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1522169

低碳建築材料市場 - 全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測，按產品、應用、地區和競爭細分，2019-2029F

Low-Carbon Construction Material Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Product, By Application, By Region and Competition, 2019-2029F

出版日期: 2024年07月26日 | 出版商:

TechSci Research | 英文 185 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

2023 年，全球低碳建築材料市場估值為 652.5 億美元，預計在預測期內將強勁成長，到 2029 年複合年成長率為 4.58%。

市場概況
預測期	2025-2029
2023 年市場規模	622.5億美元
2029 年市場規模	811.1億美元
2024-2029 年複合年成長率	4.58%
成長最快的細分市場	綠色混凝土
最大的市場	亞太地區

低碳建築材料經過專門設計，可最大限度地減少從提取和加工到利用和處置的整個生命週期中的溫室氣體排放。這些材料包括可再生植物資源、回收材料和創新複合材料，所有這些材料都提供與傳統材料相當或更好的性能。

它們在建築業獲得了巨大的關注，促進了永續建築的發展。透過採用低碳材料，建築項目可以顯著減少其碳足跡，從而與應對氣候變遷的全球計劃保持一致。利用竹子和木材等可再生植物資源不僅是傳統材料的環保替代品，還可以促進森林生長，作為碳匯。

該行業展現了對加快在全球市場推出淨零產品和促進新產品創新的堅定承諾。在這種背景下，金屬，特別是鋼和鋁等可回收材料，已成為低碳建築材料領域的關鍵參與者。金屬的可回收性確保了它們在各種項目中的重複使用，從而抑制了對新鮮原料的需求並最大限度地減少了廢物的產生。

然而，轉型為低碳經濟也面臨自身的挑戰。主要障礙之一是與低碳材料相關的較高初始費用。儘管需要前期投資，但它們在整個建築生命週期中的長期環境優勢和潛在成本節約超過了初始支出。此外，採用低碳材料需要不斷的技術進步，以提高其性能並增強建築領域的可及性。

因此，低碳建築材料為減少建築業溫室氣體排放提供了一個永續的途徑。透過整合再生植物資源、回收材料和創新複合材料，工業界可以建造永續建築，同時最大限度地減少對環境的影響。該產業致力於加快採用淨零產品，以及金屬在減少碳足跡方面的關鍵作用，凸顯了低碳材料的重要性。儘管面臨挑戰，但長期效益和潛在的成本節約使得採用低碳材料對建築業來說是一個誘人的主張。

主要市場促進因素

建築業的成長

科技進步的激增

主要市場挑戰

低碳建築材料的供應有限和供應鏈限制

主要市場趨勢

對永續建築的需求不斷成長

細分市場洞察

應用洞察

區域洞察

Market Overview
Forecast Period	2025-2029
Market Size 2023	USD 62.25 Billion
Market Size 2029	USD 81.11 Billion
CAGR 2024-2029	4.58%
Fastest Growing Segment	Green Concrete
Largest Market	Asia Pacific

Low-carbon construction materials are specifically engineered to minimize greenhouse gas emissions throughout their lifecycle, from extraction and processing to utilization and disposal. These materials encompass renewable plant-based resources, recycled materials, and innovative composites, all offering comparable or superior performance to conventional counterparts.

They have gained significant traction in the construction industry, facilitating the development of sustainable buildings. By employing low-carbon materials, construction projects can markedly diminish their carbon footprint, aligning with global initiatives to combat climate change. Utilizing renewable plant-based resources like bamboo and timber not only presents an eco-friendly alternative to traditional materials but also fosters forest growth, serving as carbon sinks.

The sector has demonstrated a robust commitment to expediting the introduction of net-zero products in global markets and fostering innovation in new offerings. In this context, metals, particularly recyclable ones such as steel and aluminum, have emerged as pivotal players in the low-carbon construction material landscape. The recyclability of metals ensures their repeated use across various projects, curbing the demand for fresh raw materials and minimizing waste generation.

