Product Code: r17466
Zero-touch provisioning (ZTP) represents an automated approach to deploying and configuring network devices and infrastructure devoid of manual intervention or human interaction. This method streamlines and expedites the deployment of network infrastructure by automating configuration processes, mitigating manual errors, and enhancing operational efficiency.
The primary components of zero-touch provisioning encompass platforms and services. Platforms denote the foundational technology or infrastructure supporting applications, services, or systems. Network complexity encompasses a multi-vendor environment, intricate network architecture, and dynamic network settings, while device types include routers, switches, access points, firewalls, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and others. Zero-touch provisioning caters to enterprises of varying sizes, including large enterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), across diverse industries such as information technology (IT) and telecommunications, manufacturing, healthcare, retail, among others.
The zero touch provisioning market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides zero touch provisioning market statistics, including zero touch provisioning industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a zero touch provisioning market share, detailed zero touch provisioning market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the zero touch provisioning industry. This zero touch provisioning market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.
The zero touch provisioning market size has grown rapidly in recent years. It will grow from $3.51 billion in 2023 to $4.10 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.6%. The expansion observed in the historical period can be attributed to the increasing adoption of smart devices, a growing proliferation of connected consumer devices, rising acceptance of the industrial Internet of Things (IoT), heightened demand for connected devices, and the overall growth in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
The zero touch provisioning market size is expected to see rapid growth in the next few years. It will grow to $7.70 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.1%. The projected growth in the forecast period can be credited to the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, the expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) alongside efficient device onboarding processes, a rising demand for faster network provisioning and scalability, increasing adoption of cloud-based services and virtualization technologies, and the growing complexity of network infrastructures.
The anticipated surge in 5G network deployment is poised to drive the expansion of the zero-touch provisioning market. 5G, the latest wireless cellular technology iteration, promises heightened capacity, enhanced reliability, and accelerated data transfer rates compared to its predecessors. This deployment trend is spurred by the demand for swifter data speeds, reduced latency, and support for a wide array of interconnected devices. Facilitating remote device setup and management with enhanced speed and efficiency, 5G networks enable zero-touch provisioning. Notably, in September 2023, North America boasted 151 million 5G connections and 496 million LTE connections, with projections indicating an increase to 669 million by 2028, as reported by 5G Americas, a US-based industry trade organization. This indicates the surge in 5G network deployment driving the zero-touch provisioning market in forecast period.
Prominent players in the zero-touch provisioning market are concentrating on pioneering solutions such as True Zero-Touch Automation to bolster their profitability. True Zero-Touch Automation seamlessly integrates with cloud services, automating device deployment and configuration sans manual intervention. A case in point is the July 2021 launch by Lantronix Inc., a US-based provider of secure data access and management solutions, introducing True Zero-Touch Automation for Remote Device Provisioning with the ConsoleFlow Cloud-Based SaaS Platform. This solution simplifies onboarding for Lantronix IoT and Out of Band (OOB) devices, curbing onsite visits and expenses while facilitating centralized asset management, automated monitoring, and mobile accessibility via iOS or Android platforms. True zero-touch automation encompasses device import, firmware updates, and secure cloud updates, thereby enhancing efficiency and mitigating errors.
In July 2021, Giesecke+Devrient (G+D), a Germany-based security technology company, acquired Pod Group with undisclosed financial terms. This strategic move by G+D is aimed at expediting IoT adoption by streamlining deployments and furnishing enterprises with secure and cost-effective connectivity solutions, with a keen focus on zero-touch provisioning. Pod Group, headquartered in the UK, specializes in zero-touch provisioning solutions.
Major companies operating in the zero touch provisioning market are China Mobile Communication Corporation, Verizon Communications Inc., Huawei Technologies Co Ltd., Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP, Cisco Systems Inc., Qualcomm Technologies Inc., Nokia Corporation, Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson, ZTE Corporation, Reliance Jio Infocomm Ltd., Juniper Networks Inc., Arista Networks Inc., Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company P.J.S.C., Extreme Networks Inc., NetBrain Technologies Inc., Indonet, Itential LLC, Parallel Wireless Inc., BlueCat Networks Inc., Anuta Networks International LLC, Entuity Limited, Apstra Inc., Riverbed Technology LLC, Trace3 Inc
Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the zero touch provisioning market in 2023. North America is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the zero touch provisioning market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa.
The countries covered in the zero touch provisioning market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain.
The zero-touch provisioning market consists of revenues earned by entities by providing services such as remote configuration, inventory management, security policy enforcement, mobile device management. The market value includes the value of related goods sold by the service provider or included within the service offering. The zero touch provisioning market also includes sales of networking equipment, telecommunication devices, and cloud infrastructure. Values in this market are 'factory gate' values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods.
The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified).
The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.
- Including: 1) By Component: Platform; Services
- 2) By Network Complexity: Multi-Vendor Environment; Complex Network Architecture; Dynamic Network Environment
- 3) By Device Type: Routers; Switches; Access Points; Firewalls; Internet Of Things Devices
- 4) By Enterprise Size: Large Enterprises; Small And Medium Enterprises
- 5) By Industry: Information Technology And Telecommunications; Manufacturing; Healthcare; Retail
- Covering: China Mobile Communication Corporation; Verizon Communications Inc.; Huawei Technologies Co Ltd; Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP; Cisco Systems Inc.
