市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1494740
2030年氫氣生產市場預測:按來源、分配模式、技術、應用和地區進行的全球分析Hydrogen Generation Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Source, Delivery Mode, Technology, Application and By Geography |
根據Stratistics MRC的數據,2024年全球氫氣生產市場規模為1,960.7億美元,預計將以13.4%的複合年成長率成長,到2030年將達到4,169.5億美元。
氫氣生產是指透過各種方法生產氫氣作為清潔能源來源或工業原料的過程。還有一種透過蒸氣重組天然氣或生質能生產氫氣和二氧化碳作為單獨產品的方法。此外,使用太陽能電池或風力發電的電解作為一種可再生的氫氣生產方法正在引起人們的關注,這種氫氣是基於石化燃料的技術的永續替代品。
據IEA稱,截至2022年1月,全球至少有50個藍氫計劃正在進行中,預計2030年產能將增加十倍以上。根據能源研究所《世界能源統計評論》的數據,2021年至2022年精製能力成長了0.5%,而過去十年的年成長率為0.7%。
對清潔能源的需求不斷成長
對清潔能源解決方案不斷成長的需求正在將氫氣市場推向關鍵地位。氫以其多功能性和零排放特性而聞名,擴大被認為是向永續能源系統過渡的關鍵要素。隨著世界各地的工業界和政府努力減少碳排放,氫氣對於交通、工業和發電等產業脫碳變得至關重要。
初始投資高
建造電解和蒸汽甲烷改性設施以及確保氫氣的安全儲存和運輸需要大量資本投資。這種財務負擔往往會阻礙潛在投資者和相關人員進入市場或擴大現有業務。投資收益和法律規範的不確定性使資金籌措更加複雜。因此,許多地區在擴大氫產能方面面臨延遲或限制,阻礙了市場成為向清潔能源解決方案過渡的關鍵參與者的潛力。
電解技術的進展
電解技術的進步透過提供更有效率、更具成本效益和永續的氫氣方法正在徹底改變氫氣生產市場。傳統的電解利用電力將水分子分解成氫氣和氧氣。質子交換膜(PEM)電解和固體氧化物電解池(SOEC)等最新創新大大提高了氫氣生產的效率和擴充性。例如,質子交換膜電解在更高的壓力和溫度下進行,從而實現更快的反應速率和更低的消費量。
價值鏈中的能源損失
價值鏈中的能源損失是氫生產市場成長的主要挑戰。氫氣生產涉及多個步驟,從提取、電解到壓縮和運輸,每個步驟都容易產生能量損失。例如,蒸汽甲烷改性等傳統方法在轉換和運輸原料時會導致能量損失。同樣,電解有望實現綠色氫氣生產,但在發電和轉換過程中存在效率損失。這些損失不僅降低了氫氣生產的整體效率,而且增加了成本並降低了氫氣相對於石化燃料的競爭力。
最初,由於為遏制病毒傳播而實施的封鎖和限制,供應鏈和製造流程擾亂了市場。因此,疫情影響了全球氫氣生產市場,小型業者和客戶經歷了需求減少和融資。然而,這場流行病凸顯了清潔能源來源的重要性,並導致人們對氫作為永續替代能源的興趣和投資增加。
預計生質能產業將成為預測期內最大的產業。
透過提供永續和可再生的氫氣生產來源,生質能產業預計在預測期內將成長最大。從農業殘餘物、林業廢棄物和有機城市固態廢棄物等有機材料中獲得的生質能可以透過氣化、熱解和發酵等各種熱化學和生化過程轉化為氫氣。這種方法不僅提供了石化燃料的可靠替代品,而且有助於減少溫室氣體排放,從而解決環境問題。
部分氧化法部分預計在預測期內複合年成長率最高
部分氧化法產業預計在預測期內複合年成長率最高。部分氧化法涉及碳氫化合物與氧氣反應,通常在催化劑存在下反應,產生氫氣。與蒸汽甲烷改性等傳統方法相比,該製程具有多種優點,包括轉化效率高、原料選擇的多功能性以及相對較低的營業成本。此外,POX可以使用天然氣、煤炭、生質能等多種原料,因此可以適應不同的地理和經濟背景。
透過利用風能和太陽能等可再生能源,綠氫生產可顯著減少碳排放。這項進展不僅解決了環境問題,也透過能源結構多樣化促進了能源獨立和安全。此外,綠色氫的擴充性和多功能性使其成為該地區各個行業(包括交通和發電)脫碳的有前景的解決方案。
歐洲地區在預測期內可能會出現獲利成長。更嚴格的排放目標和對碳中和的追求正在獎勵各國政府在當地部署氫技術。歐洲綠色交易和國家氫戰略等政策為研發和基礎設施發展分配資金,促進創新和市場成長。此外,法律規範為投資者提供了確定性,並鼓勵私營部門參與擴大全部區域的氫氣生產和分配。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Hydrogen Generation Market is accounted for $196.07 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $416.95 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 13.4% during the forecast period. It refers to the process of producing hydrogen gas through various methods, typically for use as a clean energy source or industrial feedstock. Another approach involves steam reforming of natural gas or biomass, which produces hydrogen along with carbon dioxide as a byproduct. Additionally, solar or wind-powered electrolysis is gaining traction as a renewable method of hydrogen production, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based techniques.
