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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1494842
2030 年氫能能源儲存市場預測:按儲存類型、條件、技術、最終用戶和地區進行的全球分析Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Storage Type (Stationary Storage, Chemical Storage and Physical Storage and Other Storage Types), State (Gas, Liquid and Solid), Technology, End User and By Geography |
根據Stratistics MRC預測,2024年全球氫能能源儲存市場規模將達180.7億美元,預計2030年將達到304.7億美元,預測期內年複合成長率為9.1%。
氫能能源儲存相對於傳統能源儲存系統具有許多優勢,是以氫氣形式儲存能量的尖端技術。它是一種利用太陽能和風能等再生能源來源產生的電力,透過電解過程將水分解為氫氣和氧氣來生產氫氣的技術。然後氫氣以液體形式、壓縮氣體形式或化學結合在金屬氫化物中儲存在低溫下。
國際能源總署(IEA)表示,氫能能源儲存是實現永續能源未來和實現全球脫碳目標的重要技術。
可再生能源併網
太陽能發電和風力發電等可再生能源發電,就其本質而言,只有在陽光或風吹動時才會產生能量。這種間歇性使得電網供需難以平衡。此外,能源儲存可以幫助解決這個問題,當產量超過需求時,氫能儲存多餘的可再生能源,並在產量較低時將其轉換回電力。由於這些特性,氫在維持電網穩定性和增加可再生能源在能源結構中的佔有率方面發揮著重要作用。
初始價格高
氫能能源儲存系統高昂的初始成本是其普及的主要障礙。這些成本包括燃料電池、配電基礎設施、儲存槽和電解的初始投資。電解尤其昂貴,因為它需要精密工程和先進材料。此外,安全運輸和儲存氫氣所需的基礎設施,例如專用管道和高壓罐,也推高了整體成本。
儲氫技術開發
氫儲存技術的持續研究和開發正在創造更有效、更安全和更便宜的儲存解決方案的新前景。與傳統技術相比,金屬氫化物和碳基材料等固體儲存的進步提供了更高的能量密度和安全性。高壓儲槽和低溫儲存的技術進步也增加了儲氫在各種應用中的潛力。此外,技術進步對於克服當前障礙並提高氫儲存作為大規模能源儲存和運輸選擇的吸引力至關重要。
來自替代能源儲存技術的威脅
鋰離子電池、抽水蓄能、壓縮空氣能源儲存等替代能源儲存技術對氫能能源儲存市場構成重大威脅。憑藉成熟的供應鏈、製造能力和規模經濟,這些技術已經實現了顯著的市場滲透。特別是對於需要快速反應時間和高功率密度的應用,鋰離子電池成本顯著降低,性能提高,使其成為儲氫的有力競爭對手。
氫能能源儲存市場受到了COVID-19大流行的嚴重影響,包括供應鏈中斷、計劃開發延遲和經濟不確定性。封鎖措施、旅行限制和勞動力中斷導致氫基礎設施計劃部署和研究活動放緩,導致計劃延誤和成本超支。此外,疫情導致工業活動和能源需求減少,特別是在運輸、製造和建築等行業,減少了對氫氣作為原料和能源載體的迫切需求。
化學品儲存產業預計在預測期內規模最大
化學品儲存預計將佔據最大的市場佔有率。化學儲存是將氫儲存在具有高能量密度和長保存期限的化合物中的過程,例如金屬氫化物或液態有機氫載體。例如,金屬氫化物吸收氫氣形成穩定的化合物,並在需要時透過減壓或加熱釋放氫氣。此外,這些化學儲存技術在氫氣儲存和釋放方面有效且靈活,使其適合工業製程、電網平衡和可再生能源整合中的固定應用。
預計天然氣領域在預測期內年複合成長率最高。
預測年複合成長率最高的產業是天然氣儲存。氣體儲存意味著將氫氣保持氣態以供以後使用。這通常在地下洞穴或高壓罐中完成,提供高能量密度和快速反應時間。需要快速頻繁循環的應用(例如備用發電、抑低尖峰負載和電網穩定)非常適合這種方法。此外,氣體儲存系統具有適應性和擴充性,可適應能源供應和需求的波動。
氫能能源儲存市場以亞太地區為主。許多政府措施和投資,特別是在中國、韓國和日本等國家,都支持氫技術的主導地位。這些國家的氫能政策旨在整合可再生能源、普及氫燃料電池汽車、實現經濟脫碳。此外,亞太地區強大的工業基礎和對清潔能源解決方案不斷成長的需求也有助於該地區在氫能能源儲存領域的領先地位。
在全球能源儲存市場中,歐洲預計將以最高的年複合成長率成長。嚴格的環境法規、對氫基礎設施和技術的高投資以及雄心勃勃的可再生能源目標正在推動這一成長。歐盟 (EU) 旨在透過綠色新政和氫戰略,以及旨在擴大氫生產、儲存和分配的計劃,成為氫技術的世界領導者。然而,激勵法、財政獎勵以及產業相關人員、政府機構和學術機構之間的合作也促進了創新和市場擴張。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market is accounted for $18.07 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $30.47 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 9.1% during the forecast period. With many benefits over conventional energy storage systems, hydrogen energy storage is a cutting-edge technique for storing energy in the form of hydrogen gas. With the use of electricity, which is frequently generated from renewable energy sources like solar or wind power; this technology produces hydrogen by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen through the process of electrolysis. Subsequently, the hydrogen can be kept in liquid form at cryogenic temperatures, in compressed gas form, or chemically bound within metal hydrides.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), hydrogen energy storage is a crucial technology for achieving a sustainable energy future and meeting global decarbonisation targets.
