市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1295393
針狀焦市場 - 2023 年至 2028 年預測Needle Coke Market - Forecasts from 2023 to 2028 |
針狀焦是以煤焦油和石油為原料生產的優質碳材料。針狀焦是煉鋼電弧爐 (EAF) 中用作點火源的重要材料。由於更嚴格的環境法,鋼鐵製造商選擇電弧爐技術而不是高爐轉爐 (BOF) 來生產鋼鐵。它還用於生產鐵合金、特種碳、金屬矽和鋰離子電池。由於鋰離子電池和石墨電極的需求增加,特別是電動汽車,針狀焦市場正在增長。
推動針狀焦產品需求的幾個因素,例如高品位和超高品位針狀焦、與石墨電極和鋰離子電池相關的應用,正在推動全球針狀焦市場的發展。例如,國際能源協會2023年5月發布的最新洞察顯示,過去三年電動汽車尤其是電動汽車的銷量在歐洲大幅增長,從2020年的140萬輛增至230萬輛2021 年產量為270 萬台,2022 年為270 萬台。特殊的碳化合物,例如鋰離子電池的負極材料,也是藉助針狀焦製成的。因此,對電動汽車和針狀焦等其他產品的需求將會增加。
根據世界鋼鐵協會的預測,全球鋼鐵產品貿易量將從2020年的4.056億噸增長到2021年的4.589億噸,增長13.1%,反映出COVID-19疫情後鋼鐵行業的強勁復甦。針狀焦是一種優質石油焦,常用於鋼鐵行業電弧爐的石墨電極,這對針狀焦市場有利。熔化廢鐵所需的導電性和熱量由石墨電極提供。由於針狀焦是石墨電極的重要原材料,全球鋼鐵產品市場的擴大表明對該材料的需求不斷增加。
針狀焦是石墨電極的重要原材料,因此全球鋼鐵產品市場的擴大預示著對該材料的需求增加。例如,三菱化學是第一家成功生產煤基針狀焦的公司,這種針狀焦是在焦炭生產過程中由煤焦油製成的。公司生產的針狀焦具有熱膨脹係數低、電阻低、破碎少、剝落少等特點。
針狀焦市場按應用細分為石墨電極、鋰離子電池等。石墨電極是主要用於電爐煉鋼的工業產品,電爐煉鋼是鋼鐵生產的主要方法。根據世界鋼鐵協會的數據,2015年至2021年全球電爐鋼產量複合年增長率為4%。
鋰離子電池為電動汽車提供動力並儲存可再生能源的能量,依賴於基於針狀焦的石墨陽極。中國針狀焦市場發展的背後是對提高鋰離子電池產量的投資。2021年6月,中國電池巨頭寧德時代宣布投資582億元人民幣(約89.8億美元)增加鋰離子電池產能。
針狀焦市場按地區分為北美、南美、歐洲、中東/非洲和亞太地區。由於主要市場參與者的存在和該地區成熟的鋼鐵工業,預計亞太地區的增長。主要市場參與者的存在以及汽車和建築行業的擴張正在推動該地區的市場增長。亞太地區針狀焦市場按國家劃分為日本、中國、印度、韓國、泰國、台灣和印度尼西亞。
中國是全球最大的鋼鐵生產國和消費國,佔全球鋼鐵產量的大部分。由於基礎設施和建築項目中鋼材使用量的增加,針狀焦的需求將會增加。2021年,中國黨中央、國務院將撥款3.65萬億元人民幣(5730億美元),其中50%將用於交通基礎設施、市政府和工業園區基礎設施領域。
鋼鐵工業的不斷現代化和更新將推動市場發展。例如,中國於2022年6月公佈了工業碳達峰實施計劃。規劃草案提到,電爐鋼廠將生產20%以上的鋼材。據中國工業和信息化部預計,廢鋼年加工能力預計將超過1.8億噸,到2030年,電爐煉鋼的份額預計將達到15%。下圖為2023年至2030年全國各地區電爐總產能(電爐產能99噸)。此外,華南和華東地區將佔新增電弧爐產能的55%。
Needle coke is a high-quality carbon substance generated from coal tar or petroleum. Needle coke is a significant substance used as an ignition source in electric arc furnaces (EAF) for steel manufacturing. Due to more stringent environmental laws, steel producers choose the EAF technology over blast furnace-blast oxygen furnace (BOF) procedures to produce steel. It is also used to create ferroalloys, specialty carbon, silicon metal, and lithium-ion batteries. The market for needle coke is expanding due to the rising demand for lithium-ion batteries and graphite electrodes, particularly for electric cars.