Nevertheless, transitioning to a low-carbon economy poses its own challenges. One of the primary hurdles is the higher initial expenses linked with low-carbon materials. Despite the upfront investment, their long-term environmental advantages and potential cost savings throughout the building's lifecycle outweigh the initial outlay. Furthermore, adopting low-carbon materials necessitates ongoing technological advancements to enhance their performance and enhance accessibility within the construction domain.

Thus, the low-carbon construction materials present a sustainable avenue for slashing greenhouse gas emissions in the construction sector. Through the integration of renewable plant-based resources, recycled materials, and innovative composites, industry can construct sustainable edifices while minimizing environmental repercussions. The industry's dedication to expediting the adoption of net-zero products and the pivotal role of metals in slashing carbon footprint underscore the significance of low-carbon materials. Despite challenges, the long-term benefits and potential cost savings make embracing low-carbon materials an enticing proposition for the construction industry.

Key Market Drivers

Growth in Construction Industry

The construction industry stands as a formidable contributor to global carbon emissions, accounting for a substantial 37% of the total output. Within this significant figure, approximately 16% can be attributed to embodied carbon emissions, predominantly stemming from the manufacturing processes of construction materials. Faced with the urgent imperative to address climate change, there has been a notable surge in momentum toward embracing carbon-neutral construction practices.

This burgeoning movement has catalyzed a marked increase in the demand for low-carbon construction materials, meticulously engineered to curtail greenhouse gas emissions across their entire lifecycle. These materials span a diverse spectrum, encompassing renewable plant-based resources, recycled materials, and cutting-edge composites. Importantly, they not only diminish carbon footprint but also offer performance metrics on par with, or even surpassing, their conventional counterparts.

The integration of low-carbon construction materials has instigated a transformative wave within the construction industry. This wave has ushered in an era of sustainable building practices that resonate with overarching environmental objectives. However, the transition toward sustainable growth within the industry extends far beyond mere material choices. It necessitates a holistic metamorphosis in how industry stakeholders conceive, execute, manage, and dismantle infrastructural assets.

This comprehensive approach to sustainability is propelling the demand for low-carbon construction materials to unprecedented heights. These materials emerge as linchpins in the realization of a vision characterized by green growth and a future steeped in sustainability.

At the heart of this paradigm shift lies the ethos of innovation and adaptation. Stakeholders across the construction spectrum are embracing novel technologies and methodologies to integrate low-carbon materials seamlessly into their projects. By doing so, they not only mitigate environmental impact but also enhance operational efficiency and resilience.

The advantages of low-carbon construction materials extend beyond their environmental credentials. They present a strategic opportunity for industry players to future-proof their investments amidst a rapidly evolving regulatory landscape. As governments worldwide intensify their focus on climate mitigation measures, adherence to stringent emissions standards becomes not just a moral imperative but also a competitive advantage.

Moreover, the adoption of low-carbon materials resonates with evolving consumer preferences. Today's discerning clientele increasingly prioritize sustainability and environmental stewardship when selecting built environments. Consequently, properties boasting green credentials command premium valuations and enjoy heightened market appeal.

Conversely, realizing the full potential of low-carbon construction materials demands concerted collaboration across the industry ecosystem. This entails fostering partnerships between manufacturers, architects, builders, developers, and policymakers. By leveraging collective expertise and resources, stakeholders can surmount existing barriers and accelerate the mainstream adoption of sustainable building practices.

Surge in Technological Advancements

Technological breakthroughs have been instrumental in reshaping building methodologies, ushering in an era of heightened efficiency and sustainability. These innovations have not only introduced novel low-carbon materials but have also elevated the performance standards of existing ones, outstripping conventional counterparts.

At the forefront of this technological wave lies the advent of low-carbon concrete, a game-changer in an industry historically synonymous with high carbon emissions. Traditionally, concrete production has been a significant contributor to CO2 emissions. However, recent strides in research and development have yielded low-carbon concrete formulations, effectively mitigating its environmental impact by curtailing emissions throughout the manufacturing process.

In addition to the strides made in low-carbon concrete, there's a burgeoning movement toward carbon-neutral construction, advocating for the use of materials with minimal embodied carbon. This encompasses recycled materials alongside locally sourced alternatives, thereby minimizing emissions associated with transportation. Thanks to technological advancements, these eco-conscious materials can now be seamlessly integrated into diverse construction processes, further whittling down the overall carbon footprint.

