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市場調查報告書
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1479846

電力零售市場 - 2024 年至 2029 年預測

Retail Electricity Market - Forecasts from 2024 to 2029
出版日期: | 出版商: Knowledge Sourcing Intelligence | 英文 145 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

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簡介目錄

零售電力市場預計將以 4.78% 的複合年成長率成長，市場規模從 2022 年的 31,550 億美元達到 2029 年的 43,760 億美元。

電力零售是電力供應鏈的最後一步，將電力直接出售給最終消費者。它包括向住宅、商業和工業需求者分配和銷售電力。

零售電力不同於批發電力，後者涉及發電商、發行和大型工業消費者之間的交易。它在確保可靠、高效的電力供應以滿足多樣化的消費者需求方面發揮關鍵作用。電力流經各種中介機構，包括發電機和零售電力提供者。批發市場是電力生產商根據需求和燃料成本出售現貨或未來發電的地方。零售電力公用事業公司包括受監管的公共產業、競爭性供應商和市場競爭對手，確保為住宅和商業客戶提供充足的電力。零售電費影響顧客電價，批發電費影響零售電費。零售電力供應商確保向客戶提供適量的電力，從而確保可靠和安全的電力供應。

根據美國能源資訊署預計，2023年，美國公用事業規模設施將發電41780億千瓦時，其中60%來自石化燃料，19%來自核能，21%來自可再生，總合總量為4.18兆千瓦時。此外，據報道，小型太陽能發電系統發電量將增加736.2億度。

此外，2022 年 3 月，PowerFlex 和 Hydro One Limited 同意共同為安大略省市場開發分散式能源 (DER) 解決方案。該合作夥伴關係最初將重點關注安大略省總合20 兆瓦時的兩個電池能源儲存系統(BESS)計劃。 Powerflex 是 EDF 再生能源北美公司的一個部門，使用專有的能源管理系統 (EMS) 來列出承包BESS。該合作夥伴關係旨在加速能源來源脫碳，為客戶提供選擇並提高區域永續性和復原力。同時，Hydro One Limited 正致力於推出創新解決方案，透過增加分散式能源的使用來最佳化電網。這種夥伴關係將支持安大略省邁向低碳經濟。

從廣義上講，市場區隔是更廣泛的電力市場的一部分，重點關注最終消費者的需求，包括直接向消費者購買和銷售電力服務和產品。關鍵要素包括電力供應商、消費者、關稅和定價、法規、申請和計量以及客戶服務。消費者的範圍從家庭到企業和工業，收費系統包括固定費率方案、可變費率和分時費率。智慧電錶變得普及，使得即時監控消費量成為可能。

政府改善電力供應的措施預計將推動市場發展

旨在改善電力供應的政府措施對於推動電力市場至關重要。這些策略包括農村電子電網計劃、補貼和財政獎勵、官民合作關係、政策和法律規範、可再生能源目標、社區計畫以及能力建設和培訓。農村電網計劃涉及電網擴建和離網解決方案的引入。政府為可再生能源技術提供電費補貼和財政獎勵，使電費更便宜。電力是現代生活的重要組成部分，用於多種用途，包括照明、暖氣、冷氣、操作電器產品、電腦、電子產品、機械和大眾交通工具系統。

根據美國能源情報署的數據，2022 年美國終端用電力消耗量將比 2021 年成長 3.2%。主要用戶為商業部門1.3兆千瓦時和住宅部門1.5兆千瓦時。

此外，自2020年以來，世界各國政府已撥款1.34兆美元用於清潔能源投資，過去六個月宣布的新支出約為1,300億美元。這種放緩可能是暫時的，因為澳洲、巴西、加拿大、歐盟（EU）和日本正在考慮額外的政策方案。政府支出在清潔能源投資快速成長和乾淨科技供應鏈擴張中發揮核心作用。旨在加強國內清潔能源技術製造的對製造商的直接激勵措施目前總額約為 900 億美元。自全球能源危機爆發以來，各國政府也增加了針對消費者的短期紓困措施的支出。

此外，貿發會議敦促撒哈拉以南非洲國家利用其可再生能源蘊藏量，共同創造一個更清潔、更綠色的未來。儘管能源供應不斷增加，但該地區 50% 以上的人口仍然沒有電，這影響了健康、教育、減貧和永續發展。報告警告說，如果不進一步努力，到2030年，沒有清潔燃料的人數將增加到11億以上。獲得可靠的能源對於經濟發展、工業化、生產力和人類發展至關重要。

