監管、所有權和融資對微電網採用的影響

微電網長期以來一直用於為無法可靠或無法使用常規電網的離網和偏遠社區提供能源彈性，並在緊急情況下為關鍵基礎設施提供可靠的能源。

隨著太陽能光電和儲能等再生分散式能源（DER）的興起，微電網在尋求提高彈性和永續性的上網客戶中越來越受歡迎，最近，在努力將負載連接到電網的客戶中也越來越受歡迎。

然而，每個專案都是獨一無二的，用例也很新穎，這意味著單一微電網不能完全適應監管制度，影響其經濟可行性。

本報告對微電網監管與 DER 之間的關係提供了策略見解，重點介紹了用例和適用的商業案例。報告探討了不同國家的監管機構、開發商和金融機構如何解決監管和融資問題。

目錄

概述

• 成本節約與電網彈性推動微電網的採用
• 監管、所有權和融資是微電網採用的主要障礙
• 微電網商業模式與用例和所有權模式密切相關

建議

• 能源即服務（EaaS）合約對開發者和客戶都有利
• 監管機構和開發商需要對微電網進行標準化
• 監理機關應確保微電網開發商的投資受到保護
• 私人金融機構需要增加對微電網的了解和興趣

Microgrids have long been used to provide energy resilience to off-grid and remote communities where regular grid access is unreliable or nonexistent, as well as to supply critical infrastructure with reliable energy in case of emergencies.

The growth of renewable distributed energy resources (DER) in the form of solar PV, storage, and other technologies has increased the popularity of microgrids for on-grid customers who want to increase resilience, sustainability and, increasingly, those struggling to connect loads to the grid.

However, because individual projects are unique and use cases are novel, individual microgrids do not fit neatly into regulatory regimes, which affects their economic viability.

This strategy insight examines the relationship between microgrid regulation and DER, illustrated with use cases and applicable business cases. It then explores how regulators, developers, and financiers in different countries have addressed regulatory and financing questions.

Table of Contents

Context

This report covers the following:

• Cost reduction and grid resilience drive microgrid adoption
• Regulation, ownership, and financing are key barriers to microgrid adoption
• Microgrid business models are closely tied to use cases and ownership models

Recommendations

Guidehouse Insights recommends the following:

• Energy as a service (EaaS) contracts benefit both the developer and the customer
• Regulators and developers must standardize microgrids
• Regulators should ensure a microgrid developers' investments are protected
• Private financiers should increase their knowledge of and exposure to microgrids