循環技術由於其效率、水庫永續性、高可靠性運作、環境友善性和增強的性能而在地熱發電廠中日益普及,正在對市場成長產生積極影響。此外,將人工智慧(AI)整合到地熱發電系統中,使平台具有智慧行為、學習和知情決策能力,正在為市場成長創造積極的前景。除此之外,最佳化生產流程和探索新水庫的廣泛研發(R&D)活動以及政府實施再生能源發電的各種措施預計將推動市場成長。

本報告回答的關鍵問題

  • 2024年全球地熱發電市場規模有多大? 2025-2033年全球地熱發電市場的預期成長率是多少?
  • 推動全球地熱發電市場的關鍵因素是什麼?
  • COVID-19 對全球地熱發電市場有何影響?
  • 根據發電廠類型,全球地熱發電市場的細分如何?
  • 基於最終用戶的全球地熱發電市場的詳細情形如何?
  • 全球地熱發電市場的重點區域有哪些?
  • 全球地熱發電市場的主要參與者/公司有哪些?

目錄

第1章:前言

第 2 章:範圍與方法

  • 研究目的
  • 利害關係人
  • 數據來源
    • 主要來源
    • 二手資料
  • 市場預測
    • 自下而上的方法
    • 自上而下的方法
  • 預測方法

第 3 章:執行摘要

第 4 章:簡介

  • 概述
  • 主要行業趨勢

第 5 章:全球地熱發電市場

  • 市場概況
  • 市場表現
  • COVID-19 的影響
  • 市場預測

第 6 章:市場區隔:依電廠類型

  • 雙循環發電廠
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測
  • 閃光蒸汽裝置
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測
  • 乾蒸汽設備
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測

第 7 章:市場區隔:按最終用戶

  • 工業的
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測
  • 住宅
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測
  • 商業的
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測
  • 其他
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場預測

第 8 章:市場區隔:按地區

  • 北美洲
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
  • 亞太
    • 中國
    • 日本
    • 印度
    • 韓國
    • 澳洲
    • 印尼
    • 其他
  • 歐洲
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙
    • 俄羅斯
    • 其他
  • 拉丁美洲
    • 巴西
    • 墨西哥
    • 其他
  • 中東和非洲
    • 市場趨勢
    • 市場細分:按國家/地區
    • 市場預測

第 9 章:SWOT 分析

  • 概述
  • 優勢
  • 弱點
  • 機會
  • 威脅

第 10 章:價值鏈分析

第 11 章:波特五力分析

  • 概述
  • 買家的議價能力
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 競爭程度
  • 新進入者的威脅
  • 替代品的威脅

第 12 章:價格分析

第13章:競爭格局

  • 市場結構
  • 關鍵參與者
  • 關鍵參與者簡介
    • ABB Ltd.
    • Ansaldo Energia SpA
    • Berkshire Hathaway Energy (Berkshire Hathaway Inc.)
    • Calpine Corporation
    • Enel SpA
    • First Gen Corporation
    • Fuji Electric Co. Ltd.
    • Halliburton Company
    • Mitsubishi Corporation
    • Ormat Technologies Inc.
    • Toshiba Corporation
    • Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Product Code: SR112024A6212

The global geothermal power market size reached 115.3 GWh in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach 149.4 GWh by 2033, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 2.88% during 2025-2033. At present, North America holds the largest market share, driven by abundant geothermal resources and favorable government initiatives.

Geothermal power is a form of renewable energy produced from heat stored within the continental earth's crust. It originates from the radioactive decay of materials and uses hydrothermal resources that combine heat and water. It is widely used in various geothermal establishments for electricity generation, heating and cooling buildings, gold mining, and milk pasteurizing. Geothermal power is a sustainable and non-traditional source that assists in reducing air pollution, eliminating the combustion of fossil fuels, and ensuring silent energy production processes, low maintenance, high power output, and economic development. As a result, geothermal energy is a readily available, safe, and long-lasting power source that produces electricity with minimal environmental impact.