此外，官民合作關係透過讓私人公司參與發電、輸電和配電計劃來加速基礎設施發展。明確的政策框架鼓勵投資、公平競爭和消費者權利。可再生能源目標促進環境永續性並促進創新。社區為基礎的計劃使社區能夠管理自己的電力系統並促進社會和經濟發展。能力建構和培訓計畫將確保電氣化舉措的成功。

預計北美地區市場將成長。

在美國，新商業設施投資的增加加上工業化的快速發展正在增加整體電力消耗量。未來幾年，這一趨勢，加上加強發電的新計畫和政策，預計將進一步擴大中國的售電規模。美國能源資訊署短期能源展望報告顯示，2024年第一季美國向主要最終用戶的零售零售電量為9,700億度，較2023年第一季成長5.6%。消息人士進一步表示，住宅部門強勁成長8.7%，其次是商業部門成長4%，工業部門成長3%。預計年終整體消費量將成長3%。

此外，美國人口正在穩步成長，電力需求預計將進一步增加。根據人口普查局2023年12月發布的2023年人口預測，美國人口趨勢正在恢復到大流行前的水平，其中南方佔全國人口成長的87%，人口成長了140萬%。十一個主要州經歷了人口成長，包括新澤西州、俄亥俄州、堪薩斯州、阿拉斯加州、明尼蘇達州、密西根州和馬裡蘭州。

此外，技術採用的快速成長趨勢加上快速的都市化進一步需要穩定可靠的電力供應，預計這將推動未來幾年的市場成長。

電動車的普及正在加速，加上對新電網基礎設施的投資，創造了新的成長機會。例如，2023年10月，拜登政府宣布將投資34.6億美元用於58個計劃，這些項目將增強美國44個州電網的可靠性和彈性。此外，根據白宮2024年1月發布的新聞稿，迄今為止，美國電動車網路的投資已超過250億美元。

目錄

第1章簡介

  • 能源轉型現狀
  • 產業分析：檢視關鍵產業及其影響
    • 運輸
    • 大樓
    • 產業
    • 發電
  • 能源轉型的社會經濟影響

第2章調查方法

  • 研究設計
  • 調查過程

第3章執行摘要

  • 主要發現
  • 分析師觀點

第4章能源電力產業概況

  • 介紹
  • 能源產業概況
    • 世界能源產量（EJ）
    • 按燃料分類的能源結構
  • 電力業概況
    • 世界發電量（太瓦時）
    • 權力組合
  • 分析師觀點

第5章市場動態

  • 市場促進因素
  • 市場限制因素
  • 二氧化碳排放
    • 煤炭
    • 油
    • 天然氣
  • 清潔能源投資
    • 發電
    • 能源基礎設施
    • 最終用途
  • 建議

第6章 政府法規/政策

  • 介紹
  • 淨零承諾
  • 補償制度

第7章 電力零售市場：愛別

  • 介紹
  • 單相
  • 兩相
  • 三相

第8章電力零售市場：依合約類型

  • 介紹
  • 標準零售
  • 市場零售

第9章電力零售市場：依最終用戶分類

  • 介紹
  • 住宅
  • 商業的
  • 工業的

第10章電力零售市場：按地區

  • 介紹
  • 北美洲
    • 愛別
    • 按合約類型
    • 按最終用戶
    • 按國家/地區
  • 南美洲
    • 愛別
    • 按合約類型
    • 按最終用戶
    • 按國家/地區
  • 歐洲
    • 愛別
    • 按合約類型
    • 按最終用戶
    • 按國家/地區
  • 中東/非洲
    • 愛別
    • 按合約類型
    • 按最終用戶
    • 按國家/地區
  • 亞太地區
    • 愛別
    • 按合約類型
    • 按最終用戶
    • 按國家/地區

第11章近期發展和投資

第12章競爭環境及分析

  • 主要企業及策略分析
  • 市場佔有率分析
  • 合併、收購、協議和合作
  • 競爭對手儀表板

第13章 公司簡介

  • American Electric Power Company, Inc.
  • Alectra Inc.
  • Hydro One Networks Inc.
  • R&M Electrical Group Limited
  • Constellation Energy Resources, LLC（Constellation Energy Corporation）
  • 4Change Energy
  • Sumitomo Corporation
  • Ambit Energy（Vistra Corp）
  • Amigo Energy（Just Energy）
  • Aboitiz Power Corporation（Aboitiz Equity Ventures）
簡介目錄
Product Code: KSI061615881

The retail electricity market is projected to rise at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.78% to reach a market valuation of US$4.376 trillion by 2029, from US$3.155 trillion in 2022.