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
2. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Characteristics
3. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Trends And Strategies
4. Zero Touch Provisioning Market - Macro Economic Scenario
- 4.1. Impact Of High Inflation On The Market
- 4.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On The Market
- 4.3. COVID-19 Impact On The Market
5. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market Size and Growth
- 5.1. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market Drivers and Restraints
- 5.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
- 5.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
- 5.2. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
- 5.3. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)
6. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Segmentation
- 6.1. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Platform
- Services
- 6.2. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Network Complexity, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Multi-Vendor Environment
- Complex Network Architecture
- Dynamic Network Environment
- 6.3. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Routers
- Switches
- Access Points
- Firewalls
- Internet Of Things Devices
- Other Device Types
- 6.4. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Enterprise Size, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Large Enterprises
- Small And Medium Enterprises
- 6.5. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- Information Technology And Telecommunications
- Manufacturing
- Healthcare
- Retail
- Other Industries
7. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Regional And Country Analysis
- 7.1. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 7.2. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8. Asia-Pacific Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 8.1. Asia-Pacific Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
- 8.2. Asia-Pacific Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 8.3. Asia-Pacific Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 8.4. Asia-Pacific Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
9. China Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 9.1. China Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 9.2. China Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
- 9.3. China Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
- 9.4. China Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
10. India Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 10.1. India Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 10.2. India Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 10.3. India Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11. Japan Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 11.1. Japan Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 11.2. Japan Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 11.3. Japan Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 11.4. Japan Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12. Australia Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 12.1. Australia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 12.2. Australia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 12.3. Australia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13. Indonesia Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 13.1. Indonesia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 13.2. Indonesia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 13.3. Indonesia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14. South Korea Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 14.1. South Korea Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 14.2. South Korea Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 14.3. South Korea Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 14.4. South Korea Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15. Western Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 15.1. Western Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 15.2. Western Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 15.3. Western Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 15.4. Western Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16. UK Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 16.1. UK Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 16.2. UK Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 16.3. UK Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17. Germany Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 17.1. Germany Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 17.2. Germany Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 17.3. Germany Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18. France Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 18.1. France Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 18.2. France Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 18.3. France Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19. Italy Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 19.1. Italy Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 19.2. Italy Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 19.3. Italy Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20. Spain Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 20.1. Spain Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 20.2. Spain Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 20.3. Spain Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21. Eastern Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 21.1. Eastern Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 21.2. Eastern Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 21.3. Eastern Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 21.4. Eastern Europe Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22. Russia Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 22.1. Russia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 22.2. Russia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 22.3. Russia Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23. North America Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 23.1. North America Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 23.2. North America Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 23.3. North America Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 23.4. North America Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24. USA Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 24.1. USA Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 24.2. USA Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 24.3. USA Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 24.4. USA Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25. Canada Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 25.1. Canada Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 25.2. Canada Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 25.3. Canada Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 25.4. Canada Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26. South America Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 26.1. South America Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 26.2. South America Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 26.3. South America Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 26.4. South America Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27. Brazil Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 27.1. Brazil Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 27.2. Brazil Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 27.3. Brazil Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28. Middle East Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 28.1. Middle East Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 28.2. Middle East Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 28.3. Middle East Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 28.4. Middle East Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29. Africa Zero Touch Provisioning Market
- 29.1. Africa Zero Touch Provisioning Market Overview
- 29.2. Africa Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Component, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 29.3. Africa Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Device Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
- 29.4. Africa Zero Touch Provisioning Market, Segmentation By Industry, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
30. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles
- 30.1. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Competitive Landscape
- 30.2. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Company Profiles
- 30.2.1. China Mobile Communication Corporation
- 30.2.1.1. Overview
- 30.2.1.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.1.3. Strategy
- 30.2.1.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.2. Verizon Communications Inc.
- 30.2.2.1. Overview
- 30.2.2.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.2.3. Strategy
- 30.2.2.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.3. Huawei Technologies Co Ltd.
- 30.2.3.1. Overview
- 30.2.3.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.3.3. Strategy
- 30.2.3.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.4. Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
- 30.2.4.1. Overview
- 30.2.4.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.4.3. Strategy
- 30.2.4.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.5. Cisco Systems Inc.
- 30.2.5.1. Overview
- 30.2.5.2. Products and Services
- 30.2.5.3. Strategy
- 30.2.5.4. Financial Performance
31. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Other Major And Innovative Companies
- 31.1. Qualcomm Technologies Inc.
- 31.2. Nokia Corporation
- 31.3. Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
- 31.4. ZTE Corporation
- 31.5. Reliance Jio Infocomm Ltd.
- 31.6. Juniper Networks Inc.
- 31.7. Arista Networks Inc.
- 31.8. Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company P.J.S.C.
- 31.9. Extreme Networks Inc.
- 31.10. NetBrain Technologies Inc.
- 31.11. Indonet
- 31.12. Itential LLC
- 31.13. Parallel Wireless Inc.
- 31.14. BlueCat Networks Inc.
- 31.15. Anuta Networks International LLC
32. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market Competitive Benchmarking
33. Global Zero Touch Provisioning Market Competitive Dashboard
34. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Zero Touch Provisioning Market
35. Zero Touch Provisioning Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis
- 35.1 Zero Touch Provisioning Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
- 35.2 Zero Touch Provisioning Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
- 35.3 Zero Touch Provisioning Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
- 35.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
- 35.3.2 Competitor Strategies
36. Appendix
- 36.1. Abbreviations
- 36.2. Currencies
- 36.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
- 36.4. Research Inquiries
- 36.5. The Business Research Company
- 36.6. Copyright And Disclaimer