市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1521095
全球電動車電池隔膜市場:預測(2024-2029)EV Battery Separator Market - Forecasts from 2024 to 2029 |
全球電動車電池隔膜市場規模預計在預測期內(2024-2029年)複合年成長率將超過17.45%。
電池由兩個電極組成:陽極和陰極。陽極和陰極是彼此相對放置的兩個薄條,由稱為隔板的間隔物隔開。隔板被電解浸出,使得在充電期間,電解促進離子從正極到負極的通道,並在放電期間阻止這種通道。這種類型的分離器是一種不具有導電性的隔離器。在電池中,隔膜是分隔負極和正極端子並允許鋰離子在正極端子之間移動的屏障,是一項重要功能。目前的鋰離子電池中,含有電解的橫膈膜僅佔電池體積的3%。
聚烯在市售鋰離子電池中用作隔膜。它具有良好的機械性能、高耐化學性,而且相對便宜。聚烯是由烯烴、特別是乙烯聚合製成的聚合物的例子。乙烯是從石化產品中獲得的有機化合物,而聚烯是由聚乙烯、聚丙烯或兩者製成的。鋰離子分離器必須具有滲透性,孔徑在 30 至 100 nm 之間。
鋰離子電池是快速成長的電動車市場中最有前景的解決方案之一,近年來席捲了美國汽車市場。預計到 2030 年,電動車將占美國所有消費性汽車的 40% 以上。過去 15 年電動車領域的大部分創新都可以輕鬆追溯到鋰離子電池的改進。
隨著越來越多的客戶尋求節能、高性能和低排放氣體的車輛,全球對電動車 (EDV) 的需求正在逐漸增加。鋰電池使該行業得以擴展並呈現多種形式,包括混合動力汽車、插電式汽車、全電池電動車、巴士、計程車、車隊和其他車輛。 Celguard 的鋰離子電池隔離膜為各種 EDV 電池配置中的安全性和能源功率性能的最佳組合提供了明顯的優勢。該公司提供各種分離器解決方案,滿足 EDV 系統的競爭性能要求,包括安全性、化學和尺寸穩定性以及循環壽命。
另一方面,Tekla 提供各種厚度的Mylar和 Melinex PET 薄膜、DuPont Teijin Films 的 Karadex PEN 薄膜和 Toyobo Film Solutions 的Teonex PEN 薄膜,用作鋰離子電池隔膜和電動汽車絕緣材料。這些薄膜也是軟性印刷電路、匯流排、電容器、馬達變壓器、燃料電池電纜和電線的理想選擇。
另一個例子是東麗公司提供的SETELA。這是一種功能強大且可靠的電池隔膜。它通常用作攜帶式電氣和電子配件以及電動汽車中使用的鋰離子二次電池的隔膜。同時,通用汽車 (General Motors) 和 MicroVast 業務部門均宣布有意於 2022 年 11 月在美國開設新的隔膜工廠。新工廠和分離器計劃得到了美國能源局電池材料加工和製造舉措2 億美元的津貼。
EVB 目前完全依賴鋰離子電池,預計未來也會出現類似的趨勢。此外,製造商在開發和實施 LIB 時優先考慮適當的生命週期管理,包括維修、再利用、回收和處置。隨著電池需求的擴大,電動車電池隔膜市場也有望擴大。根據IEA公告,汽車鋰離子(Li-ion)電池的消費量從2021年的約330GWh增加到2022年的550GWh,成長約65%。
同時,中國汽車電池的需求成長了70%以上,2022年電動車銷量較2021年成長了80%,但電池需求的成長部分被插電式混合動力車佔有率的擴大所抵消。 2022年美國汽車電池消費量成長近80%,但電動車銷量成長近55%。 BEV 和 PHEV 的全球銷售量正在超過 HEV,並且隨著 BEV 和 PHEV 電池性能的提高,電池需求也在增加。
陶瓷材料具有高耐熱性,黏劑提供塗層和黏性,以確保整個複合隔膜結構的完整性。透過提高熱穩定性,這些陶瓷塗層隔膜可以防止高溫下短路,並顯著提高鋰離子電池的安全性。此外,陶瓷塗層隔膜與電解和正負極材料表現出優異的潤濕性和保液性,大大提高了電池性能和耐用性。例如,Ube Maxell京都公司生產陶瓷塗層隔膜。對鋰離子電池的隔膜進行塗層可以改善電池特性。 Ube Maxell京都提供雙面塗層、黏合功能以及基於消費者規格的厚度變化。
陶瓷塗層隔膜由於其高熱穩定性和機械強度而有望成為電動車電池市場中成長最快的產品,這對於電動車中的高性能鋰離子電池至關重要。對更安全、更有效率的電池技術日益成長的需求正在推動這一市場的擴張。
全球電動車電池分離器市場的地理展望
電動車電池隔膜預計在亞太地區是一個巨大的市場。這是因為該地區電動車的使用量正在迅速增加,生產電動車的公司數量也在增加。特別是中國、日本和韓國,預計將成為先驅,因為它們的政府制定了法規來指導該行業,同時大力投資電池研究並促進環境保護宣傳活動。此外,該地區的電動車生產正在推動對高性能電池隔膜的需求,這對於提高電池效率和安全性至關重要。
根據日本汽車經銷商協會(JADA)和全國輕型汽車協會聯合會(Zenkei Jikyo)的統計,截至2022年終,日本電池式電動車(BEV)銷量為58,813輛,比2021年成長了2.7倍。純電動車佔比(純電動車佔乘用車銷量的比例)到2022年將上升至1.7%,2021年將超過0.6%,首次達到1%大關。在日本,隨著客戶考慮電動車對環境和經濟的影響,純電動車的銷量預計將進一步增加,該國製定了到 2035 年實現 100% 綠色汽車的強化目標。
然而,根據IEA的數據,電動輕型汽車(LDV)的鋰離子磷酸鹽電池約95%來自中國,其中比亞迪佔據最大的市場佔有率,達到50%。特斯拉貢獻15%,磷酸鐵鋰電池佔2021年的20%上升到2022年的30%。配備磷酸鐵鋰電池的汽車中約有85%是特斯拉汽車,其中大部分是在中國生產的。
然而,電池成本因地區而異,中國的平均價格最低,亞太其他地區最高。這種價差是由於約65%的電池芯和超過80%的正極是在中國製造的。這種充滿活力的環境凸顯了亞太地區在定義全球電動車電池隔膜市場方面所發揮的關鍵作用。亞太地區的特點是激烈的競爭和不斷的技術創新,以滿足不斷成長的需求。
The global EV battery separator market is anticipated to register a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of over 17.45% during the forecasted period (2024-2029).