Retail electricity is the final stage of the electricity supply chain, where electricity is sold directly to end-use consumers. It involves the distribution and sale of electricity to residential, commercial, and industrial customers.

Retail electricity differs from wholesale electricity, which involves transactions between generators, distributors, and large industrial consumers. It plays a crucial role in ensuring a reliable and efficient supply of electricity to meet diverse consumer needs. Electricity flows through various intermediaries, including power generators and retail electric companies. Wholesale markets are where generators sell their electricity, either as spot or future-generated, depending on demand and fuel costs. Retail electric companies, including regulated utilities, competitive providers, and marketers, secure the correct amount of power supply for residential and business customers. Retail energy costs can influence customer prices, while wholesale energy costs affect retail energy prices. Retail electric companies ensure the right amount of power is delivered to customers, ensuring a reliable and safe electricity supply.

As per the U.S. Energy Information Administration, in 2023, the United States generated 4,178 billion kWh of electricity at utility-scale facilities, with 60% coming from fossil fuels, 19% from nuclear energy, and 21% from renewable energy sources, totaling 4.18 trillion kWh. It reported an additional 73.62 billion kWh of electricity generated from small-scale solar photovoltaic systems.

Additionally, in March 2022, PowerFlex and Hydro One Limited have agreed to co-develop Distributed Energy Resources (DER) solutions for the Ontario market. The partnership will initially focus on two Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) projects, totaling 20 MWh in Ontario. PowerFlex, a division of EDF Renewables North America, will provide a turnkey BESS using its proprietary Energy Management System (EMS), which offers real-time insights, historical reporting, asset dashboards, and consolidated billing. The partnership aims to accelerate the decarbonization of energy sources, provide greater choice to customers, and increase sustainability and resiliency in the area. Hydro One, on the other hand, is committed to embracing innovative solutions to optimize the electricity grid through increasing the use of Distributed Energy Resources. The partnership will help Ontario support its goal of becoming a low-carbon economy.

Comprehensively, the retail electricity market is a segment of the broader electricity market that focuses on end-consumer needs, involving the buying and selling of electricity services and products directly to consumers. Key elements include electricity suppliers, consumers, tariffs and pricing, regulation, billing and metering, and customer service. Consumers range from households to businesses and industries, and pricing structures can include fixed-rate plans, variable rates, and time-of-use pricing. Smart meters are becoming more common, enabling real-time monitoring of consumption.

Government Initiatives to increase people's access to electricity is anticipated to drive the market

Government initiatives aimed at increasing electricity access are crucial in driving the electricity market. These strategies include rural e-grid projects, subsidies and financial incentives, public-private partnerships, policy and regulatory frameworks, renewable energy targets, community-based programs, and capacity building and training. Rural e-grid projects involve expanding the electricity grid or deploying off-grid solutions. Governments provide subsidies on electricity tariffs or financial incentives for renewable energy technologies to make electricity more affordable. Electricity is a crucial component of modern life used for various purposes such as lighting, heating, cooling, and operating appliances, computers, electronics, machinery, and public transportation systems.

According to U.S. Energy Information Administration, in 2022, the total U.S. electricity end-use consumption was 3.2% higher than in 2021. Major user was commercial 1.3 trillion KwH and residential sector 1.5 trillion KwH.

Further, Governments worldwide have allocated USD 1.34 trillion to clean energy investment since 2020, with around 130 billion new spending announced in the last six months. This slowdown may be temporary as additional policy packages are being considered in Australia, Brazil, Canada, the European Union, and Japan. Government spending is playing a central role in the rapid growth of clean energy investment and expanding clean technology supply chains. Direct incentives for manufacturers aimed at bolstering domestic manufacturing of clean energy technologies now total around USD 90 billion. Governments have also increased spending on short-term consumer affordability measures since the start of the global energy crisis.