Geothermal Power Market Trends:

The global geothermal power market is primarily being driven by the increasing demand for electricity. Geothermal power offers an eco-friendly, reliable, high-capacity, and cost-effective solution to the rising electricity demand across the globe. In line with this, the significant need to reduce air pollution due to rising environmental concerns, global warming, and the increasing instances of respiratory disease is favoring the market growth. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of geothermal power over other renewable sources, such as wind energy, hydropower, and bioenergy, can be attributed to the various advantages of the solution, including minimum land usage, zero liquid pollution, and high availability. Additionally, the introduction of horizontal drilling techniques to explore good reservoir formation and produce geothermal power at comparatively lower costs is providing an impetus to the market growth. Apart from this, the rising popularity of binary cycle technology in geothermal power plants due to its efficiency, reservoir sustainability, high-reliability operation, environmental friendliness, and enhanced performance is positively influencing the market growth. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in geothermal power systems to empower the platform with intelligent behavior, learning, and informed decision-making capabilities is creating a positive outlook for market growth. Besides this, extensive research and development (R&D) activities to optimize production processes and explore new reservoirs and the implementation of various government initiatives to generate electricity from renewable sources are anticipated to drive the market toward growth.

Key Market Segmentation:

Breakup by Power Plant Type:

Binary Cycle Power Plants

Flash Steam Plants

Dry Steam Plants

Breakup by End User:

Industrial

Residential

Commercial

Others

Breakup by Region:

North America

United States

Canada

Asia-Pacific

China

Japan

India

South Korea

Australia

Indonesia

Others

Europe

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Spain

Russia

Others

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Others

Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined along with the profiles of the key players being ABB Ltd., Ansaldo Energia S.p.A., Berkshire Hathaway Energy (Berkshire Hathaway Inc.), Calpine Corporation, Enel S.p.A., First Gen Corporation, Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Halliburton Company, Mitsubishi Corporation, Ormat Technologies Inc., Toshiba Corporation and Yokogawa Electric Corporation.

Key Questions Answered in This Report

  • 1. What was the size of the global geothermal power market in 2024?
  • 2. What is the expected growth rate of the global geothermal power market during 2025-2033?
  • 3. What are the key factors driving the global geothermal power market?
  • 4. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global geothermal power market?
  • 5. What is the breakup of the global geothermal power market based on the power plant type?
  • 6. What is the breakup of the global geothermal power market based on the end user?
  • 7. What are the key regions in the global geothermal power market?
  • 8. Who are the key players/companies in the global geothermal power market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

  • 2.1 Objectives of the Study
  • 2.2 Stakeholders
  • 2.3 Data Sources
    • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
    • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
  • 2.4 Market Estimation
    • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
    • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
  • 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global Geothermal Power Market

  • 5.1 Market Overview
  • 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
  • 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Power Plant Type

  • 6.1 Binary Cycle Power Plants
    • 6.1.1 Market Trends
    • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.2 Flash Steam Plants
    • 6.2.1 Market Trends
    • 6.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.3 Dry Steam Plants
    • 6.3.1 Market Trends
    • 6.3.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by End User

  • 7.1 Industrial
    • 7.1.1 Market Trends
    • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.2 Residential
    • 7.2.1 Market Trends
    • 7.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.3 Commercial
    • 7.3.1 Market Trends
    • 7.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.4 Others
    • 7.4.1 Market Trends
    • 7.4.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by Region

  • 8.1 North America
    • 8.1.1 United States
      • 8.1.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.1.2 Canada
      • 8.1.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.2 Asia-Pacific
    • 8.2.1 China
      • 8.2.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.2 Japan
      • 8.2.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.3 India
      • 8.2.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.4 South Korea
      • 8.2.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.5 Australia
      • 8.2.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.6 Indonesia
      • 8.2.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.7 Others
      • 8.2.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.3 Europe
    • 8.3.1 Germany
      • 8.3.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.2 France
      • 8.3.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.3 United Kingdom
      • 8.3.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.4 Italy
      • 8.3.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.5 Spain
      • 8.3.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.6 Russia
      • 8.3.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.7 Others
      • 8.3.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.4 Latin America
    • 8.4.1 Brazil
      • 8.4.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.2 Mexico
      • 8.4.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.3 Others
      • 8.4.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 8.5.1 Market Trends
    • 8.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
    • 8.5.3 Market Forecast

9 SWOT Analysis

  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Strengths
  • 9.3 Weaknesses
  • 9.4 Opportunities
  • 9.5 Threats

10 Value Chain Analysis

11 Porters Five Forces Analysis

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 11.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 11.4 Degree of Competition
  • 11.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 11.6 Threat of Substitutes

