5G - 從微蜂巢到Attocell：射頻、光纖無線行動回程 - 市場、技術、應用

5G - From Microcells to Attocells: RF and Optical Wireless Mobile Backhauls - Markets, Technologies and Applications

出版日期: 2024年08月16日 | 出版商:

PracTel, Inc. | 英文 159 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

價格

簡介目錄圖表

本報告包括小型基地台（SC）及其應用、產業、行銷和技術發展。提供回程解決方案作為 SC 的組成部分。詳細分析了微波回程的細節並強調了其優點。還引進了一組相對較新的SC 回程技術，即 OWC（光無線通訊）。特別是，Free Space Fiber（FSF）和VLC/LiFi-Visible Light Communication/Light Fidelity證實了極低的延遲和 "無限" 的頻寬。 FSF/LiFi 混合解決方案也興起，以增強 SC 回程。

光纖和微波是具有不同用例的互補技術。與光纖相比，微波回程可以實現更快、更具成本效益的部署，而光纖則提供更大的容量。越來越多的國家將 E 頻段用於微波回程，是一個積極的進展。

微波是長距離傳輸的合適解決方案。在印度和埃及等國家，微波也是更好的選擇，這些國家的監管問題使光纖部署變得複雜。

SC無線回程目前已成為主流，預計未來仍將維持此領先地位。

本報告研究和分析 5G 市場，並提供有關小型基地台（SC）及其應用、產業、行銷和技術發展的資訊。

理性
術語
- 組
背景
- 方法
應用
- 室內用例
- 戶外用例
- 公共安全通信
- 摘要
優點和問題
- 回程問題
- 比較
小蜂巢市場
- 市場地理
- 估計
標準化
- 組織
- 第一標準
- 標準介面 - 3GPP
- 3GPP Rel.12 和 SC
小蜂巢產業
- AirHop Communications
- Baicells
- Broadcom (acquired by Avago in 2015)
- Cisco
- CommScope
- Contela
- Corning
- Ericsson
- Fujitsu
- Juniper
- Huawei
- Intel
- Gilat
- Mavenir
- NEC
- Nokia
- Qualcomm
- Parallel Wireless
- Radisys
- Samsung
- Sercomm
- TI
- Xilinx
- ZTE

第4章小基地台回程

摘要
分類
詳情
- 課題
- 差異
參數
- 因素
- 計劃
需要標準化
市場特徵
- 元件
- TCO 因素
小蜂窩回程業
- Airvine Scientific
- Actelis (wireline)
- Airspan (integrated wireless backhaul - Wi-Fi 5 - NLOS)
- Cambium (sub-6 GHz)
- Cambridge Broadband (Microwave Backhaul)
- Exalt (Microwave)
- Fastback Networks (Wireless)
- Intracom (Microwave)
- Radwin (sub-6 GHz)
- Ceragon (sub-6 GHz and other)
- Siklu
- TI (NLoS)
摘要

第5章光回程

為什麼選擇光學類型？
光保真度
- 摘要
IEEE 802.15.7
- 考慮因素
- 項目
差異 - LiFi 和 VLC
5G視圖
- 阿塞爾
- 蜂巢結構
- 混合：類型

第6章自由空間光纖

摘要
- 背景
主要特點
保護
主要用例
- 要求
- 樓內通訊
- 建築物間的通信
- 摘要
FSF 通訊的優點和限制：摘要
- 天氣因素
- 建築物晃動
- 大氣衰減
設計問題
- 方向
- 主要用例
- 增強功能
FSF市場
- 摘要
- 市場驅動因素與用例
- 細分市場
- 衝突
- 預測
VLC 和 FSF
FSF行業
- AIRLINX 通訊
- BridgeComm
- 無電纜
- CBL
- 共線
- 大連旭工程公司
- fSONA
- 桂林
- 普萊恩特里
- SA Photonics（CASI 公司）
- 泰薩特
- 超天
- 塔拉

第7章 OWC 的好處 - 摘要

第8章結論

簡介目錄圖表

This report is about Small Cells (SCs), their applications, the industry and marketing and technological developments. As an integral part of SC, backhaul solutions are detailed. Specifics of microwave backhauls are analyzed and their advantages are emphasized. The report also introducing a relatively new group of technologies for SC backhauling: OWC - Optical Wireless Communications; and particular Free Space Fiber (FSF) and VLC/LiFi- Visible Light Communications/Light Fidelity, which guarantee extremely low latency and "unlimited" bandwidth. A hybrid solution - FSF/LiFi - is also coming to the picture to enhance SC backhauls.

In particular, the report analyzing dynamically evolving small cells technologies, concentrating on their advantages, varieties and specifics. Major applications are analyzed; and standardization developments are emphasized. Based on the in-depth industry analysis of multiple studies and interviews with vendors, market prognoses (2024-2028) are presented. The survey of more than thirty-five small cell equipment vendors and their portfolios is also provided. It is shown that 4G mobile technologies (concurrent with 5G) will concentrate on building HetNets in which small cells play an important role.

The report emphasizes that the small cells backhaul solution may prove or break the small cell business case. Specifics of small cells backhauls, their varieties and differences from macro cells backhauls are analyzed in details. The need for standardization is emphasized. The study of industry trends, interviews with vendors and the analysis of publicly available statistical data helped to perform the marketing analysis. The survey of vendors (about 30 manufacturers of small cells backhaul solutions) reflects this industry specifics and trends. There is a range of use cases for open access small cells, from targeted demand hotspots in city centers, through generalized capacity uplift, to serving not-spots in remote rural areas. In each case the emphasis on backhaul requirements shifts and aspects that are critical to one type of deployment can be relaxed in others. Solutions with different characteristics will address the needs of different types of small cells backhaul in different areas.