According to IEA, in January 2022, there were at least 50 blue hydrogen projects in the works around the world, with capacity expected to grow more than tenfold by 2030. According to the Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy, the oil refining capacity witnessed a growth rate of 0.5% between 2021 and 2022, whereas the annual growth rate in the last decade was 0.7%.
Increasing demand for clean energy
The growing demand for clean energy solutions has propelled the hydrogen generation market into a prominent position. Hydrogen, renowned for its versatility and zero-emission properties, is increasingly favored as a key component in the transition towards sustainable energy systems. As industries and governments worldwide commit to reducing carbon footprints, hydrogen emerges as a vital player in decarbonizing sectors such as transportation, industry, and power generation.
High initial investment
Building facilities for electrolysis or steam methane reforming, as well as ensuring safe storage and transportation of hydrogen, demands substantial capital outlay. This financial burden often dissuades potential investors and stakeholders from entering the market or expanding existing operations. The uncertainty surrounding returns on investment and regulatory frameworks further complicates financing arrangements. Consequently, many regions face delays or limitations in scaling up hydrogen production capacity, hindering the market's potential to become a prominent player in the transition towards cleaner energy solutions.
Advancements in electrolysis technologies
Advancements in electrolysis technologies are revolutionizing the hydrogen generation market by offering more efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable methods for producing hydrogen. Traditional electrolysis involves splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity. Recent innovations such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) have significantly improved the efficiency and scalability of hydrogen production. PEM electrolysis, for instance, operates at higher pressures and temperatures, resulting in faster reaction rates and lower energy consumption.
Energy loss in value chain
Energy loss in the value chain poses a significant challenge to the growth of the hydrogen generation market. Hydrogen production involves several stages, from extraction or electrolysis to compression and transportation, each prone to energy losses. For instance, conventional methods like steam methane reforming suffer from energy loss during conversion and transportation of feedstocks. Similarly, electrolysis, though promising for green hydrogen production, faces efficiency losses during electricity generation and conversion. These losses not only decrease the overall efficiency of hydrogen production but also increase costs, making hydrogen less competitive against fossil fuels.
Initially, the market experienced disruptions in supply chains and manufacturing processes due to lockdowns and restrictions imposed to curb the spread of the virus. The pandemic has therefore had an impact on the global market for hydrogen generation due to decreased demand and cash-deficit difficulties among small operators and clients. However, the pandemic also highlighted the importance of clean energy sources, leading to increased interest and investments in hydrogen as a sustainable alternative.
The Biomass segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
Biomass segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period by offering a sustainable and renewable source for hydrogen production. Biomass, derived from organic materials such as agricultural residues, forestry waste, and organic municipal solid waste, can be converted into hydrogen through various thermochemical and biochemical processes like gasification, pyrolysis, and fermentation. This approach not only provides a reliable alternative to fossil fuels but also helps in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, thus addressing environmental concerns.
The Partial Oxidation segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Partial Oxidation segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Partial Oxidation involves reacting hydrocarbons with oxygen, typically in the presence of a catalyst, to generate hydrogen gas. This process offers several advantages, including high conversion efficiency, versatility in feedstock selection, and relatively low operational costs compared to traditional methods like steam methane reforming. Moreover, POX can utilize a variety of feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, or biomass, making it adaptable to different geographical and economic contexts.
By harnessing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, green hydrogen production significantly reduces carbon emissions, aligning with the region's ambitious climate goals, North America region commanded the largest market share during the projection period. This advancement not only addresses environmental concerns but also fosters energy independence and security by diversifying the energy mix. Moreover, the scalability and versatility of green hydrogen make it a promising solution for decarbonizing various sectors, including transportation and power generation across the region.
Europe region is poised to witness profitable growth over the extrapolated period. Stricter emissions targets and the pursuit of carbon neutrality are driving governments to incentivize the regional adoption of hydrogen technologies. Policies such as the European Green Deal and national hydrogen strategies allocate funding for research, development and infrastructure, fostering innovation and market growth. Additionally, regulatory frameworks provide certainty for investors, encouraging private sector involvement in scaling up hydrogen production and distribution across the region.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Hydrogen Generation market include Air Liquide S.A., Ballard Power Systems, Cummins Inc, Fuelcell Energy, Hiringa Energy Limited, ITM Power, Plug Power, Praxair Inc and Siemens.
In October 2023, H2B2, a technology company with a portfolio in Hydrogen production systems, unveiled the green hydrogen plant, which is expected to become operational in North America, the SoHyCal facility located in Fresno, California, United States. The project envisages 100 percent clean hydrogen production using PEM technology.
In October 2023, Hygenco Green Energies announced its plans to operate and construct a cent percent green H2 gas plant in Maharashtra, India. The company also plans to supply green hydrogen and green oxygen to Sterlite Technologies Ltd. This is expected to become one of the first hydrogen Generation Plants in Maharashtra.
In May 2023, the Tokyo Tech InfoSyEnergy Research and Education Consortium, in collaboration with the Tokyo Tech Academy of Energy and Informatics, introduced a fuel cell capable of producing electricity using a combination of hydrogen and hydrogen derived from waste plastic materials.
In February 2023, the leading Indian oil company, Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), embarked on a green transformation strategy worth INR 2 trillion, with the aim of achieving net-zero emissions from its operational activities by 2046. As part of this initiative, Indian Oil Corporation plans to establish green hydrogen facilities at all of its refineries.