12 Price Analysis

13 Competitive Landscape

  • 13.1 Market Structure
  • 13.2 Key Players
  • 13.3 Profiles of Key Players
    • 13.3.1 ABB Ltd.
      • 13.3.1.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.1.3 Financials
      • 13.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.2 Ansaldo Energia S.p.A.
      • 13.3.2.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.2.3 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.3 Berkshire Hathaway Energy (Berkshire Hathaway Inc.)
      • 13.3.3.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.3.3 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.4 Calpine Corporation
      • 13.3.4.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.4.3 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.5 Enel S.p.A.
      • 13.3.5.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.5.3 Financials
      • 13.3.5.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.6 First Gen Corporation
      • 13.3.6.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.6.3 Financials
      • 13.3.6.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.7 Fuji Electric Co. Ltd.
      • 13.3.7.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.7.3 Financials
      • 13.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.8 Halliburton Company
      • 13.3.8.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.8.3 Financials
      • 13.3.8.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.9 Mitsubishi Corporation
      • 13.3.9.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.9.3 Financials
      • 13.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.10 Ormat Technologies Inc.
      • 13.3.10.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.10.3 Financials
      • 13.3.10.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.11 Toshiba Corporation
      • 13.3.11.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.11.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.11.3 Financials
      • 13.3.11.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.12 Yokogawa Electric Corporation
      • 13.3.12.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.12.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.12.3 Financials
      • 13.3.12.4 SWOT Analysis

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
  • Figure 2: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Volume Trends (in GWh), 2019-2024
  • Figure 3: Global: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Volume Trends (in GWh), 2025-2033
  • Figure 4: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2019-2024
  • Figure 5: Global: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Value Trends (in Billion USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 6: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Breakup by Power Plant Type (in %), 2024
  • Figure 7: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Breakup by End User (in %), 2024
  • Figure 8: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2024
  • Figure 9: Global: Geothermal Power (Binary Cycle Power Plants) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 10: Global: Geothermal Power (Binary Cycle Power Plants) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 11: Global: Geothermal Power (Flash Steam Plants) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 12: Global: Geothermal Power (Flash Steam Plants) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 13: Global: Geothermal Power (Dry Steam Plants) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 14: Global: Geothermal Power (Dry Steam Plants) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 15: Global: Geothermal Power (Industrial) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 16: Global: Geothermal Power (Industrial) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 17: Global: Geothermal Power (Residential) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 18: Global: Geothermal Power (Residential) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 19: Global: Geothermal Power (Commercial) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 20: Global: Geothermal Power (Commercial) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 21: Global: Geothermal Power (Other End Users) Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 22: Global: Geothermal Power (Other End Users) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 23: North America: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 24: North America: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 25: United States: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 26: United States: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 27: Canada: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 28: Canada: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 29: Asia-Pacific: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 30: Asia-Pacific: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 31: China: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 32: China: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 33: Japan: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 34: Japan: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 35: India: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 36: India: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 37: South Korea: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 38: South Korea: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 39: Australia: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 40: Australia: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 41: Indonesia: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 42: Indonesia: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 43: Others: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 44: Others: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 45: Europe: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 46: Europe: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 47: Germany: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 48: Germany: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 49: France: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 50: France: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 51: United Kingdom: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 52: United Kingdom: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 53: Italy: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 54: Italy: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 55: Spain: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 56: Spain: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 57: Russia: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 58: Russia: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 59: Others: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 60: Others: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 61: Latin America: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 62: Latin America: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 63: Brazil: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 64: Brazil: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 65: Mexico: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 66: Mexico: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 67: Others: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 68: Others: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 69: Middle East and Africa: Geothermal Power Market: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2019 & 2024
  • Figure 70: Middle East and Africa: Geothermal Power Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2024
  • Figure 71: Middle East and Africa: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Figure 72: Global: Geothermal Power Industry: SWOT Analysis
  • Figure 73: Global: Geothermal Power Industry: Value Chain Analysis
  • Figure 74: Global: Geothermal Power Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2024 and 2033
  • Table 2: Global: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Breakup by Power Plant Type (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Table 3: Global: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Breakup by End User (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Table 4: Global: Geothermal Power Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million USD), 2025-2033
  • Table 5: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Competitive Structure
  • Table 6: Global: Geothermal Power Market: Key Players