Integration of renewable energy
Due to the fact that they are by nature sporadic, renewable energy sources like solar and wind power only generate energy when the sun or wind blows. It becomes difficult to balance supply and demand on the grid as a result of this intermittency. Additionally, by storing extra renewable energy when output exceeds demand and converting it back to electricity during times of low production, hydrogen energy storage can help solve this problem. Because of this property, hydrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining grid stability and facilitating the increased share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix.
High starting prices
The substantial upfront costs of hydrogen energy storage systems present a major obstacle to their widespread adoption. These expenses cover the initial investment in fuel cells, distribution infrastructure, hydrogen storage tanks, and electrolysis units. In particular, electrolysis is costly because it needs precise engineering and sophisticated materials. Furthermore, the infrastructure needed to safely transport and store hydrogen, such as specialized pipelines and high-pressure tanks, raises the overall cost as well.
Technological developments in hydrogen storage
New prospects for more effective, secure, and affordable storage solutions are being created by ongoing research and development in hydrogen storage technologies. Compared to conventional techniques, advances in solid-state storage, such as metal hydrides and carbon-based materials, offer higher energy densities and enhanced safety. Technological advances in high-pressure tanks and cryogenic storage are also improving the viability of hydrogen storage for a range of uses. Moreover, in order to overcome the current obstacles and increase the appeal of hydrogen storage as a large-scale energy storage and transportation option, technological advancements are essential.
Threats from alternative energy storage technologies
Alternative energy storage technologies like lithium-ion batteries, pumped hydroelectric storage, and compressed air energy storage pose a significant threat to the hydrogen energy storage market. Because of their established supply chains, manufacturing prowess, and economies of scale, these technologies have already attained notable market penetration. Particularly in applications requiring quick response times and high power densities, lithium-ion batteries have experienced significant cost reductions and performance improvements, making them a strong rival to hydrogen storage.
The market for hydrogen energy storage has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has resulted in supply chain disruptions, project development delays, and economic uncertainty. Project delays and cost overruns have resulted from the deployment of hydrogen infrastructure projects and research activities being slowed down by lockdown measures, travel restrictions, and workforce disruptions. Furthermore, the immediate need for hydrogen as a feedstock or energy carrier has decreased due to the pandemic's decreased industrial activity and energy demand, especially in industries like transportation, manufacturing, and construction.
The Chemical Storage segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
It is projected that chemical storage will command the largest market share. Chemical storage is the process of storing hydrogen in chemical compounds with high energy densities and extended storage lives, such as metal hydrides or liquid organic hydrogen carriers. For instance, metal hydrides absorb hydrogen gas to create stable compounds and then release it through depressurization or heating when required. Moreover, these chemical storage techniques are effective and flexible in storing and releasing hydrogen, which makes them appropriate for stationary uses in industrial processes, grid balancing, and renewable energy integration.
The Gas segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
The segment with the highest predicted CAGR is gas storage. Gas storage is the practice of keeping hydrogen in a gaseous state for later use. This is usually done in subterranean caverns or high-pressure tanks, which provide high energy densities and quick reaction times. Applications that call for quick and frequent cycling, like backup power generation, peak shaving, and grid stabilization, are ideally suited for this approach. Additionally, gas storage systems offer adaptable and scalable ways to handle variations in the supply and demand for energy.
The market for hydrogen energy storage is dominated by Asia Pacific. Numerous government initiatives and investments, particularly in nations like China, South Korea, and Japan, are what fuel this dominance in hydrogen technologies. The aspirational hydrogen policies of these countries are to integrate renewable energy sources, encourage the use of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and decarbonize their economies. Furthermore, contributing to the region's leadership in hydrogen energy storage is Asia Pacific's robust industrial base and growing need for clean energy solutions.
In the global market for hydrogen energy storage, Europe is expected to grow at the highest CAGR. Tight environmental regulations, high investments in hydrogen infrastructure and technology, and ambitious targets for renewable energy are driving this growth. Through programs aimed at increasing hydrogen production, storage, and distribution, the European Union hopes to become a global leader in hydrogen technologies through the Green Deal and the Hydrogen Strategy. However, innovation and market expansion are also being fueled by encouraging laws, financial incentives, and partnerships between industry players, government agencies, and academic institutions.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Hydrogen Energy Storage market include Chart Industries, Fuelcell Energy, Hexagon Composites, Air Liquide, Iwatani Corporation, Linde PLC, Engie, Hydrogenics, Steelhead Composites Inc., Air Products Inc., Grz Technologies, Worthington Industries, Cummins Inc., Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology BV and Pragma Industries.
In April 2024, FuelCell Energy, Inc. and ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company announced an updated and extended joint development agreement (JDA) for the deployment of their unique carbonate fuel cell technology for carbon capture. According to the new agreement, FuelCell Energy can now incorporate elements of the jointly developed technology into its existing carbon capture products currently being marketed to customers.
In February 2024, Air Liquide and Sasol have signed new Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) with Enel Green Power RSA[1] for the long term supply of an additional capacity of 110 MW of renewable power to Sasol's Secunda site in South Africa. This is the fourth set of PPAs signed by Air Liquide and Sasol after those announced in 2023. Together, these PPAs represent a total renewable power capacity of around 690 MW.
In May 2023, two major market leaders, Koch Engineered Solutions (KES) and Chart Industries, have signed a Memorandum of Understanding, marking the beginning of their CCUS collaboration and a combined pursuit of new knowledge and new carbon capture opportunities. Chart Industries is a global manufacturer of highly engineered equipment, servicing projects in the clean energy and industrial gas markets.
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.