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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1250807
到 2028 年的熱電發電機市場預測 - 按溫度(熱、冷、中溫)、按組件、按類型、其他、全球分析Thermoelectric Generators Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Temperature (High Temperature, Low Temperature, Medium Temperature ), Component, Type, and Others |
根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,2022 年全球熱電發電機市場規模將達到 8530.8 億美元,預計到 2028 年將達到 16928.7 億美元,預測期內復合年增長率為 12.1%。
固態熱電發電機將溫差和熱流轉化為有用的直流電源。用於熱電發電的半導體利用塞貝克效應產生電壓。將此電壓施加到負載會產生可產生有用功率的電流。該發電機具有成本低、免維護、結構簡單、儲存安全、可利用可再生能源等優點。
根據歐盟統計局的數據,歐盟大約 26% 的電力、17% 的歐盟供暖和製冷部門以及 6% 的歐盟交通能源來自可再生能源。
一個可能的答案是使用熱電發電機,它可以將這幾瓦的電力用於照明、手機充電或操作電動抽屜等事情。如果熱電發電機的參與導致燃燒效率的提高,那麼熱電模塊的低效率將不是問題。它在 3 小時內燃燒 5-10 公斤木材,產生 17-34 千瓦/小時的能量。與熱電發電機產生的 5-30W 相比,改善這種燃燒對減少全球能源使用的影響更大。由於遠距離維護困難,在這種情況下建造溫差發電機主要是為了提供足夠的電力來運行抽油煙機、為手機充電和為照明供電等要求。
根據應用的不同,熱電發電機產生的每瓦電力最初可能比能量轉換方法成本更高。由於其成本高或市場化程度低,許多高特性或ZT熱電材料難以在熱電發電機中投入實際應用。根據應用的不同,熱電發電機的生命週期成本可能比其他技術便宜,儘管初始成本很高。此外,熱電發電機是免維護的,因此使用壽命成本更低。雖然有一些關於製造熱電發電模塊的知識,但很難找到必要的設計和工程經驗來有效地將熱電發電集成到應用程序中。這會減慢採用速度,對效率產生負面影響,並增加成本。
由於汽車、航空航天、國防和工業等許多終端用戶行業對能源的需求不斷增長,熱電發電機的市場也在不斷增長。此外,放射性同位素熱電發電機用於小型便攜式應用以及作為衛星和太空探測器的電源。對環境和污染問題,尤其是全球變暖的日益關注也推動了該領域的需求。
太陽能和壓電發電是熱電發電的典型替代方案。壓電固態電子將太陽光轉化為電能的效率為 10-15%,將太陽能轉化為太陽能的效率為 20-25%。熱電發電機市場面臨困難,因為前兩者的功率輸入比比 TEG 好得多,平均性能為 2-4%。熱電發電性能由溫度範圍和所需的功率輸出決定。製造商將受到影響,因為他們的設計需要根據應用進行調整。不同的行業和應用有不同的能量輸出和溫度要求,需要改變熱電發電機的架構,這會產生額外的成本。因此,這項技術的商業化提出了許多挑戰。目前用於產生熱電能的材料的效率是有限的。這制約了火力發電的市場拓展,預計未來仍將是重要的障礙。
Axiom MRC 獨特的 COVID-19 影響評估提供了全球熱電發電機市場的 360° 微觀和宏觀經濟視角。此外,它還深入研究了經濟、國家和貿易政策對全球熱電發電機市場需求方和供應鏈的影響。COVID-19 的爆發影響了全球經濟中的每個行業,正如政府的封鎖限制對許多行業的資本支出產生了不利影響一樣。在此期間,由於家電以及汽車、航空航天和工業等各個領域的需求下降,溫差發電機市場大幅下滑。消費電子和製造業等行業的全面停工對全球熱電發電機市場產生了嚴重影響。熱電發電機的消耗直接受到客戶對製造和家用電器需求下降的影響。
預計中溫(80-500℃)板塊增長良好。中溫熱電發生器利用熱電原理,通過加熱一個表面,冷卻另一個表面(排熱面),在模塊內部產生溫差。這些模塊專門設計用於在 320°C 下工作(對於 BiTe 材料),而 PbTe 等其他混合材料可以承受高達 600°C 的溫度。中溫熱電發電機的廢熱源包括催化裂化器、退火鍋爐冷卻系統和往復式發動機廢氣。
中等功率 (10-1kW) 部分預計在預測期內以最快的複合年增長率增長。與外觀龐大的傳統熱力發動機相比,熱電發電機更小、更簡單、更具可擴展性且更便宜。熱電發電系統可以在存在熱源和溫度變化的情況下運行。中等功率範圍從 10 kW 到 1,900 MW 的汽輪機被西門子(德國)等公司用於熱電聯產廠和其他工業場所。這些汽輪機用作壓縮機、泵或發電機驅動的機械驅動。汽輪機也經常用於可再生能源領域。由於其在汽車、航空航天和國防以及工業領域的應用,預計在預測期內,中功率熱電發電機類別將佔熱電發電機市場的很大一部分。
在預測期內,亞太地區預計將佔據最大的市場份額。該地區因其政府為建立可再生能源所做的努力而聞名。在中國和印度等新興國家,城市化、工業化和基礎設施建設正在推進,這正在推動市場擴張。
由於其先進的技術創新,預計北美在預測期內的複合年增長率最高。此外,隨著醫療保健、航空航天和汽車等許多行業對發電機的需求增加,市場有望擴大。競爭對手之間日益激烈的競爭以及該地區主要市場參與者的存在為市場擴張提供了潛在機會。此外,隨著汽車行業努力提高燃油效率,對發電機的需求將會增加,從而在研究期間推動該市場向前發展。
2021 年 4 月,Laird Thermal Systems 推出了 PCX 熱電冷卻器系列,以提高 PCR 循環的可靠性。它用於分析、醫學、醫療診斷和 DNA 擴增,並作為熱電冷卻器銷售,PowerCycling PCX 系列。
2018 年 4 月,Gentherm Inc. 推出了一種基於熱電的解決方案,用於汽車行業 48 伏鋰離子電池的熱管理。這種熱電技術完全集成到電池外殼中,可以加熱和冷卻鋰離子電池單元。
2014 年 3 月,Gentherm, Inc. 宣布推出新的熱力空調系統和用於床和家居的空調系統。