A battery is made up of two electrodes: the anode and cathode, which are two thin strips that are placed opposite to each other and are separated by a spacer called a separator. The separator is leached with electrolyte in such a manner that when it is charged, the passage of ions from the cathode to the anode is encouraged by the electrolyte, while when it is discharged, this passage is discouraged. This kind of separator is an isolator with no electrical conductivity. In a battery, separators rank as an indispensable feature; they are barriers that hold apart negative and positive terminals while enabling the movement of lithium ions between both. In current Li-ion batteries, the separator containing electrolyte accounts for only 3% of the cell's volume.
Polyolefin is used as a separator in the publicly available lithium-ion batteries. It has good mechanical properties, high chemical resistance, and a comparatively affordable price. A polyolefin is an example of a polymer that is produced from the polymerization of olefin, particularly ethylene. While ethylene is an organic compound acquired from petrochemicals, polyolefin is produced through polyethylene, polypropylene, or both. The Li-ion separator must be permeable with pore sizes ranging from 30 to 100 nm (Nm stands for nano-meter).
Lithium-ion batteries, which stand as one of the most promising solutions in the rapidly growing electric car market, have captured the American automobile market in recent years. Electric automobiles have been projected to make up 40% or even more of the total consumer automobiles in the United States by 2030. Most of the innovation experienced in electric cars in the past fifteen years could be easily traced to improvements in lithium-ion batteries.
Global demand for electric drive vehicles (EDVs) is gradually increasing as more customers want fuel-efficient, high-performance, and low-emission automobiles. Lithium batteries have enabled the industry to expand and take on various forms, including hybrids, plug-ins, full battery electrics, and vehicles such as buses, taxis, and fleets. Celgard lithium-ion battery separators provide distinct benefits for safety and optimal combinations of energy and power performance in a wide range of EDV battery cell configurations. The company provides various separator solutions to meet the competing performance requirements of EDV systems, such as safety, chemical and dimensional stability, and cycle life.
Whereas Tekra provides Mylar and Melinex PET films, Kaladex PEN films from DuPont Teijin Films, and Teonex PEN films from Toyobo Film Solutions Limited in various thicknesses for lithium-ion battery separators and insulation in electric cars. These films are also ideal for flexible printed circuits, bus bars, capacitors, motor transformers, fuel cell cables, and wiring.