Additionally, UNCTAD is urging sub-Saharan African countries to utilize their renewable energy reserves and collaborate to create a cleaner, greener future. Despite increased energy access, over 50% of the region's population still lacks electricity, impacting health, education, poverty reduction, and sustainable development. The report warns that without further efforts, the population without clean fuels could rise to over 1.1 billion by 2030. Access to reliable energy is crucial for economic development, industrialization, productivity, and human development.

Furthermore, Public-private partnerships accelerate infrastructure development by involving private companies in electricity generation, transmission, and distribution projects. Clear policy frameworks encourage investment, fair competition, and consumer rights. Renewable energy targets promote environmental sustainability and drive innovation. Community-based programs empower local communities to manage their own electricity systems, enhancing social and economic development. Capacity building and training programs ensure the success of electrification initiatives.

The market is projected to grow in the North American region.

Growing investments in new commercial establishments coupled with rapid industrialization have increased the overall electricity consumption in the United States. In the coming years, this trend along with new schemes and policies in line to bolster electricity generation is anticipated to further expand the scale of retail electricity in the country. According to the U.S Energy Information Administration's "Short-Term Energy Outlook" report, in Q1 of 2024, US retail sales of electricity to major end-users stood at 970 billion kilowatt-hours which signified a 5.6% increase over Q1 of 2023. The same source further stated that the residential sector experienced a major growth of 8.7% in consumption followed by the commercial sector with 4% and industrial with 3%. The overall consumption is expected to grow by 3% by the end of 2024.

Additionally, the population in the United States is growing steadily which is expected to further increase the electricity demand. According to the Census Bureau "Vintage 2023 population estimates, released in December 2023, the country's population trend is returning to pre-pandemic level, with the Southern region accounting for 87% of the nation's population growth by adding 1.4 million residents. Major eleven states inclusive of New Jersey, Ohio, Kansas, Alaska, Minnesota, Michigan, and Maryland among others experienced positive growth in population .

Moreover, the booming trend of technological adoption coupled with rapid urbanization further necessitates a steady and reliable power supply which is anticipated to cause an upward market trajectory in coming years.

Bolstering growth in electrical vehicle adoption coupled with investments in new grid infrastructure establishments has provided new growth opportunities. For instance, in October 2023, the Biden Administration announced an investment of US$3.46 billion for 58 projects that would strengthen electric grid reliability & resilience across 44 American states . Moreover, according to the White House's January 2024 press release, more than US$25 billion has been invested in the US EV network to date inclusive of US$10 billion from the private sector .

Segmentation:

By Phase

  • Single Phase
  • Dual Phase
  • Three Phase

By Contract Type:

  • Standards Retail
  • Market Retail

By End-User

  • Residential
  • Commercial
  • Industrial

By Geography

  • North America
  • USA
  • Canada
  • Mexico
  • South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Others
  • Europe
  • UK
  • Germany
  • France
  • Italy
  • Others
  • Middle East and Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Others
  • Asia Pacific
  • China
  • Japan
  • India
  • South Korea
  • Taiwan
  • Thailand
  • Indonesia
  • Others

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1. Energy Transition Status
  • 1.2. Sector-wise Analysis: Examination of Key Industries and Their Implications
    • 1.2.1. Transport
    • 1.2.2. Buildings
    • 1.2.3. Industry
    • 1.2.4. Power
  • 1.3. Socio-Economic Impact of Energy Transition

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 2.1. Research Design
  • 2.2. Research Process

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 3.1. Key Findings
  • 3.2. Analyst View

4. ENERGY AND POWER INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Energy Industry Overview
    • 4.2.1. Global Energy Production (in EJ)
      • 4.2.1.1. Americas
      • 4.2.1.2. Europe
      • 4.2.1.3. Middle East & Africa
      • 4.2.1.4. Asia Pacific
    • 4.2.2. Energy Mix, By Fuel
  • 4.3. Power Industry Overview
    • 4.3.1. Global Power Generation (in TWh)
    • 4.3.2. Power Mix
      • 4.3.2.1. Renewable
      • 4.3.2.2. Non-Renewable
  • 4.4. Analyst View