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According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Thermoelectric Generators Market is accounted for $853.08 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $1692.87 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 12.1% during the forecast period. A solid-state semiconductor thermoelectric generator converts temperature differences and heat flow into a useful DC power source. In thermoelectric generator semiconductors, the seebeck effect is exploited to generate voltage. When applied to a load, this voltage is utilised to generate electrical current and produce useful power. These generators are cost-effective, low-maintenance, simple to construct, safe to store, and they utilise renewable energy sources.
According to Eurostat, roughly 26% of the EU's electricity, 17% of the EU heating and cooling sectors along with 6% of EU transport energy are derived from renewable energy sources.
A possible answer is to use a thermoelectric generator, which can provide these few watts of electricity for lighting, cell phone charging, and operating electric extractors. Because when involvement of the Thermoelectric Generators leads to an improvement in combustion efficiency, the poor efficiency of the thermoelectric modules is not a problem. Around 5 to 10 kilograms of wood are burned over 3 hours, producing energy of 17 to 34 kW/h. Bettering this combustion has a much greater impact on reducing global energy use than the 5-30 W produced by thermoelectric generators. Because maintenance is difficult in distant places, the main requirements for the construction of the Thermoelectric Generators in situations like these are to provide enough electricity to run extractors, maybe charge cell phones, and provide power for illumination.
For some applications, thermoelectric generators may initially cost more per watt of electrical power production than energy conversion methods. Due to their high cost or difficult marketability, a number of high meritorious figures or ZT thermoelectric materials are difficult to use practically in thermoelectric generators. Depending on the application, the lifetime cost of a thermoelectric generator may be cheaper than that of other technologies despite the high initial cost. A thermoelectric generator's lifetime cost is further reduced by the absence of maintenance expenses. Although there is a fair amount of knowledge regarding the manufacture of thermoelectric generator modules, it is difficult to find the design and engineering experience required to effectively integrate thermoelectric generators into an application. This prevents widespread adoption, which has a negative impact on efficiency and raises costs.
The market for thermoelectric generators is expanding as a result of the rising energy demand across numerous end-user industries, including automotive, aerospace, defence, industrial, and many others. Moreover, radioisotope thermoelectric generators are employed in small portable applications and as power sources in satellites and space probes. The need for this sector has also been driven by growing concerns over environmental and pollution challenges, particularly global warming.