Furthermore, alongside low-carbon concrete and recycled materials, renewable plant-based alternatives have surged in popularity in the pursuit of sustainable construction practices. These innovative materials not only slash greenhouse gas emissions but also foster resource conservation and waste reduction, cementing their status as invaluable assets in the construction industry's quest for sustainability.

By harnessing technological innovations and embracing these pioneering materials, the construction sector can continue its march toward a more sustainable future, where efficiency and environmental stewardship harmoniously converge.

Key Market Challenges

Limited Availability and Supply Chain Constraints of Low-Carbon Construction Material

Low-carbon construction materials represent a crucial frontier in the drive to minimize greenhouse gas emissions across the construction lifecycle. These materials, encompassing renewable plant-based resources, recycled materials, and innovative composites, have garnered considerable attention for their potential environmental advantages and their alignment with the escalating demand for sustainable building practices. Nonetheless, despite their merits, several challenges impede their widespread adoption in the construction industry.

The major among the all challenges is the limited availability of low-carbon materials. A report by Construction News underscores this issue, emphasizing that the scarcity of these materials in the market hampers the construction industry's ability to realize its net-zero carbon emission targets. This scarcity not only obstructs the industry's pursuit of sustainability objectives but also inflates the costs and complexities associated with procuring these materials.

Geographical constraints further compound the challenge of accessing specific low-carbon materials. Certain regions encounter difficulties in procuring materials such as concrete and asphalt, which are pivotal components of construction projects. This restricted access exacerbates the complexities associated with incorporating low-carbon materials into building practices.

Supply chain constraints pose formidable barriers to the widespread adoption of low-carbon materials. The availability of lower-carbon raw materials, like Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs), is often contingent on factors such as price and proximity. Additionally, many of these materials are niche products with limited availability, such as rice-husk ash, further complicating their integration into construction projects.

Another pressing concern revolves around potential supply constraints accompanying the transition to a low-carbon economy. As demand surges for sustainable materials, certain metals critical to construction, such as aluminum, copper, indium, neodymium, dysprosium, and lithium, may face shortages, jeopardizing the availability of these indispensable resources.

In addition to availability and supply chain issues, there are considerations regarding the requisite training for deploying these materials and their scalability for adoption in large-scale projects. Ensuring that construction professionals are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to work with low-carbon materials is imperative for their successful implementation.

Addressing these multifaceted challenges necessitates concerted efforts from stakeholders across the construction industry. Investing in research and development, incentivizing the production of low-carbon materials, and implementing supportive policies are essential steps to overcome these hurdles and expedite the transition toward more sustainable construction practices. Collaboration and innovation will be pivotal in surmounting these challenges and paving the way for a greener, more sustainable future in construction.

Key Market Trends

Growing Demand for Sustainable Construction

Sustainable construction entails the utilization of environmentally responsible and resource-efficient processes throughout a building's life cycle, encompassing design, construction, operation, maintenance, and eventual demolition. The overarching objective is to minimize waste, reduce energy consumption, and conserve natural resources.

This paradigm shift towards sustainability in construction is predominantly motivated by heightened awareness of climate change and the pressing need to address its ramifications. Recognizing the adverse impact of carbon emissions on the environment, there is a burgeoning demand for low-carbon construction materials. These materials, comprising renewable plant-based resources, recycled materials, and innovative composites, are purposefully engineered to curtail greenhouse gas emissions throughout their lifecycle.

The surge in demand for these sustainable materials stems from the acknowledgment of their long-term environmental advantages by builders, developers, and consumers alike. Not only do low-carbon construction materials contribute to carbon emission reduction, but they also yield energy savings and bolster energy efficiency throughout the buildings' lifespan. Consequently, this translates into diminished operational costs and a diminished environmental footprint.

