車輛到電網 (V2G) 電動車​​充電基礎設施市場：最新技術趨勢與成長機會（2024-2030 年）

傳統上獨立的運輸和電力產業正透過其通用——電力——日益融合。隨著電動車數量的增加和再生能源來源市場佔有率的提升，它們融入傳統電網既成為技術必然，也成為戰略機會。雙向能量傳輸技術實現了電動車與電網之間的能量傳輸，為電網穩定、負載平衡、分散式再生能源來源高效利用提供了新的方向。這種新方法將支持彈性電網運作並加強電動車所有權的價值提案，並促進新市場模式、商業案例和政策槓桿的創造。

本報告概述了電動車充電基礎設施中的車輛到電網 (V2G) 技術、V2G 技術採用概述、V2G 在電網平衡中的作用、V2G 基礎設施概述、基本 V2G 架構、標準和通訊協定、採用該技術的經濟效益、對大規模 V2G 技術採用的關鍵成長領域的見解，並總結了全球成長機會。

目錄

策略要務

• 成長為何變得越來越艱難？
• 策略要務
• 三大策略要務對 V2G 產業的影響
• 成長機會推動成長管道引擎™
• 調查方法

成長機會分析

• 分析範圍
• 分割

成長動力

• 生長促進要素
• 成長抑制因素

探索V2G系統的技術框架

• 全球電動車市場佔有率與前一年同期比較快速成長
• 到 2023 年，交流充電器將主導全球電動車充電基礎設施
• V2G技術概述
• V2G在電網平衡中的作用
• V2G 系統中的能量流動和基礎設施
• 基本 V2G 架構、標準和通訊協定
• V2G 工作原理：實際充電和放電
• V2G實施的經濟效益

創新生態系統

• 案例研究：利用支援 V2G 的電動校車車隊增強電網安全
• 美國在 V2G 專利領域處於領先地位

公司行為

• V2G主要參與者
• 值得關注的 V2G 參與者

成長機會

• 成長機會1：V2G主導的P2P(P2P) 能源交易
• 成長機會2：透過 V2G 驅動的虛擬發電廠 (VPP) 實現電網現代化
• 成長機會3：透過 V2G 和可再生微電網實現農村能源分散化

附錄

後續步驟Next steps

Exploring Vehicle-to-Grid Technology Integration, Challenges, and Opportunities

The traditionally distinct transport and power sectors are increasingly converging through the common element of electric power. As electric vehicle (EV) numbers grow and renewable energy sources gain market share, their integration into the conventional power grid is becoming a technical necessity and a strategic opportunity. Bidirectional energy transfer technology enables energy transfers between EVs and the power grid, offering a new direction for grid stabilization, load balancing, and the efficient utilization of distributed renewable energy sources. This new approach not only supports resilient grid operations and enhances the EV ownership value proposition but also cultivates the inception of new market models, business cases, and policy instruments.

This study offers an overview of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology for EVs, and some topics it covers include:

• An introduction to V2G technology, V2G's role in power grid balancing, an outline of V2G infrastructure, fundamental V2G architecture, standards and protocol, and the economic benefits of implementing the technology
• Global growth opportunities, which provide insight into the key growth areas for large-scale V2G technology adoption
• The innovation ecosystem, which includes the patent landscape, and the major stakeholders involved in the development of the V2G landscape

Table of Contents

Strategic Imperatives

• Why Is It Increasingly Difficult to Grow?
• The Strategic Imperative 8™
• The Impact of the Top 3 Strategic Imperatives on the V2G Industry
• Growth Opportunities Fuel the Growth Pipeline Engine™
• Research Methodology

Growth Opportunity Analysis

• Scope of Analysis
• Segmentation

Growth Generator

• Growth Drivers
• Growth Restraints

Exploring V2G Systems' Technical Framework

• Global EV Market Share Indicates Exponential YoY Growth
• In 2023, AC Chargers Dominated Global EV Charging Infrastructure
• Introduction to V2G Technology
• V2G's Role in Power Grid Balancing
• Energy Flow and Infrastructure in V2G Systems
• Fundamental V2G Architecture, Standards, and Protocols
• How V2G Works: Charging and Discharging in Action
• Economic Benefits of Implementing V2G

Innovation Ecosystem

• Case Study: Strengthening Grid Security Using V2G-enabled Electric School Bus Fleets
• The United States Leads the V2G Patent Landscape

Companies to Action

• Key V2G Participants
• V2G Participants to Watch

Growth Opportunity Universe

• Growth Opportunity 1: V2G-driven Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Energy Trading
• Growth Opportunity 2: Achieving Grid Modernization Through V2G-driven Virtual Power Plants (VPPs)
• Growth Opportunity 3: Decentralizing Rural Energy with V2G and Renewable Microgrids

Appendix

• Technology Readiness Levels (TRL): Explanation

Next Steps

• Benefits and Impacts of Growth Opportunities
• Next Steps
• Legal Disclaimer