Fiber and microwave are complementary technologies with different use cases. Microwave backhaul allows for a faster and more cost-efficient rollout compared with fiber while fiber offers greater capacities. In a positive development, more countries have been making the E-band available for microwave backhaul.

Microwave is the preferred solution for long-distance transfers. It is also the better choice in countries where regulatory problems complicate fiber rollouts, such as India or Egypt.

Wireless backhauls for SCs are prevailing now and it is expected that they will keep this leadership position in future.

This report also provides details of optical wireless backhauls that bringing multiple enhancements. Two Optical Wireless Communications subclasses - Visible Light Communications/Light Fidelity (VLC/LiFi) and Free Space Fiber (FSF) are addressed. Attocell-based networks allow to build super-dense structures, which characteristics are superior to RF-based networks in many aspects.

This report provides SCs and their backhaul solutions technological and marketing analysis. It can be useful for service providers, vendors, network operators and managers, Enterprise IT staff, investors and end users seeking to gain a deeper understanding of the SC developmental trends in the mobile industry.

The end users will gain a more thorough understanding of technologies and their capabilities as well as economics.

1.0. Introduction

1.1. General
1.2. Current Situation and Role of Small Cells
1.3. Further Densification: Optical Attocells
1.4. SC Backhaul
1.5. Scope
1.6. Report Structure
1.7. Research Methodology
1.8. Target Audience

2.0. Mobile Technologies Generations

2.1 4G Specifics
- 2.1.1. Traffic Volume and SC
- 2.1.2. From 3G to 4G - Experience
- 2.1.3. 4G Distinct Features
2.2 5G Specifics
- 2.2.1. IMT Evolution
- 2.2.2. 5G Timetable (3GPP-ITU) and SCs
- 2.2.3. 5G - Achievements
2.3. Advanced 5G and 6G Specifics
- 2.3.1. Timetable
- 2.3.2. 5G Advanced
- 2.3.3. 5G and 6G
2.4. Process

3.0. Small Cells Development

3.1. Rational
3.2. Nomenclature
- 3.2.1. Group
3.3. Background
- 3.3.1. Methods
3.4. Applications
- 3.4.1. Indoor Use Cases
- 3.4.2. Outdoor Use Cases
- 3.4.3. Public Safety Communications
- 3.4.4. Summary
3.5. Benefits and Issues
- 3.5.1. Backhaul Challenge
- 3.5.2. Comparison
3.6. Small Cell Market
- 3.6.1. Market Geography
- 3.6.2. Estimate
3.7. Standardization
- 3.7.1. Organizations
- 3.7.2. First Standard
- 3.7.3. Standard Interfaces - 3GPP
- 3.7.4. 3GPP Rel.12 and SCs
3.8. Small Cell Industry
- Airspan
- AirHop Communications
- Baicells
- Broadcom (acquired by Avago in 2015)
- Cisco
- CommScope
- Contela
- Corning
- Ericsson
- Fujitsu
- Juniper
- Huawei
- Intel
- Gilat
- Mavenir
- NEC
- Nokia
- Qualcomm
- Parallel Wireless
- Radisys
- Samsung
- Sercomm
- TI
- Xilinx
- ZTE

4.0. Small Cell Backhaul

4.1. General
4.2. Classification
4.3. Specifics
- 4.3.1. Challenge
- 4.3.2. Differences
4.4. Parameters
- 4.4.1. Factors
- 4.4.2. Planning
4.5. Need for Standardization
4.6. Market Characteristics
- 4.6.1. Components
- 4.6.2. TCO Factor
4.7. Small Cell Backhaul Industry
- Airvine Scientific
- Actelis (wireline)
- Airspan (integrated wireless backhaul - Wi-Fi 5 - NLOS)
- Cambium (sub-6 GHz)
- Cambridge Broadband (Microwave Backhaul)
- Exalt (Microwave)
- Fastback Networks (Wireless)
- Intracom (Microwave)
- Radwin (sub-6 GHz)
- Ceragon (sub-6 GHz and other)
- Siklu
- TI (NLoS)
4.8. Summary

5.0. Optical Backhaul

5.1. Why Optical
5.2. Light Fidelity
- 5.2.1. General
5.3. IEEE 802.15.7
- 5.3.1. Considerations
- 5.3.2. Project
5.4. Differences - LiFi and VLC
5.5. 5G View
- 5.5.1. Attocell
- 5.5.2. Cell Structures
- 5.5.3. Hybrid: Varieties

6.0. Free Space Fiber

6.1. General
- 6.1.1. Background
6.2. Major Characteristics
6.3. Protection
6.4. Major Use Cases
- 6.4.1. Requirements
- 6.4.2. Intra-building Communications
- 6.4.3. Inter-building Communications
- 6.4.4. Summary
6.5. FSF Communications Benefits and Limitations: Summary
- 6.5.1. Weather Factor
- 6.5.2. Building Swaying
- 6.5.3. Atmospheric Attenuation
6.6. Design Issues
- 6.6.1. Directions
- 6.6.2. Major Use Cases
- 6.6.3. Enhancements
6.7. FSF Market
- 6.7.1. General
- 6.7.2. Market Drivers and Use Cases
- 6.7.3. Market Segments
- 6.7.4. Competition
- 6.7.5. Forecast
6.8. VLC and FSF
6.9. FSF Industry
- AIRLINX Communications
- BridgeComm
- CableFree
- CBL
- Collinear
- Dailianxu Engineering Company
- fSONA
- Guilin
- Plaintree
- SA Photonics (a CASI Company)
- Tesat
- Transcelestial
- Taara