市場調查報告書
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到2028年的熱電聯產系統市場預測—按容量、燃料類型、技術、最終用戶和地區進行的全球分析Combined Heat & Power System Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Capacity, Fuel Type, Technology, End User and By Geography |
根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,2022 年全球熱電聯產系統市場規模將達到 162.3 億美元,預計到 2028 年將達到 263.4 億美元。預計將以 8.4 %的複合年增長率增長。
熱電聯產 (CHP) 是一種利用單一燃料來源生產電力和熱能的高效清潔方式。 熱電聯產可以在終端用戶處或附近產生能量,產生能量時產生的熱量可用於滿足用戶的熱能需求,產生的能量可用於滿足當地的全部或部分能源需求。可以實現。 對電力和熱力有穩定需求的應用是熱電聯產裝置的良好財務目標。
根據 IEA 的數據,中國是 2020 年煤炭需求增長的唯一主要經濟體。 強勁的經濟增長將支持 2021 年的電力需求,而後 COVID 刺激計劃將支持鋼鐵、水泥和其他煤炭密集型工業產品的生產。
在使用點或附近發電稱為分佈式發電,過去,小型發電廠使用低壓直流系統來分配電力。 分佈式發電可以同時實現電力和機械工作。 分佈式發電與集中式發電不同,集中式發電廠是永久固定的,並且在遠離使用點的地方產生更高的容量。 分佈式發電的主要參與者是燃氣輪機。 就現場發電和備用電源所需的效率和可靠性而言,燃氣輪機優於其他分佈式發電系統。 因此,由於分佈式發電的增長,熱電聯產市場看到了更大的機會,預計這將在預測期內加速市場增長。
安裝需要大量的前期投資。 熱電聯產業務增長的一個主要障礙是典型的熱電聯產電廠的成本,這可能比容量和原動機相當的發電廠的成本高出約 240%。 由於由原動機、熱回收系統、熱蒸汽管道等許多部分組成的複雜結構,熱電聯產系統的維護成本也很高。 為了保持熱電聯產的高效率,所有組件都需要定期維護,這預計會推高整體維護成本並阻礙霧計算市場的增長。
政府的舉措和激勵措施預計將推動熱電聯產行業的擴張,尤其是在美國、英國、德國和日本等經合組織國家。 2012年,美國為提高能效採取了發展熱電聯產的新戰略,時任美國總統還簽署了一項行政命令,鼓勵企業提高能效。 美國聯邦政府和許多州政府為建立熱電聯產提供激勵和稅收優惠。 該指令呼籲環境保護署 (EPA)、美國能源部、商務部、農業部和其他聯邦機構向各州提供商業和技術援助,以促進對工業能效的投資。我指示你們調整你們的努力提供。
CHP 工廠面臨的主要挑戰之一是了解氣體預處理的重要性並製定相應的策略。 以沼氣為燃料的熱電聯產系統具有燃氣輪機、微型燃氣輪機、往復式發動機和斯特林發動機等原動機,並通過在燃燒室中氧化甲烷來運行。 這會產生驅動活塞或渦輪機的熱能,由此產生的軸功由發電機轉化為電能。 當燃料電池運行時,甲烷被電化學氧化,在大多數情況下,甲烷是每個原動機的主要燃料。 硫化氫 (H2S)、一氧化碳 (CO) 和氨 (NH3) 等微量雜質對原動機的危害更大。 即使原動機可以處理少量雜質,如果雜質濃度高,熱電聯產的壽命也會長達數年。
由於為阻止感染傳播而採取的封鎖措施和極端旅行限制,COVID-19 大流行不僅對人類生活產生了重大負面影響,而且對全球經濟也產生了重大負面影響。 許多行業的大量人員失去了工作,許多國家的許多行業的勞動力總數大幅減少。 因此,全球市場也受到了很大的影響,許多國家的各個行業的勞動力都大幅減少。 一些業內人士表示,由於 COVID-19 危機帶來的延誤,各種規模的熱電聯產項目都落後於計劃。
在預測期內,與其他細分市場相比,天然氣細分市場預計將佔據最大份額。 按燃料種類分為天然氣、煤炭、生物質等幾類。 在預測期內,天然氣板塊有望在價值基礎上保持領先地位。 推動該技術使用的關鍵因素包括努力降低總安裝和運營成本,以及公共和私營部門對天然氣發電廠項目建設的持續支持,推動市場增長。
市場根據技術大致分為聯合循環、蒸汽輪機、燃氣輪機、往復式發動機等。 到 2021 年,聯合循環 CHP 系統預計將主導市場。 發電廠的聯合循環系統利用廢氣中儲存的餘熱來產生額外的能量,從而減少能量損失。 聯合循環熱電聯產系統的整體工廠效率提高到近 50%,而傳統汽輪機工廠和燃氣輪機工廠的效率分別提高了約 40% 和 35%,這對於推動全球市場擴張非常重要。
歐洲熱電聯產系統市場的收入份額在全球市場佔據主導地位,預計在預測期內這種主導地位將繼續存在。 支撐 CHP 市場區域前景的主要因素是,由於氣候環境的變化以及燃料適應性帶來的機械不斷改進,對區域能源(供暖和製冷)系統的需求不斷增加。 此外,廉價的資金計劃和回扣、研發激勵、嚴格的熱電聯產安裝實踐以及具有成本效益的減排戰略概述是支持全球市場的關鍵因素。
亞太地區有望在預測期內呈現最快的增長速度。 由於該地區快速工業化、城市化和市場對清潔燃料能源的需求不斷增長,新興國家正在出現新的熱電聯產系統。 例如,在印度安得拉邦斯裡城啟動的 Bert Mobil Gas 示範計劃,就是由 Bert Energy GmbH 發布的。 此外,工業鍋爐和發電廠的環境法規、能源效率的提高以及有利的天然氣供應和價格前景預計將推動該地區熱電聯產系統的安裝。
2021 年 7 月,Capstone Green Energy 在紐約簽署了一份為期 10 年的 1.2MWs 微型渦輪機服務合同。 這座摩天大樓的 1.2MW 能效設備由兩台 Capstone C600S 微型渦輪機和 Capstone 的集成熱回收模塊組成。
2021 年 3 月,歐洲海洋能源中心 (EMEC) 與高地和島嶼機場有限公司 (HIAL) 合作,利用綠色氫技術使柯克沃爾機場的熱電聯產脫碳。
2020年8月,TEDOM與BOSCH Thermotechnik簽署熱電聯產系統供貨協議。 兩家組織之間的安排包含了一份中小型熱電聯產機組的清單,這些機組燃燒普通汽油,電力輸出為 30-530 千瓦。 這項新的合作將使 Buderas 能夠擴展其產品組合,並提供功率更低和更高的熱電聯產裝置。 BOSCH Thermotechnik 迄今為止為其提供熱電聯產產品的 Buderus Loganova 裝置的所有佈置將被 TEDOM CHP 裝置取代。
