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2030 年半導體晶圓代工廠市場預測:按晶圓代工廠類型、技術節點、最終用戶和地區分類的全球分析Semiconductor Foundry Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis by Foundry Type (Pure Play Foundry and Integrated Device Manufacturers (IDMs)), Technology Node (7 nm, 5 nm, 3 nm, 14 nm, 22 nm, 45 nm, 65 nm and 90 nm & Above), End User and By Geography |
根據Stratistics MRC的數據,2024年全球半導體晶圓代工廠市場規模為1,398億美元,預計到2030年將達到2,357億美元,預測期內複合年成長率為9%。
製造半導體裝置的專業製造工廠稱為半導體代工廠。代工廠專門使用客戶(通常是無廠半導體公司或整合設備製造商 (IDM))提供的設計來製造晶片。這些設施使用先進技術在矽晶圓上建構電路。
根據半導體產業協會(SIA)預測,2021年全球半導體產業銷售額將達5,565億美元,較2020年的4,404億美元大幅成長26.2%。
電子設備需求不斷成長
由於各領域對先進電子設備的需求不斷增加,半導體晶圓代工廠市場正經歷強勁成長。消費性電子、汽車、通訊和運算產業越來越需要先進的半導體來支援 5G、人工智慧和物聯網 (IoT) 等新興技術。智慧型設備、自動駕駛汽車和高效能運算系統的激增對尖端半導體製造能力產生了前所未有的需求。
高資本投資
由於建立和維護最先進的製造設施所需的資金非常高,該市場面臨巨大的障礙。建造最先進的半導體工廠需要巨額財務投資,通常達到數十億美元。這些成本包括生產 5 奈米和 3 奈米等先進節點尺寸晶片所需的複雜機械,如微影術設備、先進蝕刻設備和複雜沉積設備。持續的技術升級和基礎設施發展將進一步加劇這些巨大的財政挑戰。
政府支持力道加大
世界各國政府越來越認知到半導體製造的戰略重要性,從而產生了大量的支持和投資舉措。美國、歐盟等國家都投入大量資金發展國內半導體產能。例如,美國的《晶片法案》和歐盟的計畫旨在減少對外國供應商的依賴,並增強國家的技術競爭力。這些舉措為半導體晶圓代工廠擴大其製造基礎設施創造了良好的機會。
原料短缺
世界各地的半導體晶圓代工廠面臨原料供應鏈中斷的潛在威脅。地緣政治緊張局勢、貿易限制以及製造業集中在某些地區(例如亞太地區)可能會導致關鍵半導體製造組件的供應出現脆弱性。 COVID-19 大流行凸顯了這些供應鏈的脆弱性,並展示了外部因素如何迅速影響原料的供應。美國和中國等主要經濟體之間持續的貿易緊張局勢使原料籌資策略更加複雜。
COVID-19 大流行極大地改變了半導體晶圓代工廠的格局。最初的供應鏈中斷導致製造延誤和零件短缺。然而,遠距工作和數位轉型導致對電子產品的需求增加,創造了前所未有的市場機會。向無線通訊和數位基礎設施的轉變加速了半導體的採用。儘管面臨最初的挑戰,該行業仍表現出了韌性,消費性電子、通訊和運算領域對先進晶片的需求強勁。
純晶圓代工市場預計將在預測期內成為最大的市場
純晶圓代工市場預計將在預測期內成為最大的市場。 Pureplay 代工廠專門為其他公司製造晶片,而不透過設計自己的晶片與客戶競爭。這些專業知識使我們能夠吸引廣泛的客戶,並對先進製造流程進行大量投資,從而增強我們的市場主導地位。
5nm 細分市場預計在預測期內將經歷最高的複合年成長率
預計 5 奈米細分市場在預測期內複合年成長率最高。 5奈米製程節點是最先進的半導體技術,在性能和能源效率方面提供了顯著的改進。隨著人工智慧、5G 和高效能運算等應用對更強大、更有效率晶片的需求增加,5 奈米細分市場將快速成長。
預計亞太地區在預測期內將主導市場佔有率。台灣、韓國和中國等國已成為世界半導體製造地。該地區受益於發達的供應鏈、台積電和三星等成熟的代工廠以及大量的基礎設施投資。先進的製造能力、強大的生態系統和政府的戰略支持造就了該地區壓倒性的市場領導地位。
預計北美在預測期內將經歷最高的成長率。該地區正在積極致力於分散半導體製造並減少對亞洲供應商的依賴。透過《CHIPS 法案》等舉措進行的大量投資,加上強大的創新和大量資金,正在推動半導體代晶圓代工廠的擴張。英特爾等公司正大力投資國內製造能力,為北美半導體晶圓代工廠市場的加速成長做好準備。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Semiconductor Foundry Market is accounted for $139.8 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $235.7 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 9% during the forecast perio. A specialized manufacturing facility that creates semiconductor devices is called a semiconductor foundry. Foundries specialize in creating chips using designs supplied by customers, who are usually fabless businesses or integrated device manufacturers (IDMs). These facilities build circuits on silicon wafers using sophisticated techniques.
According to the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA), global semiconductor industry sales reached $556.5 billion in 2021, marking a significant 26.2% increase from the 2020 total of $440.4 billion.