In tandem with the utilization of low-carbon materials, there is a discernible shift towards carbon-neutral construction practices. This encompasses the selection of materials with minimal embodied carbon alongside the implementation of sustainable methodologies across the construction spectrum. Such methodologies encompass energy-efficient design, waste minimization and recycling, water conservation, and the integration of renewable energy sources. By embracing a comprehensive approach to construction, stakeholders can attain carbon neutrality and attenuate the overall environmental impact of their projects.

Low-carbon construction materials occupy a pivotal position in realizing the objectives of sustainable and carbon-neutral construction endeavors. Through the adoption of these materials and the execution of sustainable practices, the construction industry can contribute substantively to a more sustainable future, thereby mitigating the effects of climate change and safeguarding our planet for future generations.

Segmental Insights

Application Insights

The residential segment is poised for rapid growth in the foreseeable future. This expansion is fueled by a notable uptick in environmental consciousness among homeowners and builders, driving the widespread adoption of low-carbon construction materials. These materials have garnered significant attention due to their dual advantages of environmental friendliness and contribution to a sustainable future, aligning with the overarching goal of reducing carbon footprints and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

A key driver propelling the uptake of low-carbon materials in residential construction is the imperative of energy efficiency. Given that residential buildings account for approximately 40% of global energy consumption, there is a pressing need to curb their energy usage. By incorporating low-carbon materials with superior insulation properties, these buildings can significantly reduce their energy requirements for heating and cooling. This not only yields environmental benefits but also translates into substantial long-term savings on energy costs for homeowners.

The growing inclination toward integrating low-carbon materials in residential projects underscores the steadfast commitment of both homeowners and builders to fostering greener and more sustainable living environments. With the potential to make a significant impact on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions reduction, the widespread adoption of these materials represents a pivotal step toward securing a sustainable future for all.

Regional Insights

Asia Pacific emerged as the dominant region in the Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Market in 2023, holding the largest market share in terms of value. In the Asia-Pacific region, leaders are increasingly recognizing the importance of addressing the full spectrum of climate risks and opportunities. There is a growing awareness of the need for environmental sustainability, leading to a surge in demand for low-carbon construction materials. This shift is driven by a deep understanding of the long-term benefits of reducing carbon emissions and adopting more sustainable practices in the construction industry.

Governments in the Asia-Pacific region are taking proactive steps to implement policies that stimulate markets for low-carbon products and materials. These policies not only promote the use of low-carbon construction materials but also encourage improved design and purchasing decisions based on embodied carbon. By considering the environmental impact of materials throughout their lifecycle, decision-makers are playing a vital role in driving the adoption of low-carbon construction materials and fostering a more sustainable built environment.

Key Market Players

Carbicrete Inc

Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V.

CarbonCure Technologies Inc.

Arcelormittal Ltd

SSAB AB

Nucor Corporation

HOLCIM

Norsk Hydro ASA

Mercer Mass Timber LLC

CRH Plc

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Low-Carbon Construction Material Market, By Product:

Plastic Metal Mass Timber Green Concrete Green Tiles Low-Carbon Bricks Others

Low-Carbon Construction Material Market, By Application:

Residential Commercial Industrial Others

Low-Carbon Construction Material Market, By Region:

United States
Canada
Mexico

France
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
Spain

China
India
Japan
Australia
South Korea

Brazil
Argentina
Colombia

South Africa
Saudi Arabia
UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Marketreport with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

1. Product Overview

1.1. Market Definition
1.2. Scope of the Market
- 1.2.1. Markets Covered
- 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
- 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Baseline Methodology
2.3. Key Industry Partners
2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
2.5. Forecasting Methodology
2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

3.1. Overview of the Market
3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Impact of COVID-19 on Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Market

5. Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook

5.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 5.1.1. By Value
5.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 5.2.1. By Product (Plastic, Metal, Mass Timber, Green Concrete, Green Tiles, Low-Carbon Bricks, Others)
- 5.2.2. By Application (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Others)
- 5.2.3. By Region
- 5.2.4. By Company (2023)
5.3. Market Map