5. MARKET DYNAMICS

  • 5.1. Market Drivers
  • 5.2. Market Restraints
  • 5.3. CO2 Emissions
    • 5.3.1. Coal
    • 5.3.2. Oil
    • 5.3.3. Natural Gas
  • 5.4. Clean Energy Investment
    • 5.4.1. Electricity Generation
    • 5.4.2. Energy Infrastructure
    • 5.4.3. End-Use
  • 5.5. Recommendations

6. GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS/POLICIES

  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Net Zero Commitments
  • 6.3. Remuneration Schemes

7. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY PHASE

  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. Single Phase
    • 7.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.2.2. Growth Prospects
    • 7.2.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 7.3. Dual Phase
    • 7.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.3.2. Growth Prospects
    • 7.3.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 7.4. Three Phase
    • 7.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 7.4.2. Growth Prospects
    • 7.4.3. Geographic Lucrativeness

8. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY CONTRACT TYPE

  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. Standards Retail
    • 8.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 8.2.2. Growth Prospects
    • 8.2.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 8.3. Market Retail
    • 8.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 8.3.2. Growth Prospects
    • 8.3.3. Geographic Lucrativeness

9. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY END-USER

  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Residential
    • 9.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 9.2.2. Growth Prospects
    • 9.2.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 9.3. Commercial
    • 9.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 9.3.2. Growth Prospects
    • 9.3.3. Geographic Lucrativeness
  • 9.4. Industrial
    • 9.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
    • 9.4.2. Growth Prospects
    • 9.4.3. Geographic Lucrativeness

10. RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY

  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. By Phase
    • 10.2.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.2.3. By End User
    • 10.2.4. By Country
      • 10.2.4.1. USA
        • 10.2.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.2.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.2.4.2. Canada
        • 10.2.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.2.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.2.4.3. Mexico
        • 10.2.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.2.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.3. South America
    • 10.3.1. By Phase
    • 10.3.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.3.3. By End User
    • 10.3.4. By Country
      • 10.3.4.1. Brazil
        • 10.3.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.3.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.3.4.2. Argentina
        • 10.3.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.3.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.3.4.3. Others
        • 10.3.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.3.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.4. Europe
    • 10.4.1. By Phase
    • 10.4.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.4.3. By End User
    • 10.4.4. By Country
      • 10.4.4.1. Germany
        • 10.4.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.2. UK
        • 10.4.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.3. France
        • 10.4.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.4. Spain
        • 10.4.4.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.4.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.4.4.5. Others
        • 10.4.4.5.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.4.4.5.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.5. Middle East and Africa
    • 10.5.1. By Phase
    • 10.5.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.5.3. By End User
    • 10.5.4. By Country
      • 10.5.4.1. Saudi Arabia
        • 10.5.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.5.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.5.4.2. UAE
        • 10.5.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.5.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.5.4.3. Others
        • 10.5.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.5.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
  • 10.6. Asia Pacific
    • 10.6.1. By Phase
    • 10.6.2. By Contract Type
    • 10.6.3. By End User
    • 10.6.4. By Country
      • 10.6.4.1. China
        • 10.6.4.1.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.1.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.2. Japan
        • 10.6.4.2.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.2.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.3. South Korea
        • 10.6.4.3.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.3.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.4. India
        • 10.6.4.4.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.4.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.5. Australia
        • 10.6.4.5.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.5.2. Growth Prospects
      • 10.6.4.6. Others
        • 10.6.4.6.1. Market Trends and Opportunities
        • 10.6.4.6.2. Growth Prospects

11. RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENTS

12. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT AND ANALYSIS

  • 12.1. Major Players and Strategy Analysis
  • 12.2. Market Share Analysis
  • 12.3. Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
  • 12.4. Competitive Dashboard

13. COMPANY PROFILES

  • 13.1. American Electric Power Company, Inc.
  • 13.2. Alectra Inc.
  • 13.3. Hydro One Networks Inc.
  • 13.4. R&M Electrical Group Limited
  • 13.5. Constellation Energy Resources, LLC (Constellation Energy Corporation)
  • 13.6. 4Change Energy
  • 13.7. Sumitomo Corporation
  • 13.8. Ambit Energy (Vistra Corp)
  • 13.9. Amigo Energy (Just Energy)
  • 13.10. Aboitiz Power Corporation (Aboitiz Equity Ventures)