Rising demand for electronics
The semiconductor foundry market is experiencing robust growth driven by escalating demand for advanced electronic devices across multiple sectors. Consumer electronics, automotive, telecommunications, and computing industries are increasingly requiring sophisticated semiconductors for emerging technologies like 5G, artificial intelligence, and Internet of Things (IoT). The proliferation of smart devices, autonomous vehicles, and high-performance computing systems is creating unprecedented demand for cutting-edge semiconductor manufacturing capabilities.
High capital investment
The market faces significant barriers due to extraordinarily high capital requirements for establishing and maintaining advanced manufacturing facilities. Constructing state-of-the-art semiconductor fabs demands massive financial investments, typically reaching several billion dollars. These expenses encompass sophisticated machinery like photolithography machines, advanced etchers, and complex deposition tools necessary for producing chips at advanced node sizes such as 5 nm or 3 nm. The continuous technological upgrades and infrastructure maintenance further escalate these substantial financial challenges.
Increased government support
Governments worldwide are increasingly recognizing the strategic importance of semiconductor manufacturing, leading to substantial support and investment initiatives. The United States, European Union, and other nations are allocating significant funds to develop domestic semiconductor production capabilities. For instance, the US CHIPS Act and the EU's plan aim to reduce dependence on foreign suppliers and strengthen national technological competitiveness. These initiatives create promising opportunities for semiconductor foundries to expand their manufacturing infrastructure.
Raw material shortages
Global semiconductor foundries face potential threats from raw material supply chain disruptions. Geopolitical tensions, trade restrictions, and concentrated manufacturing in specific regions like Asia Pacific can create vulnerabilities in obtaining critical semiconductor manufacturing components. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted these supply chain fragilities, demonstrating how external factors can rapidly impact material availability. Ongoing trade tensions between major economies like the United States and China further complicate raw material procurement strategies.
The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically transformed the semiconductor foundry landscape. Initial supply chain disruptions caused manufacturing delays and component shortages. However, the increased demand for electronic devices due to remote work and digital transformation created unprecedented market opportunities. The shift towards wireless communication and digital infrastructure accelerated semiconductor adoption. Despite initial challenges, the industry demonstrated resilience, with demand for advanced chips in consumer electronics, telecommunications, and computing sectors experiencing significant growth.
The pure play foundry segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The pure play foundry segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period. Pure play foundries focus exclusively on manufacturing chips for other companies without competing with their customers by designing their own chips. This specialization allows them to attract a wide range of clients and invest heavily in advanced manufacturing processes, driving their market dominance.
The 5 nm segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
The 5 nm segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period. The 5 nm process node represents cutting-edge semiconductor technology, offering significant improvements in performance and energy efficiency. As demand grows for more powerful and efficient chips in applications like AI, 5G, and high-performance computing, the 5 nm segment is poised for rapid growth.
Over the forecasted timeframe, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to dominate the market share. Countries like Taiwan, South Korea, and China have established themselves as global semiconductor manufacturing hubs. The region benefits from well-developed supply chains, established foundries like TSMC and Samsung, and significant infrastructure investments. Advanced manufacturing capabilities, a robust ecosystem, and strategic government support contribute to the region's overwhelming market leadership.
North America is projected to experience the highest growth rate during the forecast period. The region is actively working to decentralize semiconductor manufacturing and reduce dependence on Asian suppliers. Significant investments through initiatives like the CHIPS Act, coupled with strong technological innovation and substantial funding, are driving semiconductor foundry expansion. Companies like Intel are making substantial investments in domestic manufacturing capabilities, positioning North America for accelerated growth in the semiconductor foundry market.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Semiconductor Foundry Market include Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Samsung, GlobalFoundries, United Microelectronics Corporation, Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation, Intel Foundry Services, Hua Hong Semiconductor, Tower Semiconductor, Dongbu HiTek, Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing, Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation, X-FAB Silicon Foundries, Nexchip, STMicroelectronics, NXP Semiconductors, Renesas Electronics, Texas Instruments, and IBM Microelectronics.
In October 2024, OpenAI is working with Broadcom and TSMC to build its first in-house chip designed to support its artificial intelligence systems, while adding AMD chips alongside Nvidia chips to meet its surging infrastructure demands, sources told Reuters. OpenAI, the fast-growing company behind ChatGPT, has examined a range of options to diversify chip supply and reduce costs. OpenAI considered building everything in-house and raising capital for an expensive plan to build a network of factories known as "foundries" for chip manufacturing.
In October 2024, GlobalFoundries (GF) has been awarded $35 million in federal funding from the U.S. government to accelerate the manufacturing of GF's differentiated gallium nitride (GaN) on silicon semiconductors at its facility in Essex Junction, Vermont. This funding brings GF closer to large-scale production of GaN chips, which are unique in their ability to handle high voltages and temperatures. These chips are positioned to enable game-changing performance and efficiency in 5G and 6G cellular communications for infrastructure and handsets, automotive and industrial Internet of things (IoT), as well as power grids and other critical infrastructure.
In January 2024, Intel Corp. and United Microelectronics Corporation a leading global semiconductor foundry announced that they will collaborate on the development of a 12-nanometer semiconductor process platform to address high-growth markets such as mobile, communication infrastructure and networking. The long-term agreement brings together Intel's at-scale U.S. manufacturing capacity and UMC's extensive foundry experience on mature nodes to enable an expanded process portfolio.