6. Asia Pacific Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook

6.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 6.1.1. By Value
6.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 6.2.1. By Product
- 6.2.2. By Application
- 6.2.3. By Country
6.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
- 6.3.1. China Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
  - 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 6.3.1.2.1. By Product
    - 6.3.1.2.2. By Application
- 6.3.2. India Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
  - 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 6.3.2.2.1. By Product
    - 6.3.2.2.2. By Application
- 6.3.3. Australia Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
  - 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 6.3.3.2.1. By Product
    - 6.3.3.2.2. By Application
- 6.3.4. Japan Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 6.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 6.3.4.1.1. By Value
  - 6.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 6.3.4.2.1. By Product
    - 6.3.4.2.2. By Application
- 6.3.5. South Korea Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 6.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 6.3.5.1.1. By Value
  - 6.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 6.3.5.2.1. By Product
    - 6.3.5.2.2. By Application

7. Europe Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook

7.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 7.1.1. By Value
7.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 7.2.1. By Product
- 7.2.2. By Application
- 7.2.3. By Country
7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
- 7.3.1. France Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
  - 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 7.3.1.2.1. By Product
    - 7.3.1.2.2. By Application
- 7.3.2. Germany Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
  - 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 7.3.2.2.1. By Product
    - 7.3.2.2.2. By Application
- 7.3.3. Spain Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
  - 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 7.3.3.2.1. By Product
    - 7.3.3.2.2. By Application
- 7.3.4. Italy Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
  - 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 7.3.4.2.1. By Product
    - 7.3.4.2.2. By Application
- 7.3.5. United Kingdom Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
  - 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 7.3.5.2.1. By Product
    - 7.3.5.2.2. By Application

8. North America Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook

8.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.1.1. By Value
8.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.2.1. By Product
- 8.2.2. By Application
- 8.2.3. By Country
8.3. North America: Country Analysis
- 8.3.1. United States Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
  - 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 8.3.1.2.1. By Product
    - 8.3.1.2.2. By Application
- 8.3.2. Mexico Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
  - 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 8.3.2.2.1. By Product
    - 8.3.2.2.2. By Application
- 8.3.3. Canada Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
  - 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 8.3.3.2.1. By Product
    - 8.3.3.2.2. By Application

9. South America Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook

9.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.1.1. By Value
9.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.2.1. By Product
- 9.2.2. By Application
- 9.2.3. By Country
9.3. South America: Country Analysis
- 9.3.1. Brazil Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
  - 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 9.3.1.2.1. By Product
    - 9.3.1.2.2. By Application
- 9.3.2. Argentina Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
  - 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 9.3.2.2.1. By Product
    - 9.3.2.2.2. By Application
- 9.3.3. Colombia Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
  - 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 9.3.3.2.1. By Product
    - 9.3.3.2.2. By Application

10. Middle East and Africa Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook

10.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.1.1. By Value
10.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.2.1. By Product
- 10.2.2. By Application
- 10.2.3. By Country
10.3. MEA: Country Analysis
- 10.3.1. South Africa Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
  - 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 10.3.1.2.1. By Product
    - 10.3.1.2.2. By Application
- 10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
  - 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 10.3.2.2.1. By Product
    - 10.3.2.2.2. By Application
- 10.3.3. UAE Low-Carbon Construction Material Market Outlook
  - 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
    - 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
  - 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
    - 10.3.3.2.1. By Product
    - 10.3.3.2.2. By Application

11. Market Dynamics

11.1. Drivers
11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

12.1. Recent Developments
12.2. Product Launches
12.3. Mergers & Acquisitions

13. Global Low-Carbon Construction Material Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

14.1. Competition in the Industry
14.2. Potential of New Entrants
14.3. Power of Suppliers
14.4. Power of Customers
14.5. Threat of Substitute Product

15. PESTLE Analysis

16. Competitive Landscape

16.1. Carbicrete Inc
- 16.1.1. Business Overview
- 16.1.2. Company Snapshot
- 16.1.3. Products & Services
- 16.1.4. Financials (As Reported)
- 16.1.5. Recent Developments
16.2. Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V.
16.3. CarbonCure Technologies Inc.
16.4. Arcelormittal Ltd
16.5. SSAB AB
16.6. Nucor Corporation
16.7. HOLCIM
16.8. Norsk Hydro ASA
16.9. Mercer Mass Timber LLC
16.10. CRH Plc