Another such example is SETELA, offered by Toray Industries. It is a highly functional and reliable battery separator film. It is often used as a separator for secondary lithium-ion batteries used in portable electrical and electronic accessories and electric cars. Alongside this, the GM (General Motors) and Microvast businesses announced intentions to establish a new separator factory in the United States in November 2022. The new plant and separator project was funded by a US$200 million grant from the United States Department of Energy's Battery Materials Processing and Manufacturing Initiative.
EVBs presently exclusively utilize Lithium-ion batteries, and the same trend is expected in the future. Further, proper life cycle management, such as repair and reuse, recycling, or disposal, is prioritized by manufacturers while developing and implementing LIBs. With the growth in battery demand, the EV battery separator market is anticipated to grow. As stated by the IEA, automotive lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery consumption climbed by around 65% to 550 GWh in 2022, up from roughly 330 GWh in 2021, owing mostly to an increase in electric passenger vehicle sales, with new registrations up 55% in 2022 compared to 2021.
Along with this, the battery demand for cars expanded by over 70% in China, and electric car sales increased by 80 % in 2022 than 2021, though the battery demand rise was partially compensated by a greater share of PHEVs. Battery consumption for automobiles in the United States rose by nearly 80% in 2022, when electric car sales only managed a rise of nearly 55%. The global sales of BEV and PHEV are overtaking HEV, and because the battery capabilities of BEV and PHEV are increasing, so does their battery requirement.
Ceramic materials are very heat resistant, whilst adhesives provide stickiness to ensure the integrity of the coating and the overall composite separator structure. By enhancing thermal stability, these ceramic-coated separators can significantly improve lithium-ion battery safety by preventing short circuits at high temperatures. Ceramic-coated separators also exhibit excellent wetting and liquid retention properties with the electrolyte and positive/negative electrode materials, resulting in greatly improved battery performance and durability. Ube Maxell Kyoto, for instance, makes ceramic-coated separators. Coating the separator, a component of lithium-ion batteries, helps to improve battery properties. Ube Maxell Kyoto provides double-sided coating, adhesive function, and thickness variations based on the consumers' specifications.
Ceramic-coated separators are predicted to develop the fastest in the EV battery market owing to their higher thermal stability and mechanical strength, which are critical for high-performance lithium-ion batteries in electric cars. The growing need for safer and more efficient battery technology fuels this expansion.
GLOBAL EV BATTERY SEPARATOR MARKET GEOGRAPHICAL OUTLOOK
EV battery separators are estimated to be a massive market in the Asia Pacific region because the usage of electric cars in this area has risen rapidly, and so has the number of companies manufacturing them. In particular, China, Japan, and South Korea are expected to be the torchbearers since their governments have set up rules to guide this industry while investing heavily in battery research and promoting environmental conservation campaigns. Furthermore, the region's dominance in EV production increases demand for high-performance battery separators, which are crucial for improving battery efficiency and safety.
From the statistics provided by the Japan Automobile Dealers Association (JADA) and the Japan Mini Vehicle Association (Zenkeijikyo), it was determined that by the end of 2022, 58,813 Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) were sold in Japan, with a 2.7-fold increase from 2021. The BEV ratio (BEVs as a percentage of passenger car sales) increased to 1.7% in 2022, surpassing 0.6% in 2021 and reaching the 1% mark for the first time. Sales of BEV would further increase in Japan as the country sets an enhanced goal of having 100% environmentally friendly vehicles by 2035, and customers consider the environmental and economic impacts of electric vehicles.
Nonetheless, per the IEA, about 95% of the lithium-ion phosphate batteries for electric LDVs (Light-Duty Vehicles) were sourced from China, and BYD holds the largest market share of 50%. Tesla contributed 15%, with its proportion of LFP batteries rising from 20% in 2021 to 30% in 2022. About 85% of cars incorporating LFP batteries are Tesla cars, and most were manufactured in China.
However, battery costs vary by area, with China having the lowest average price and the rest of Asia Pacific having the highest. This pricing disparity is caused by the fact that around 65% of battery cells and over 80% of cathodes are made in China. This dynamic environment highlights Asia Pacific's key role in defining the worldwide EV battery separator market, which is characterized by fierce rivalry and ongoing innovation to satisfy rising demand.