2020 年 10 月,西門子能源向泰萊公司位於美國印第安納州拉斐特的食品加工廠交付了兩台 SGT-700 燃氣輪機。 這兩台渦輪機將構成另一項綜合熱電聯產活動的基礎,以取代燃煤鍋爐。 通過就近發電和再利用原本會被浪費的熱量,新的熱電聯產活動可以提高能源生產率並顯著降低能源成本和化石燃料產品差異。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Combined Heat & Power System Market is accounted for $16.23 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $26.34 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 8.4% during the forecast period. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is a productive and clean way to deal with creating electric power and thermal power from a single fuel source. CHP creates energy at or close to the end user's location so that the heat emitted during energy creation can be used to satisfy the user's requirement for heat while the energy created satisfies all or some of the location's energy needs. Applications with steady demands for electrical and thermal energy make excellent financial targets for CHP adoption.
According to IEA, China is the only major economy where coal demand increased in 2020. Strong economic growth underpins electricity demand in 2021, while post-COVID stimuli measures support production of steel, cement and other coal-intensive industrial products.
Power creation at or near the point of usage is known as distributed generation. Previously, electricity was distributed using low-voltage DC systems at small power plants. Electrical power and mechanical work can both be accomplished with distributed generation. Distributed generation is distinct from centralized power generation, where plants are always fixed and significantly higher-capacity generation occurs far from the point of use. A key component of the present arsenal of distributed power production technologies is the gas turbine. Gas turbines outperform other distributed generation systems in terms of efficiency and dependability for onsite generation requirements and backup power capacity. As a result, the market for CHP is presented with a significant opportunity due to the growth of distributed power generation, which will accelerate market growth over the course of the forecast period.
Installation requires a significant upfront capital investment. A key barrier to the growth of the CHP business is the cost of a typical CHP plant, which can be about 240% higher than the cost of a power production plant with equivalent capacity and a prime mover. Due to the complicated construction of the system, which comprises many components like a prime mover, a heat recovery system, and heat and steam pipes, CHP systems also have substantial maintenance expenses. To maintain the CHP's high efficiency, all of its components must undergo routine maintenance, which drives up overall maintenance expenses, which are projected to impede the fog computing market's growth.
Government initiatives and incentives are anticipated to fuel the expansion of the CHP sector, especially in OECD nations like the US, UK, Germany, Japan, and others. A new strategy for the development of CHP for energy efficiency was adopted by the US in 2012, and the then-US President also signed an executive order to encourage energy efficiency in businesses. For CHP installations, the US federal government and a number of state governments have offered incentives and tax breaks. The directive instructs the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the US Departments of Energy, Commerce, and Agriculture, and other federal agencies to coordinate their efforts to provide commercial and technical assistance to states in order to encourage investments in industrial energy efficiency.