The most common alternatives to thermoelectric generators are solar energy & piezoelectric power generation. Piezoelectric solid-state electronics have an effectiveness of 10-15%, while solar energy turns sunlight into electricity with 20-25% efficiency. The market for thermoelectric generators faces difficulties because the former two have much better output-to-input ratios than TEGs, and they have an average performance of 2-4%. The temperature range and necessary output power determine how well thermoelectric generators work. Manufacturers are impacted since the design needs to be adjusted based on the application. The architecture of thermoelectric generators must be modified, which costs extra money, because different industries & applications have variable energy output and temperature requirements. The commercialisation of this technology faces a lot of difficulties because of this. The efficiency of currently employed materials for the production of thermoelectric energy is constrained. This restrains the market's expansion for thermoelectric generators and is anticipated to be a key impediment going forward.
Using the unique COVID-19 impact evaluation by Axiom MRC, the global market for thermoelectric generators is subjected to a 360-degree examination of micro and macroeconomic aspects. Moreover, a thorough examination of the impact of economic, national, and trade policies on the demand side and supply chain of the global market for thermoelectric generators. As the government-imposed lockdown limitations, which had a detrimental impact on capital investments in numerous sectors, the COVID-19 outbreaks had an effect on all industries in the global economy. Due to falling consumer electronics demand as well as diminishing demand in a variety of other sectors, including automotive, aerospace, industrial, and many more, the thermoelectric generator market has seen a considerable decline during this time. The entire shutdown of industries like consumer electronics and manufacturing has seriously impacted the global market for thermoelectric generators. The consumption for thermoelectric generators has been directly impacted by the decrease in customer demand for manufacturing goods and consumer electronics.
The medium-temperature (80-500°C) segment is estimated to have a lucrative growth. The Thermoelectric Principle is used by medium-temperature thermoelectric generators to create a temperature difference within the module by heating one side and cooling the other (heat elimination side). These modules have been designed specifically to function at 320 °C (for BiTe materials), though other hybrid materials like PbTe can withstand temperatures of up to 600 °C. The waste heat sources for medium-temperature thermoelectric generators include catalytic crackers, annealing boiler cooling systems, and reciprocating engine exhausts.
The medium-power (10-1 kW) segment is anticipated to witness the fastest CAGR growth during the forecast period. Thermoelectric generators are small, straightforward, scalable, and less expensive than conventional heat engines, which seem to be enormous. Thermoelectric systems are built to operate in the presence of heat sources and temperature variations. Steam turbines with a medium power range of 10 kW to 1,900 MW are used in cogeneration plants and other industrial settings by companies like Siemens (Germany). These steam turbines are used as mechanical drives for compressors, pumps, or generator drives. Steam turbines are frequently used in the field of renewable energy. Due to its use in the automotive, aerospace & defence, and industrial sectors, the medium-power thermoelectric generator category is expected to hold the major proportion of the thermoelectric generators market over the forecast time frame.
Asia Pacific is projected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period. Governmental efforts to establish renewable energy sources in the region's nations can be credited with this. Additionally, the growing urbanisation, industrialization, and development of infrastructure in developing nations like China and India is fostering market expansion.
North America is projected to have the highest CAGR over the forecast period, owing to region's growing technical advancements. Moreover, the market will expand as a result of the expanding need for generators in many industries, including healthcare, aerospace, automotive, and others. A number of potential chances for market expansion are presented by the increasing rivalry among rivals and the presence of the major market players throughout the region. Also, as the car industry works to increase fuel efficiency, there will be an increase in demand for generators, which will propel this market ahead throughout the study period.
Some of the key players profiled in the Thermoelectric Generators Market include Yamaha Corporation, Marlow Industries, Inc., Ferrotec Corporation, Kryotherm Company, Komatsu Ltd., Laird plc, Thermo Electric Company, Inc., Phononic Devices, Evident Thermoelectrics, Gentherm, Inc., Toshiba Corporation and Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
In April 2021, Laird Thermal Systems launched the PCX Thermoelectric Cooler Series to increase the reliability of PCR cycling. It is used for Analytical, Medical, Medical Diagnostics, and DNA Amplification and is available as thermoelectric coolers, PowerCycling PCX Series.
In April 2018, Gentherm Inc. launched a thermoelectric based solution for 48-volt lithium-ion battery thermal management for the automotive industry. This thermoelectric technology is fully integrated into the battery housing and is able to heat and cool the lithium-ion battery cells.
In March 2014, Gentherm, Inc. announced the launch of a new thermal air conditioning system, as well as an air conditioning system for beds and household furniture.
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Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.