Several factors that promote the need for needle coke products, such as premium and super premium grade needle coke, and applications related to graphite electrodes and lithium-ion batteries are driving the worldwide market for needle coke market. For instance, as per the latest insights released in May 2023 by the International Energy Association, sales of electric vehicles, particularly electric cars, sales have increased dramatically over the previous three years in Europe, rising from 1.4 million in 2020 to 2.3 million in 2021 and 2.7 million in 2022. Special carbon compounds, such as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, are also made with the help of needle coke. As a result, there will be a rise in the demand for electric cars and their by-products, such as needle coke.
As per the insights by World Steel Association, global steel product trade climbed 13.1% from 405.6 million metric tonnes (Mt) in 2020 to 458.9 Mt in 2021, demonstrating a robust rebound of the steel sector following the COVID-19 epidemic. Since graphite electrodes for arc furnaces in the steel sector are frequently made with needle coke, a high-quality petroleum coke, this is advantageous for the needle coke market. The electrical conductivity and heat needed to melt scrap steel are provided by graphite electrodes, which are crucial for steel recycling. As needle coke is an important raw material for graphite electrodes, the expansion of the world market for steel products suggests an increase in demand for this substance.
Businesses constantly invest in improving their earnings to obtain superior solutions and more dependable results for a demanding and developing global needle coke market. For instance, Mitsubishi Chemical was the first company to successfully produce coal-based needle coke made from coal tar during coke production. There are special features in the company's needle coke, such as a low- coefficient of thermal expansion, low electric resistance, less breakage, and less spalling.
The needle coke market is segmented by applications into graphite electrodes, lithium-ion batteries, and others. Graphite electrode is an industrial product used majorly in EAF steel production, which is a primary method of steel production. As per the World Steel Association, global EAF steel production grew at a CAGR of 4% from 2015 to 2021.
Lithium-ion batteries, which power electric vehicles and store energy from renewable sources, rely on needle coke-based graphite anodes. The investment to improve lithium-ion battery production is a reason for the development of the needle coke market in China. In June 2021, Chinese battery giant CATL announced an investment of 58.2 billion yuan ($8.98 billion) to boost the production capacity of lithium-ion batteries.
The needle coke market, by geography, is segmented into North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa, and Asia Pacific. Asia Pacific is projected to grow, fueled by the presence of key market players and the established steel industry in the region. The existence of major market players and expanding automotive and construction industries are driving the regional market growth. By country, the Asia Pacific needle coke market is divided into Japan, China, India, South Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, and Indonesia, where China is expected to hold a major market share owing to its steel industry.
China is the world's largest producer and consumer of steel, accounting for a significant portion of global steel production. The demand for needle coke rises due to the increasing use of steel in infrastructure and construction projects. In 2021, the Party Central Committee and the State Council of China allocated RMB 3.65 trillion (US$573 billion), of which 50 percent was used for transport infrastructure, municipal administration, and industrial park infrastructure sectors.
Continuous modernization and upgradation of the steel industry will propel the market development. For instance, China issued the Industrial Carbon Peaking implementation plan in June 2022. The proposed plan mentions that EAF steel mills will make over 20% of steel products. According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China, the annual processing capacity of steel scrap is expected to exceed 180 million mt, with a 15% share of EAF steelmaking by 2030. The figure below shows the total EAF production capacity from 2023 to 2030 (99 MT EAF capacity) by region in the nation. It further indicates that South and East China will hold 55% of the new EAF capacity.