One of the major challenges facing CHP plants is understanding the significance of gas pre-treatment and developing a strategy for it. Biogas-fuelled CHP systems have prime movers, such as a gas turbine, a micro gas turbine, a reciprocating engine, or a Stirling engine, and operate by oxidizing methane in a combustion chamber. This generates thermal energy and drives a piston or turbine, and the resulting shaft work is converted to electricity in a generator. Methane is oxidized electrochemically by fuel cells when they operate, and in most cases, methane is the primary fuel in each prime mover. Trace impurities such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO), and ammonia (NH3) have more adverse effects on the prime mover. Even though the prime mover can handle a small amount of these impurities, a higher concentration of impurities reduces the life of the CHP to just a few years.
Due to lockdown measures and extreme travel restrictions to stop its spread, the COVID-19 pandemic has not only had a large negative impact on human life but has also had a significant negative impact on the world economy. Many individuals across many industries have lost their jobs, and many nations have seen a considerable reduction in the total workforce across many industries. Since a result, the global market has also been significantly impacted, since numerous countries have experienced a major reduction in the labor force across many different business sectors. Several industry participants have stated that delays brought on by the COVID-19 crisis have resulted in various scale combined heat and power projects falling behind schedule.
The Natural gas segment is projected to witness the largest share as compared to other segments over the forecast period. Based on the type of fuel used, the market is divided into natural gas, coal, biomass, and other categories. During the forecast period, the natural gas segment will hold the top spot in terms of value. Key elements that encourage the use of the technology include initiatives aimed at lowering total installation and operational costs as well as ongoing support from public and private sources for the construction of natural gas power plant projects, thereby boosting market growth.
The market is essentially divided into combined cycle, steam turbine, gas turbine, reciprocating engine, and others based on technology. In 2021, combined-cycle CHP systems are anticipated to dominate the market. As they use leftover heat stored in exhaust gases to generate additional electricity, combined cycle systems in power plants reduce energy losses. The overall efficiency of the plant rises to nearly 50% with these systems, compared to about 40% for conventional steam turbine plants and 35% for gas turbine plants, which is a crucial factor fostering the expansion of the global market.
The European combined heat and power system market dominated the global market in terms of revenue share, and it is anticipated that this dominance will continue over the course of the forecasted period. The key factors supporting the regional perspective of the CHP market are the rising need for district energy (heating and cooling) systems under changing climatic circumstances as well as ongoing mechanical improvements derived from fuel adaptability. In addition, affordable funding programs and rebates, encouraging R&D initiatives, thorough CHP installation instructions, and outlines of strategies for cost-effective reduction are some of the key aspects supporting the global market.
During the forecast period, Asia-Pacific is anticipated to have the fastest growth rate. New combined heat and power systems have been created in emerging economies as a result of the region's rapid industrialization, urbanization, and rising market demand for clean fuel energy. For instance, the Bert Mobil Gas demo plan, which was inaugurated in Sri City, Andhra Pradesh, India, was made public by Bert Energy GmbH. Additionally, it is anticipated that environmental restrictions for industrial boilers and power plants, improved energy efficiency, and a favourable natural gas supply and price outlook will encourage the installation of cogeneration systems throughout the region.
Some of the key players in Combined Heat & Power System Market include 2G Energy Inc., ABB Limited, Aegis Energy Services LLC, Bosch Thermotechnology Ltd., Capstone Turbine Corporation, Caterpillar Inc., CENTRAX Gas Turbines, Centrica PLC, Clarke Energy Inc., Cummins Inc., Doosan Fuel Cell America, Inc., Elite Energy Systems, LLC, ENER-G Rudox and Veolia, FuelCell Energy Inc., Generac Holdings Inc., General Electric Company, Integral Power, Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, Mitsubishi heavy Industries ltd., Primary Energy Recycling Corporation, Seimens Energy AG, Tecogen Inc., Veolia, Viessmann Werke Group GmbH & Co. KG and Wartsila Oyj Abp
In July 2021, Capstone Green Energy signed a 10-year service contract for 1.2 MWs of micro-turbines in New York City. The skyscraper's 1.2 MW energy efficiency plant consists of two Capstone C600S micro turbines with Capstone's Integrated Heat Recovery Modules.
In March 2021, The European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) and Highlands and Islands Airports Limited (HIAL) partnered to decarbonise combined heat and power at Kirkwall Airport through green hydrogen technology.
In August 2020, TEDOM and BOSCH Thermotechnik signed a contract to supply combined heat and power units. The arrangement between the two organizations incorporates the stock of little and medium-sized CHP units burning normal gasoline with an electrical output of 30-530 kW. Buderus can extend its portfolio and offer CHP units with lower and higher results with this new collaboration. The whole arrangement of Buderus Loganova units, under which BOSCH Thermotechnik has up to this point offered its cogeneration items, will be supplanted by TEDOM CHP units.
In October 2020, Siemens Energy conveyed two SGT-700 gas turbines for a food fixing handling plant that Tate and Lyle possessed in Lafayette, Indiana, U.S. The two turbines will be the foundation of another consolidated CHP activity supplanting its coal-terminated boilers. By producing power nearby and recuperating heat that would typically be squandered, the new CHP activity will expand energy productivity and significantly diminish energy expenses and fossil fuel by-products.